English I
Administered April 2019
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written permission from the Texas Education Agency.
Read the selection and choose the best answer to each question. Then fill in
theansweronyouranswerdocument.
Candice’s science teacher has asked her to write about an important geographical
region. Read Candice’s paper and think about the revisions that she should make.
When you finish reading, answer the questions that follow.
The Great Barrier Reef
(1) One of nature’s most amazing structures is a maze of islands and coral.
(2) The Great Barrier Reef, an ecosystem of a combined 3,000 coral reefs, sits off the
northeastern coast of Australia in the Pacific Ocean. (3) Located within the much
larger Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, the reef is the largest geographical formation
of living organisms in the world. (4) It hosts many types of water habitats, making it
home to diverse marine life. (5) This colorful reef and its many inhabitants create a
spectacular sight. (6) The reef attracts millions of tourists every year. (7) More than
just a pretty place, the Great Barrier Reef provides plentiful sea life to study and
research. (8) The Great Barrier Reef is all of these things to Australia and so much
more.
(9) Although it now covers an area of 135,000 square miles, the Great Barrier
Reef started out much smaller. (10) Many years ago, when a low-lying coastal plain
was flooded by the rising sea, hills were partially submerged and gradually
transformed over time into islands. (11) Intense sunlight flooded the hard island
surfaces found within the shallow waters. (12) These surfaces were prime locations
for small saclike animals called coral polyps to attach themselves. (13) The coral
polyps reproduced and then died, leaving their skeletons behind. (14) Plants, algae,
sand, and small organisms began to fill in the spaces around the leftover materials.
(15) This process created a foundation where a colony of polyps could repeat the
cycle. (16) As the sea and wind continued to bring in new sand and organisms, the
coral reef grew. (17) This reef became a linear chain of multiple coral reefs, creating
a physical barrier that stretches about 1,000 miles along the coast. (18) Bigger than
the Great Wall of China and visible from space, this enormous organism is home to
many other smaller ones.
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(19) Several types of animals attach themselves to the walls of coral as if the
animals were part of the reef. (20) Marine animals, including protozoa and sea
cucumbers, help secure sand and plant algae to the reef. (21) Sponges and soft
coral living alongside bright red and purple plant algae provide stunning color along
the reef.
(22) The water surrounding the reef is teeming with life as well. (23) Many
animals, such as marine insects and about 500 species of worms, swim in areas near
the reef. (24) Microscopic plankton float freely and help feed many of the aquatic
animals. (25) Larger animals living near the reef include jellyfish, octopuses, and
saltwater crocodiles as well as over 1,600 species of fish, over 20 species of seabirds,
and about 30 species of marine mammals, including dolphins and whales.
(26) Animals large and small live close to the reef.
© iStock.com/blublaf
© iStock.com/KJA
© iStock.com/tane-mahuta
(27) The Great Barrier Reef provides many environmental and economic
benefits. (28) The coral reefs help protect the other coastline ecosystems, which
include forested floodplains, freshwater wetlands, and lagoon floors, from storms and
erosion. (29) The Great Barrier Reef also provides sources of food for millions of
people and serves as a good home to economically important fish species.
(30) Among these species are salmon, shark, and mackerel that supply commercial
fisheries, big game marlin that fuel sport fishing, and the colorful little clownfish that
attract snorkelers and divers. (31) Humans rely on the coral reefs for food,
recreation, and tourism. (32) The reef’s ecosystem is even explored by researchers
as a possible source of new medicines. (33) Such explorations highlight that these
coral reefs foster some of the most extraordinary underwater systems on the planet.
(34) Because of its global significance, the Great Barrier Reef is classified as
one of the seven wonders of the natural world. (35) In conclusion, the Great Barrier
Reef of Australia is a very cool feature of nature.
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1 What transition would be the most appropriate to use at the beginning of sentence 6?
A As a matter of concern
B For further evidence
C To wipe away any doubt
D For this reason among others
2 Candice needs a more effective thesis statement for her paper. Which sentence should replace
sentence 8 to serve as the thesis statement?
F There are other barrier reefs in the oceans of the world, but only the Great Barrier Reef is
so well known.
