Super Core
TM
Electrical steel sheets for high-frequency
application
Super Core is manufactured using an innova-
tive process that is completely different from
that for conventional silicon steel sheets.
These are the highest grade, non-oriented
magnetic steel sheets available.
Conventional silicon steel sheets have a Si (silicon) content of
3.5% or less. It has long been known that the magnetic
characteristics of a silicon steel sheet improve as the Si content
increases, peaking at 6.5%. However, it has been impractical to
produce thin steel sheets with a Si content of over 3.5% because
the steel tends to harden and become brittle. In 1993 JFE Steel
solved this production problem through the adoption of a process
called the CVD process, and successfully introduced the first 6.5%
Si steel sheets (JNEX-Core) to the world.
In order to meet new demands, this technology has continued to
be developed, leading to the commercial production of gradient
high-silicon steel sheets with superior high-frequency
characteristics (JNHF-Core).
TM
TM
CVD (siliconizing) Process *
Concentration distribution control
diffusion process
Uniform diffusion process
Si
Si
Si
Super Core Production Process
Super Core is a registered trademark or trademark of JFE Steel Corporation in the United States and other countries.
* CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
Gradient high-silicon steel sheet
with low silicon content
at the center portion
and 6.5% silicon near
the outer surface areas
6.5% silicon steel sheet.
(A high-silicon steel sheet
with a uniform silicon
content of 6.5% throughout the sheet)
Heating zone
Siliconizing zone
Diffusion zone
Cooling zone
Insulating coating
JNHF-Core
JNEX-Core
TM
Low Core Loss
Low Core Loss
Core loss in high-frequency ranges is extremely
low. This allows for low heat generation and size
reductions for magnetic components such as
high-frequency reactors and transformers.
Low Magnetostriction
Low Magnetostriction
Magnetostriction which causes noise and
vibration is nearly zero. This enables significant
noise reductions for magnetic components such
as reactors and transformers.
The high-temperature processing provides
thermal stability. Since there is minimal
deterioration of the properties due to machining,
so stress-relieving anneals are not required.
There is virtually no difference in the
characteristics between the rolling direction (L-
direction) and the transverse (C-direction).
Therefore, this can be used in a wide range of
applications, from stationary machines to rolling
machines.
The permeability is extremely high across a wide
range of frequencies, making it highly suitable for
use in shield applications and CT.
High Permeability
High Permeability
Stable Quality
Stable Quality
Non-oriented
Non-oriented
Low noise Low core loss
High permeability
Low noise
PC permalloy
Nanocrystal
Low core loss
Amorphous
Ferrite
Ultrathin grain-
oriented
silicon steel
High permeability
Permalloy
Nanocrystal
10JNEX900
0.01 0.1
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
110100 1000
50Hz
100Hz 200Hz 400Hz 1kHz 2kHz 5kHz
20kHz
10kHz
30kHz
50kHz
Magnetic flux density B(T)
Core loss W (W/kg)
High-frequency core loss curve
Measurement : 25 cm Epstein test
Rolling direction, shear cross-section
JNEX-Core is the highest-grade non-oriented magnetic steel
sheets manufactured with a production method (CVD process) that
is completely different from that for conventional silicon steel
sheets, allowing a previously impossible Si content of 6.5%.
JNEX-Core
JNEX-Core
JNEX-
Core
Variation in magnetic properties of
silicon steel by Si content
Sample Characteristics Table
Characteristics
Material core loss W1/10k (W/kg)* (in-house data)
Cut core (CS500 core loss W1/10k (W/kg)* (in-house data)
Comparison of magnetic characteristics (JFE in-house data) : Rolling direction, shear cross-section
50101520253530
50101520253530
JNEX-Core
0
0
12345678
DC magnetostriction constant Core lossMaximum permeability
Range for
conventional Si steel
Si content (%)
* W10/50 is the core loss at 50Hz, 1T(=10kG) when the magnetic flux sine wave is excited.
* B
8 is the magnetic flux density at 800A/m.
* 10/400 is the magnetostviction at 400Hz, 1T when the magentic flux sine wave is excited.
* W1/10k is the core loss at 10kHz, 0.1T(=1kG) when the magnetic flux sine wave
is excited.
JNEX-Core
Grain-oriented silicon steel
Non-oriented silicon steel
Fe-based amorphous
Ferrite
0 10
0 05
0 10
0 23
0 35
0 10
0 20
0 35
0 025
Bulk
1 29
1 75
1 84
1 92
1 92
1 58
1 44
1 45
1 38
0 37
1 40
1 91
1 96
1 96
1 53
1 56
1 80
2 03
2 05
2 03
1 96
1 50
0 5
0 8
0 7
0 3
0 4
0 8
0 7
0 7
0 1
5 7
6 4
6 0
7 8
12 2
8 5
11 0
14 4
1 5
18 7
17 2
22.7
35 0
55 0
27 1
38 5
62 0
5 5
11 3
9 2
20 0
33 0
49 5
16 5
26 2
38 0
4 0
2 2
8 3
7 1
18 0
30 0
47 0
13 3
23 0
33 0
3 6
2 0
6 9
5 2
14 0
32 0
49 0
3 3
1 8
23,000
24,000
92,000
94,000
12,500
15,000
18,000
300,000
3,500
0 1
0 8
7 8
27 0
21 0
0 82
0 48
0 57
1 30
Material
Thickness
(mm)
Specific
resistance
m
Magnetic
flux density
B
8
(T)
Magnetic
flux density
B
25
(T)
Saturation
magnetiza-
tion (T)
DC max
relative
permeability
Magneto-
striction
10/400
10
-6
Core loss (W/kg)
10/50 10/1 2/5
13 7
13 5
22 0
33 0
49 5
22 4
33 2
50 2
8 1
5/2 1/10
0 5/20
10/400
0.1t JNEX-Core
0.1t Grain-oriented silicon steel
0.23t Grain-oriented silicon steel
0.05t Grain-oriented silicon steel
Fe-based amorphous
0.1t JNEX-Core
0.1t Grain-oriented silicon steel
0.23t Grain-oriented silicon steel
0.05t Grain-oriented silicon steel
Fe-based amorphous
Low Core Loss
Low Core Loss
For high-frequencies in excess of 5 kHz, out-
shines even JNEX-Core for low core loss.
Highly Workable
Highly Workable
Excellent workability for pressing, bending,
stamping, etc.
High-saturation magnetic flux density
High-saturation magnetic flux density
Has a high saturation magnetic flux density of
1.85 ~ 1.94 T Using this material in a reactor
takes full advantage of the superior DC
superimposition characteristics.
Non-oriented
Non-oriented
There is virtually no difference in the characteris-
tics between the rolling direction (L-direction) and
the transverse direction (C direction).
Therefore, this can be used in a wide range of ap-
plications, from stationary machines to rolling ma-
chines.
20JNHF1300
10JNHF600
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Core loss W (W/kg)
Magnetic flux density B(T)
100Hz
50Hz
1Hz
400Hz
200Hz
30kHz
50kHz
100kHz
20kHz
2kHz 5kHz 10kHz
High-frequency core loss curve
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Core loss W (W/kg)
Magnetic flux density B(T)
50Hz
100Hz
200Hz
400Hz
1kHz
2kHz
5kHz
10kHz
20kHz
High-frequency core loss curve
Measurement: 25 cm Epstein test
Rolling direction, shear cross-section
For the JNHF-Core, the siliconization technology (CVD process)
used for JNEX-Core has been further developed, leading to even
greater lower core loss in the high-frequency ranges.