G The Great Barrier Reef of Australia is a supreme example of the mysteries of the natural
world because of its wide variety of plant and animal life.
H Some scientists believe the Great Barrier Reef first began to grow about 18 million years
ago.
J A coral reef like the Great Barrier Reef can grow only in shallow, warm water because it
needs light from the sun to survive.
3 Candice needs a topic sentence for the third paragraph (sentences 19–21). Which of the
following sentences should be inserted before sentence 19 to introduce the ideas in this
paragraph?
A Over time a vast array of creatures has come to inhabit the Great Barrier Reef.
B Marine animal species that are threatened are protected by the Great Barrier Reef Marine
Park Authority.
C The biodiversity of the Great Barrier Reef ensures its long-term existence.
D The waters along the Great Barrier Reef provide a habitat for marine animals that
researchers study.
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4 Candice may have a redundant sentence in the fourth paragraph (sentences 22–26). Which
sentence, if any, should be deleted?
F Sentence 24
G Sentence
25
H Sentence 26
J No sentence should be deleted.
5 Candice
would like to improve her concluding sentence by summing up the ideas she has
presented. Which sentence should she use to replace sentence 35?
A Finally, we must protect the Great Barrier Reef from being destroyed so future generations
can enjoy it.
B How much still remains to be discovered about the Great Barrier Reef of Australia is
anybody’s guess.
C Researchers should explore the oceans further to try to find other natural wonders like the
Great Barrier Reef.
D Attracting visitors from around the world, the Great Barrier Reef has a beauty that is
perhaps unequaled anywhere on Earth.
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Read the selection and choose the best answer to each question. Then fill in
theansweronyouranswerdocument.
Melody feels that students in her high school should start a mentoring program. She
has drafted a persuasive essay that she wants to submit to the school newspaper.
Read Melody’s essay and look for any revisions she should make. Then answer the
questions that follow.
The Case for a Mentoring Program
(1) They are continually telling us that we should become more involved in
the community by volunteering our time. (2) After thinking about this, I have a
suggestion that would not only help high school students get involved but would also
help elementary students in our district. (3) It would be helpful for our high school
to start a mentoring program.
(4) Many of the students at our high school have excellent academic skills.
(5) With a mentoring program, these students could put their skills to use by helping
younger students who are struggling academically. (6) My own sister attends one of
the elementary schools that feeds into our high school. (7) She is having a hard
time in math. (8) Her classroom is crowded, and she can’t always get the
one-on-one attention that she needs to understand a new concept. (9) She has told
me that she has many friends who also need help. (10) A mentoring program in
which high school students tutor elementary school students could be the solution.
(11) By using a mentoring program, struggling youngsters could get the individual
attention they need to master new concepts.
(12) According to an article published in the November 2005 Education World,
elementary school students raised their reading levels significantly in a short period
of time after being tutored by high school students. (13) Furthermore, volunteering
seems to have a positive influence on the high school mentors themselves. (14) As
students learn how to be good mentors, they focus on effective communication skills,
including how to share and how to listen. (15) Generally speaking, these skills are
valuable for everyone. (16) Additionally, mentors get the satisfaction of meaningfully
contributing to their community and future generations. (17) What student, at any
age, wouldn’t be proud to have that kind of influence?
(18) Because mentoring programs have proven to be so successful, they now
exist in schools around the country. (19) Some schools pair high school students
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with elementary students to practice computer skills, to play sports, to learn to play
a musical instrument, or to discover how to be a good citizen. (20) I propose that
our school begin by setting up a program that focuses on academic tutoring.
(21) Fortunately, starting the program would require only a few students available
and willing to help others. (22) I believe that many students would volunteer to be
mentors, which would help children at all age levels in our school district. (23) Our
high school has an opportunity to allow its students to influence the future today, and
it should do so by starting a mentoring program.
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6 Melody’s opening sentence is unclear. What change should she make in sentence 1 to clarify
her introductory paragraph?
F Change They to Teachers and leaders at our school
G Change
continually to always
H Change telling us to instructing us
J Change community to surrounding neighborhood
7 What
is the most effective way to combine sentences 6 and 7?
A My own sister is having a hard time in math attending one of the elementary schools that
feeds into our high school.