JNHF-Core
JNHF-Core
Comparison of reactor
DC superimposition characteristics
Sample Characteristics Table
Press machined sample
(0.2 mm thick)
Core Loss Comparison between JNHF-Core and JNEX-Core (0.10 mm thick)
1.0
0
5
30
25
20
10
15
0.5
0
51015
W10/400 W10/1 W5/2 W1/10 W0.5/20
JNEX-Core
JNHF-Core
20 25 30 35
Current I (A)
Inductance L (mH)
Core loss (W/kg)
JNEX-Core
JNHF-Core
* Using a multi-layer block core (sheet thickness 0.1 mm)
* 20 kHz, 0.05 T equivalent ripple current applied
Standoff
W2/5
JNHF-Core
JNEX-Core
Grain-oriented silicon steel
Non-oriented silicon steel
Amorphous
0 10
0 20
0 10
0 10
0 35
0 025
1 88
1 94
1 80
2 03
1 96
1 50
1 15
1 09
1 29
1 84
1 45
1 44
1 47
1 40
1 91
1 56
1 1
1 2
0 5
0 7
0 7
0 1
10 1
14 5
5 7
6 0
14 4
1 5
30 0
51 6
18 7
22 7
62 0
5 5
11 5
17 9
11 3
20 0
38 0
4 0
20 2
29 1
13 7
22 0
50 2
8 1
7 1
12 7
8 3
18 0
33 0
3 6
5 0
9 5
6 9
14 0
3 3
4 100
3 900
23 000
24 000
18 000
300 000
Material
Thickness
(mm)
Saturation
magnetiza-
tion (T)
Magnetic
flux density
B
25
(T)
Magnetic
flux density
B
8(T)
DC max
relative
permeability
Core loss (W/kg)
10/50 5/2 2/5 1/10
0 5/20
10/1k
10/400
* W10/400 is the core loss at 400Hz, 1T(=10kG) when the magnetic flux sine wave is excited.
Comparison of magnetic characteristics (JFE in-house data) : Rolling direction, shear cross-section
* W10/50 is the core loss at 50 Hz, 1 T (=10kG) when the magnetic flux sine wave is excited
* B
8 is the magnetic flux density at 800A/m.
Uses for Super Core
Super Core Applications
Transformers
CT. Yoke
Shield
Renewable power
generation,
Photovoltaic,
Wind turbine,
Micro turbine
etc.
PWM Converter,
Active filter
Railway car
auxilliary
power supply
Automotive
Hybrid & Fuel cell
vehicle
UPS
Motor drive inverter
Medical X-ray
power supply
Welding machine
Induction furnace,
Induction heating
High speed
motor,
generator
Axial gap
motor,
generator
High pole
number
motor,
generator
L
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,
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&
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s
Super
Core
The low core loss characteristics at high-frequency of Super Core allow it to
be effectively used for a wide range of transformers, driven from several
hundred Hz to several tens of kHz.
Super Core allow the transformer to generate less heat, and provide higher
design induction than conventional silicon steel sheets, enabling transformer
size to be reduced. This then reduces the quantities of other required
transformer materials, such as the copper wire, leading to overall cost
reductions.
By taking full advantage of the low magnetostriction characteristics of JNEX-
Core, it is also possible to reduce transformer noise dramatically.
H
i
g
h
-
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
H
i
g
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-
F
r
e
q
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n
c
y
R
e
a
c
t
o
r
s
,
C
h
o
k
e
s
Examples of noise and size reduction for high-frequency transformers (for fixed core loss)
High-frequency transformer noise and core loss comparison
600
Weight (kg)
JNEX-Core
Grain-oriented Si steel
JNEX-Core
Grain-oriented Si steel
Noise (dB)
400
200
60
70
80
Noise (dB)
Magnetic flux density (T)
0
80
90
70
60
50
40
30
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Grain-oriented Si steel
JNEX-Core
f=1kHz
Core loss (W/kg)
Magnetic flux density (T)
0
100
10
1.0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
f=1kHz
Grain-oriented Si steel
JNEX-Core
Reduced noise and low core loss for
high-frequency magnetic components
Further core loss reduction in high
frequency ranges beyond 5 kHz
High-frequency transformer
JNHF-Core
JNEX-Core
TM
TM
TM
TM
TM
Reactors (Chokes, Inductors)
Load
Power
supply
Reactor
Converter Inverter
Reactor
Reactor
Inductance L (mH)
Current I (A)
0.5
1002030405060
1.0
Comparison of
DC superimposition characteristics
A
A : Wound core
B : Block core
B
High-frequency reactors
Due to the high saturation magnetic flux density, the low
core loss at high-frequency and the high-permeability of
Super Core , it is ideal for applications in high-frequency
reactors with high-frequency current superimposition over a
broad range of frequencies.