B My own sister attends one of the elementary schools that feeds into our high school
although she is having a hard time in math.
C My own sister, who attends one of the elementary schools that feeds into our high school,
is having a hard time in math.
D My own sister attends one of the elementary schools that feeds into our high school, she is
having a hard time in math.
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8 Melody needs a better transition into the third paragraph (sentences 12–17) of her essay.
Which of the following could she add before sentence 12 to improve this transition?
F In researching mentoring programs, I learned of several promising results.
G As
I think about a mentoring program, I have many ideas on how it should work.
H If struggling youngsters get the help they need, it could benefit teachers, too.
J Because I believe in the mentoring concept, I’d like to see it at our school.
9 Melody
would like to add the following counterargument to her essay.
Some students may say that they don’t have
enough time to participate in a mentoring
program because of other activities in which
they are involved.
Where is the best place for her to insert this sentence?
A Before sentence
5
B Before sentence 10
C Before sentence 13
D Before sentence 21
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Read the selection and choose the best answer to each question. Then fill in
theansweronyouranswerdocument.
Gabriella’s teacher asked her to write a persuasive paper expressing her thoughts
about owning a pet. Read her paper and think about any corrections she needs to
make. When you finish reading, answer the questions that follow.
Owner’s Best Friend
(1) Last year my family and I adopted a puppy, and it has been the most
rewarding and enjoyable year of my life. (2) I now believe from my own experience
that everyone needs a pet, and I am not alone in this belief. (3) In fact, experts
believe that by spending just 15 minutes with a pet, people can feel more relaxed
and enjoy a restful and peaceful state of mind. (4) Clearly, having a pet is benefitial
and can provide people with a healthier and happier life.
(5) According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, pets have a
positive influence on people’s emotional well-being. (6) James Griffin, an expert in
child development, says that when children were asked whom they talk to when they
are upset, surprisingly their pet was a common answer. (7) And children are not the
only ones to benefit from pets. (8) Pets can be a source of comfort and
companionship for people of all ages. (9) People feel safe when confiding in their
pets, without being judgmental, a pet will often sit compassionately by its owner’s
side for as long as is needed.
(10) Not all pets are created equal, though. (11) Although goldfish and
parakeets can be entertaining and wonderful pets, those that require more physical
interaction from their owners provide greater health-giving benefits. (12) When
people own a dog, for example, they are provided with many ways to exercise and
stay fit. (13) Since dogs need to be walked and played with throughout the day,
owners are actually exercising without even thinking about it.
(14) Caring for a pet also fosters a strong sense of purpose and belonging in a
person and can reduce stress. (15) As a result, people who own pets have better
heart health and live longer, according to a National Institutes of Health study.
(16) Whether separated from their pets for a few moments or many hours, owners
can’t help but feel needed and accepted when pets greet them enthusiastically.
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(17) The effects of owning a pet reach beyond the relationship between the
pet and the owner, too. (18) Owning a pet is also a fantastic way for owners within a
community to bond with each other. (19) Walking an attention-grabbing dog will
provide a person with opportunities to meet people and engage in conversation.
(20) Sharing stories about pets creates bonds between neighbors and friends that
can permanently alter their relationships. (21) This is one reason many cities are
opening parks and other public areas that are designated specifically for pets and
their owners.
(22) Perhaps one of the most convincing reasons for owning a pet is that
there is a perfect type of pet for each person. (23) No matter what someone’s
lifestyle or activity level is, there’s an animal friend for everyone. (24) There are 184
different breeds of dogs alone, all with their own unique needs and personalities.
(25) Long-haired breeds, like the Siberian husky, are more suited to life in the North,
while others, like the Chihuahua, are short haired and do better living in the South.
(26) Small dogs that need minimal space are more appropriate, for people who have
a small home or yard. (27) People who are away from home for several hours a day
need a self-sufficient pet, and a cat may be the perfect fit. (28) Even people who
travel for days at a time can enjoy a connection with an aquarium filled with colorful
fish.
(29) Owning a pet can be a rewarding experience unlike any other. (30) As
French poet Anatole France said, “until one has loved an animal, a part of one’s soul
remains unawakened.” (31) No matter what a person’s specific needs or lifestyle
may be, there is a pet just waiting to provide him or her with a bounty of joys and
benefits.