Because Super Core meets all high frequency wave
regulations and power factor improvements, demand is on
the increase for its use in not only inverter output reactors
but also in active filters and in PWM converter reactors in
the market sectors from consumer electronics to industrial,
renewable power generation and automotives.
Diagram below shows the characteristics of general
magnetic cores and Super Core (JNHF-Core and JNEX-
Core) from the perspective of the magnetic characteristics
required for a high-frequency reactor, i.e., core loss and
saturation flux density. In this diagram, the iron loss is
compared under a ripple frequency of 20 kHz. The data
shows that JNHF-Core and JNEX-Core both have the
necessary characteristics for a high-frequency reactor, and
indicate superior total balance compared to the other
magnetic cores.
Diagram below indicates the power supply and the
switching frequency (ripple frequency) that are suitable for
Super Core . As the data shows, Super Core is suitable
for medium-capacity inverter and converter reactors of 3
kHz, 1 kVA or 10A or higher. Particularly with this power
supply, Super Core effectively brings such benefits as high
efficiency, compact size, and low noise.
Super Core meets a diverse range of customers needs
since it can be formed into wound cores, such as C-cores
and toroidal cores, as well as into lamination cores and
glued block cores of various shapes by cutting or pressing.
For example, as illustrated in the figure on the bottom right,
a reactor with 4-point gaps, consisting of a combination of
glued-lamination core and a flat, vertically wound coil, with
excellent impedance-frequency characteristics, shows DC
superimposition characteristics that are far superior to
conventional wound core with one or two gaps.
Furthermore, the low magnetostriction characteristics of
JNEX-Core reduce high frequency noise in the audible
ranges of 20kHz or less, and therefore provide quiet power
sources for inverters and converters.
●Typical magnetic properties of soft magnetic core materials applied for
switched mode power supplies using IGBT, MOS-FET
Saturation Flux Density Bs (T)
Core Loss at 20kHz, 0.05T (W/kg)
Grain-oriented Si steel sheet t=0.1mm
Ideal core material
Fe-based amorphous t=0.025mm
Mn-Zn ferrite
Iron powder
JNHF-Core t=0.1mm
JNEX-Core t=0.1mm
2.5
2.0
1.5
0.5
0
1.0
51015
●Suitable core materials for transformers and reactors in switched mode
power supplies
Power (kVA)
Switching Frequency (kHz)
1000
100
10
1
0.1
110100 1000
20 25 30 35 40
Iron powder, Amorphous, Ferrite
Conventional
Grain-oriented
/Non-oriented
Silicon steel
Super Core
JNEX-Core
JNHF-Core
TM
TM
TM
TM
TM
TM
TM
TM
Super Core
TM
Base Coil Slit Coil
*The base coil is made on a
continuous production line with a
siliconizing process.
*The base coil goes through a
slitter line, slits are cut and
the coil is hooped.
*After a paper sleeve is put
around its inner circumfer-
ence, the slit coil is wound
with rust-preventing paper
used for packaging. It is then
placed on skids for shipment.
Motors & Generators Other applications
Because of its superior low core loss characteristics, Super
Core has many advantages in high-speed motors and
power generator applications -- stator, rotor, and yoke --
and contributes greatly to efficiency.
It is also effective in reducing noise that is caused in part by
magnetostriction.
Super Core has attracted the attention for its use in electric
and hybrid car motors, power generators, as well as the
motors for OA devices.