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10 What change, if any, needs to be made in sentence 4?
F Change benefitial to beneficial
G Insert a comma after people
H Change healthier to healthiest
J No change is needed in sentence 4.
11 What is the correct way to write sentence 9?
A People
feel safe when confiding in their pets; without being judgmental. A pet will often sit
compassionately by its owner’s side for as long as is needed.
B People feel safe when confiding in their pets, without being judgmental; a pet will often sit
compassionately by its owner’s side for as long as is needed.
C People feel safe when confiding in their pets. Without being judgmental, a pet will often sit
compassionately; by its owner’s side, for as long as is needed.
D People feel safe when confiding in their pets; without being judgmental, a pet will often sit
compassionately by its owner’s side for as long as is needed.
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12 What change, if any, needs to be made in sentence 26?
F Change minimal to minamal
G Change are to were
H Delete the comma after appropriate
J No change is necessary.
13 What change should be made in sentence 30?
A
Change poet to Poet
B Change until to Until
C Change one’s to ones’
D Change remains to remained
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Read the selection and choose the best answer to each question. Then fill in
theansweronyouranswerdocument.
Gena wrote the following essay
about an inspiring historical figure. Read Gena’s
essay and think about any corrections she needs to make. When you finish reading,
answer the questions that follow.
Flying to New Heights
(1) A true test of character is not how well a person can avoid obstacles but
how that person reacts when confronted by them. (2) Throughout her life, Elizabeth
“Bessie” Coleman was no stranger to societal challenges. (3) Her unstoppable
courage and will to persevere led her to become one of the first licensed female
pilots in the United States, as well as one of the first licensed African American pilots
in the world.
(4) Coleman was born in 1892 in Atlanta, Texas, during a time when gender
and race greatly influenced which opportunities were available to a person. (5) The
children of slaves, Coleman’s parents were illiterate, limiting how much education
she could get at home. (6) To make matters worse, her school was a one-room
schoolhouse that lacked essential resources. (7) Regardless, these factors did not
stop Coleman from learning. (8) She promised her mother that she would succeed,
consequently she walked the four-mile distance daily between her home and school.
(9) In the years after her eighth-grade education, Coleman went to Oklahoma
to attend Langston University. (10) Unfortunately, her limited funds have run out
after only one year, and she was forced to return home. (11) Afterward Coleman
decided to relocate to Chicago to be near her older brother Walter.
(12) In Chicago, Coleman first heard about the pilots fighting in World War I
and began to think about how she, too, could become a pilot. (13) However,
because Coleman was both a woman and an African American, none of the flight
schools that she contacted in the United States would admit her. (14) A friend then
urged Coleman to go to France to attend a flight school there. (15) Coleman studied
at the Caudron Brothers School of Aviation for seven months.
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(16) After dedicating herself to her studies abroad, Coleman became the first
African American woman to earn the school’s international pilot’s license. (17) In
September of 1921, Coleman, whom was now a proficient pilot, came back to the
United States. (18) Upon her return, the media went wild for Coleman and labeled
her “a full-fledged aviatrix, the first of her race.”
(19) In 1922, Coleman began to do stunt aviation, amazing audiences with
fearless flying tricks. (20) The public nicknamed her “Brave Bessie” for the ease with
which she completed these feats. (21) But Coleman’s work was not just about
earning money through entertainment; she was also making strides toward gender
and race equality. (22) She refused to perform at places that would not allow African
Americans in the crowd or that required the crowd to be segregated by race.
(23) Coleman relocated to Houston, Texas, in 1925 and began performing
mainly around the southern United States. (24) It was Coleman’s dream to use her
earnings as a stunt pilot to open a school for African Americans, so that they, too,
could study aviation in the United States. (25) Tragically, during a Florida
performance in 1926, Coleman died when her plane experienced a mechanical failure
and crashed.
(26) Although nearly a century has passed since her lifetime, the memory of
Coleman remains strong. (27) In her honor, the Bessie Coleman Aero Club was
established in 1929 to support the careers of African American pilots. (28) Similar, a
group of female African American pilots started the Bessie Coleman Aviators Club in
1977. (29) Then in 1995, the U.S. Postal Service created a Bessie Coleman stamp.