Applications are diverse, including magnetic shields, which
take advantage of the excellent permeability into high-
frequency ranges, magnetic yokes used at high-frequencies,
heating equipment inductors, and CT(Current Transformer).
Other applications include inductors and filters that reduce
high-frequency noise.
TM
TM
PRODUCTS
Product Dimensions and Specifications
Substances of Environmental Concern Data
0.10
0.10
0.20
10JNEX900
10JNHF600
20JNHF1300
90 or more
90 or more
92 or more
7.49
7.53
7.57
10/400
9.0 or less
0.5/20
6.0 or less
0.5/20
13.0 or less
Sheet width
20~600
Core outer diameter
Max 900
Core inner diameter
Std. 508
JNEX-Core
Product name Code number
Thickness
(mm)
Core loss
W/
Dimensions
mm
Space factor
(%)
Density
(g/cm
3
)
JNHF-Core
* W10/50 indicates the core loss at 50 Hz, 1 T (=10kG) when the magnetic flux sine wave is excited. Similarly, W10/400 indicates for 400 Hz, 1 T (=10kG),
and W0.5/20k indicates the core loss for 20 kHz, 0.05 T (=500G).
A mixture of organic and inorganic type of coating is available.
Insulating Coating
Substance
Hg
Cd
Pb
Cr
6
Preparation
Wet digestion
Wet digestion
(dissoIved completely)
Wet digestion
(dissoIved completely)
Extraction in boiling water
Analytical method
Atomic absorption spctrometric
method after reduction-generation
as Mercury gas
Atomic absorption
spectrometric method
Atomic absorption
spectrometric method
Diphenylcarbazide
spectrophotometric method
Minimum limit of determination
1ppm
10ppm
10ppm
0 01µg/cm
2
ln JFE's Electrical Steel Sheet prod-
ucts, substances of environmental
concern listed below are not detec-
ted in the results of analyses con-
ducted by following methods.
Note:1.Insulation coating contains Cr
3
+
Please pay attention when heating in the oxidizing atmosphere or using in the high temperature conditions.
2.Chemical substances such as PBB and PBDE are neither intentionally added nor used in our production processes.
Analytical method
Super Core
TM
Processed Goods
Wound Cores (C-core and Toroidal core)
After the steel coil is formed and annealed, it is soaked in varnish and
fixed.
The sheet thickness is 0.05 mm or 0.1 mm.
Please contact us regarding the available size.
Laminated Cores
A core produced with a stamping-lamination process to take full advantage of the features of non-oriented Super Core .
Unlike products using conventional 3% Si electrical steel sheets, these can be used up to high-frequency ranges.
Please contact us regarding the available size.
Adhesive-Laminated Core for Motors
Block cores are small and medium sized
cores for reactors and transformers.
They are highly effective for reducing
costs when mass-producing such
equipment.
The standard lamination fixing method is
adhesive fixation.
Block Core
A core that has been adhesive-
laminated and solidified
Provide significant reduction in high-
frequency core loss due to high-speed
rotation
Stacked Cores
Cores for Motors and Power Generators
Motors and power generators using Super Core , the
best non-oriented magnetic steel sheets available,
demonstrate superior performance.
The core manufacture is determined separately in
consultation with each customer according to their
design plans.
For inquiries or orders, contact the office listed below or your nearest JFE Steel Corporation office.
These cores are used mainly with medium- and large-
sized transformers and reactors. The user stacks the
strips and affixes them using bolts.
The possible range of production varies somewhat
depending on the processing maker, so check before
proceeding.
Please contact us regarding the available size.
2-2-3 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0011 (Hibiya Kokusai Bldg)
Electrical Steel Section TEL +81-3-3597-4099 FAX +81-3-3597-4779
URL : http://www.jfe-steel.co.jp/en/supercore
A laminated core made in virtually the
same shape as a cut core, so that it is
possible to use the same washers and
clamp bands
Block Core with Rounded Corners
TM
TM
Cat.No.F1E-002-02
Hibiya Kokusai Building, 2-3 Uchisaiwaicho 2-chome, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 100-0011, Japan
Phone : (81)3-3597-3111
http://www.jfe-steel.co.jp/en/
JFE Steel Asia Pte. Ltd.