(30) In a statement at the time, the Chicago City Council, which led the movement
for the stamp, expressed that Bessie Coleman “continues to inspire untold thousands
of young persons with her sense of adventure, her positive attitude, and her
determination to succeed.”
Third party trademark U.S. Postal Service® was used in these testing materials.
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14 What is the correct way to write sentence 8?
F She promised her mother that she would succeed consequently, she walked the four-mile
distance daily, between her home and school.
G She promised her mother that she would succeed consequently she walked the four-mile
distance daily between her home and school.
H She promised her mother that she would succeed. Consequently, she walked; the
four-mile distance daily between her home and school.
J She promised her mother that she would succeed. Consequently, she walked the four-mile
distance daily between her home and school.
15 What change, if any, needs to be made in sentence 10?
A Change have
run to ran
B Delete the comma after year
C Change was forced to is forced
D Make no change
16 What change should Gena make in sentence 17?
F Insert a comma after September
G Change whom to who
H Change proficient to proficiant
J Change came to comes
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17 What change, if any, needs to be made in sentence 25?
A Insert a comma after performance
B Change the comma after 1926 to a semicolon
C Change mechanical to machanical
D No change should be made.
18 How does sentence 28 need to be changed?
F Change Similar to Similarly
G Change female to females
H Change started to would start
J Insert a comma after Club
BE SURE YOU HAVE RECORDED ALL OF YOUR ANSWERS
ON THE ANSWER DOCUMENT.
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WRITTEN COMPOSITION: Expository
Read the information in the box below.
A Gallup poll found that Americans are
20 percent happier on weekends than on
workdays. Americans also ranked working as
one of their least pleasurable activities, while
socializing after work was one of their most
pleasurable activities.
Although most people must structure their days around school or work, they still
prefer their free time. Think carefully about this statement.
Write an essay explaining the importance of making time for both work and play.
Be sure to —
•
clearly
state your thesis
• organize and develop your ideas effectively
•
choose your words carefully
• edit your writing for grammar, mechanics, and spelling
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USE THIS PREWRITING PAGE TO
PLAN YOUR COMPOSITION.
MAKE SURE THAT YOU WRITE YOUR COMPOSITION ON
THE LINED PAGE
IN THE ANSWER DOCUMENT.
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USE THIS PREWRITING PAGE TO
PLAN YOUR COMPOSITION.
MAKE SURE THAT YOU WRITE YOUR COMPOSITION ON
THE LINED PAGE
IN THE ANSWER DOCUMENT.
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Read the next two selections and answer the questions that follow.
A Baseball School for BigϣLeague
Dreamers
by Robert Benincasa
All Things Considered, National Public Radio
August 15, 2012
1 If you have ever dreamed of playing big-league baseball, chances are the dream
started to fade sometime in high school.
2 It gradually becomes clear: You won’t be starting in Game 7 of the World Series,
and tipping your cap after hitting a walk-off homer. So at some point you go
from player to fan—watching others chase greatness on the diamond.
3 But not every baseball dreamer is willing to give up so early. And in Bradenton,
Florida, there’s a place that lies somewhere between the Little League field and
Yankee Stadium.
4 It’s 90 degrees and sunny for an intrasquad game, one of the last of the year at
IMG Academies, a private sports school where dreams of baseball glory are
nurtured. Ketchum Marsh, a high school senior from Chatham, Massachusetts,
looks in from third base as a lanky sophomore teammate winds up on the
mound.
5 For Ketch, as he’s known, a passion for baseball began when he was 8 years old,
when his mother offered room and board for some players from college
baseball’s elite Cape Cod League.
6 The players started tossing the ball around with him and soon made him a
batboy. Ketch says they were like big brothers to him. Before long, he says, he
was captivated.
7 He remembers being fascinated by how the players and coaches talked and how
fans reacted to the game. “You kind of just don’t want to leave the field at the
end of the night,” he says. “You want to just keep going back. You just want to
stay there.”
Nurturing Potential
8 So, when Ketch was in the eighth grade, his mother sent him here, where
students spend half the day in the classroom and the other half on the field.
9 IMG baseball chief Ken Bolek says Ketch’s school debut was less than stellar.
10 “There weren’t a lot of things that just came naturally to him as an athlete,”
Bolek says, chuckling. “His first semester here, the coaches evaluated a
successful day by the fact that he wasn’t maimed or killed out on the field from
a lack of proficiency.”
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11 But four years later, Ketch is bigger and better—5 foot 11 inches and
192 pounds, with massive forearms from his training regimen.
12 Bolek says Ketch has surpassed other players who may have had more athletic
ability but lacked his work ethic.
13 “Ketchum Marsh is one of the most successful stories that will come out of IMG,”
Bolek says, focusing not just on baseball, but on life.
14 Most players here won’t ever put on a big-league uniform, but they come to IMG
trying to find and reach their potential. Virtually all of them want to play college
ball—Division I if they can make it.
750
Major League
6,300
Minor League
32,000
College
474,000
High School
2,000,000
Little League
Approximate number of players at each level of
baseball competition in the United States
(Data gathered from 2012 and 2013 records)
15 The pitcher on Ketch’s team, Cameron Varga, is already headed to Division I.
He’ll play for the University of Florida team after he graduates in 2014.
16 His fastball is in the low 90s, big-league heat territory.
17 As the game gets started, Varga strikes out the side in the first inning and trots
to the dugout. Pitching coach Dave Shepard is waiting.
18 “You struck out the side, and I'll give you that,” Shepard tells him, “but as a
starting pitcher you’ve got to know what the emphasis down the road for you is
going to be.”
19 Shepard, who pitched 11 seasons in the minor leagues, says Varga has great
potential. Now, Shepard is trying to set him up for the journey.
20 “[I’m] looking into the future for big things from him,” Shepard says. “He struck
out the side in the first inning, but he threw 20 pitches. As a pitching coach, I’m
looking for him to throw six pitches and get three outs and save 14 pitches for
later.”
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I
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Going Deeper Than Baseball
21 Baseball folklore tells us that the scrappiest kid on the sandlot has a shot at
going to “the show.”
22 But IMG is a long way from St. Mary’s Industrial School for Boys, the Baltimore
orphanage that produced Babe Ruth.
1
Tuition, room and board here for the
combined academic and sports program is about $70,000 a year.
23 Along with the price of admission comes the unvarnished truth about one’s
athletic ability and potential.
24 The coaches are positive and encouraging, but they don’t sugarcoat their
opinions. They don’t want to give any player false hope.
25 “We deal with reality on a daily basis,” says baseball chief Bolek. “We are not
sending the message that every one of our players are going to wind up playing
shortstop for the Mets.”
26 And there’s something else: Many of the coaches have given years to the game.
They see beyond young men’s dreams and deeper into their lives.
27 Bolek, who has coached in the minors, the majors and college, says his job is
not always about baseball.
28 “If we do a good job, stressing certain characteristics and traits that are
necessary for anybody leaving here to be successful regardless of what the
volition is, that’s the grand slam for us,” he says.
29 Today’s game ends in a one-run loss for Ketch and Cameron’s team. If these
young players’ dreams come true, it’s just a footnote in a long career in the
national pastime.
30 But the odds are long, even for the very best. Just 1,200 players are drafted
each year, and major league rosters have only 750 active slots. IMG says it’s
had 17 players drafted since 2006.
31 Ketch doesn’t think about the numbers. He pursues his goals a day at a time.
32 “The chances are, you know, there’s not a lot of kids that are going to be
making a living playing this game. If you think about the numbers, the
inspiration won’t always be there.”
33 Whether or not Ketch is destined for Cooperstown, this fall he’ll be doing what
he loves—playing baseball—for the Southwestern University Pirates in
Georgetown, Texas.
© 2012 National Public Radio, Inc. NPR news report titled “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” by Robert
Benincasa was originally published on NPR’s All Things Considered on August 15, 2012, and is used with the permission of
NPR. Any unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited.
1
Babe Ruth (1895–1948) is considered one of the greatest players in the history of baseball. He led
the American League in home runs 12 times and set many long-standing hitting records.
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I Believe in the Also-Rans
by Clive B.