16 Raffles Quay, No. 15-03, Hong Leong Building, 048581, Singapore
Phone : (65)6220-1174
JFE Steel America, Inc.
600 Third Avenue, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A.
Phone : (1)212-310-9320
JFE Steel Australia Resources Pty Ltd.
Level 19, CPA Centre, 307 Queen St, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
Phone : (61)7-3229-3855
JFE Steel India Private Limited
1101, 11th Floor, Unitech‘s Signature Tower, Tower-A, South City-I, NH-8, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122002, India
Phone : (91)124-426-4981
JFE Steel (Thailand) Ltd.
22nd Floor, Abdulrahim Place 990, Rama
IV
Road, Bangkok 10500, Thailand
Phone : (66)2-636-1886
JFE Steel Corporation, Jakarta Office
16th Floor Summitmas
II
, JL Jendral Sudirman Kav. 61-62, Jakarta 12190, Indonesia
Phone : (62)21-522-6405
JFE Steel Corporation, Manila Office
23rd Floor 6788 Ayala Avenue, Oledan Square, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Phone : (63)2-886-7432
JFE Steel Korea Corporation
6th Floor. Geumgang-Tower. 889-13, Daechi-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-570, Korea
Phone : (82)2-3468-4130
JFE Steel Corporation Beijing
1009 Beijing Fortune Building No.5, Dongsanhuan North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100004, P.R.China
Phone : (86)10-6590-9051
JFE Consulting (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Room 801, Building A, Far East International Plaza, 319 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200051, P.R.China
Phone : (86)21-6235-1345
JFE Steel do Brasil LTDA / JFE Steel Corporation, Rio de Janeiro Office
Praia de Botafogo, 228 Setor B, Salas 508 & 509, Botafogo, CEP 22250-040, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
Phone : (55)21-2553-1132
JFE Steel India Private Limited Mumbai Office
308, A Wing, 215 Atrium, Andheri - Kurla Road, Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400093, Maharashtra, India
Phone : (91)22-3076-2760
JFE Steel Europe Limited
15th Floor, The Broadgate Tower, 20 Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EW, U.K.
Phone : (44)20-7426-0166
JFE Steel Corporation, Dubai Office
P.O.Box 261791 LOB19-1208, Jebel Ali Free Zone Dubai, U.A.E.
Phone : (971)4-884-1833
JFE Steel Vietnam Co., Ltd.
Unit 1401, 14th Floor, Kumho Asiana Plaza, 39 Le Duan Street, Dist 1, HCMC, Vietnam
Phone : (84)8-3825-8576
JFE Consulting (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd./ JFE Steel Corporation, Guangzhou Office
Room 3901, Citic Plaza, 233 Tian He North Road, Guangzhou 510613, P.R.China
Phone : (86)20-3891-2467
JFE Steel America, Inc., Houston Office
10777 Westheimer, Suite 230, Houston, TX 77042, U.S.A.
Phone : (1)713-532-0052
TOKYO HEAD OFFICE
NEW YORK OFFICE
HOUSTON OFFICE
BRISBANE OFFICE
RIO DE JANEIRO OFFICE
LONDON OFFICE
DUBAI OFFICE
NEW DELHI OFFICE
MUMBAI OFFICE
SINGAPORE OFFICE
BANGKOK OFFICE
VIETNAM OFFICE
JAKARTA OFFICE
MANILA OFFICE
SEOUL OFFICE
BEIJING OFFICE
SHANGHAI OFFICE
GUANGZHOU OFFICE
Fax : (81)3-3597-4860
Fax : (65)6224-8357
Fax : (1)212-308-9292
Fax : (61)7-3229-4377
Fax : (91)124-426-4982
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