This I Believe
December 2006
1 I believe in the also-rans.
2 As an English teenager I was schooled in an elite school where I was fed the
idea that I was better than others and that achievement and winning were
all-important. At school I was fortunate to win enough to balance all the times I
lost, and I began to believe in this idea. I survived and thrived.
3 After leaving the sanctuaries of high school and University and going out into
the workplace, I entered that real messy world where my progress was not
measured by an end-of-term exam or validated by my prowess on a sports field.
My life losses began to exceed my successes, and I began to think that there
must be more to life than winning.
4 It wasn’t until I became a parent that this thought became a strongly held
belief.
5 I am the proud father of a seven-year-old girl, Naomi. Her best friends since she
was an infant are two boys, Kean and Cyrus. Until they were old enough to start
school they would play together three full days a week—one day in each child’s
home. Every week I would enjoy the benefit of two days’ child care and one full
day with the three beautiful children.
6 Naomi and Kean have always been fast runners and very evenly matched, too.
Cyrus was slower to develop physically and was nowhere near as speedy as his
two playmates, but he loved to run and play just as much as the other two.
7 One day the three friends were at my house. Our family enjoys a large house
with a great running track. Indoor, wooden, fast with slick speedy
turns—through the living room, past the front door, veer right into the narrow
kitchen avoiding Mom, or more usually Dad, cooking, then a sharp right hairpin
turn into the brightly lit hall, picking up speed as they hurtle back into the living
room to start another circuit or to crash head-first into the soft, cushioned
couch, the finishing line.
8 One day the kids were racing around and I was sitting in the living room as
Naomi and Kean burst into the room neck-and-neck and fell joyfully into the
couch. Each bounced up loudly proclaiming, “I’m first, I’m first.” Several
seconds passed before Cyrus appeared, arms and legs pumping manfully, an
earnest look on his face. He too fell, face first, into the soft upholstery and
bounced to his feet, arms aloft to proclaim, with total joy and celebration, “I’m
third!!”
English
I
Page 29
Use “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” (pp. 26–28) to answer
questions 19–25. Then fill in the answers on your answer document.
19 Which sentence from “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” best supports the main
idea of the article?
A Tuition, room and board here for the combined academic and sports program is about
$70,000 a year.
B Most
players here won’t ever put on a big-league uniform, but they come to IMG trying to
find and reach their potential.
C He
remembers being fascinated by how the players and coaches talked and how fans
reacted to the game.
D Ketch
doesn’t think about the numbers.
20 Based on the article, the coaches at IMG can best be described as —
F concerned about the effectiveness of their coaching ability
G focused on becoming coaches at a professional level
H dismissive of the mistakes students make
J caring about the future success of the students
English
I
Page 31
21 Read this quotation from paragraph 13.
“Ketchum Marsh is one of the most successful
stories that will come out of IMG,” Bolek says,
focusing not just on baseball, but on life.
What evidence does the author present in the article to support the opinion expressed in this
quotation?
A A reference to Marsh’s work ethic
B An
anecdote about Marsh’s time as a batboy
C A description of Marsh’s training regimen
D Information about Marsh’s future plans
22 The
author wrote “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” primarily to —
F highlight the
reasons people pursue a career in sports
G persuade readers to support schools that specialize in training student-athletes
H inform readers about a unique school and the students who attend it
J convince student-athletes to enroll in a specialized school for sports
English I
Page 32
23 Read paragraph 21.
Baseball folklore tells us that the scrappiest kid
on the sandlot has a shot at going to “the
show.”
What does this sentence suggest?
A Baseball players understand
their potential at an early age.
B Determination and grit could get a player to the big leagues.
C Legends about baseball frequently inspire players to improve.
D Most major-league players come from humble circumstances.
24 What does
the graphic best suggest about the different levels of baseball competition?
F More athletes prefer playing college baseball than minor-league baseball.
G Most Little League baseball players participate in multiple sports when they reach high
school.
H Playing Little League
baseball is necessary to becoming a major-league player.
J Baseball leagues become more selective as players advance.
25 What can
the reader conclude from the interaction between the pitching coach and
Cameron Varga in paragraphs 17 through 20?
A The pitching coach wants his players to always strive to improve.
B The pitching
coach is mainly concerned about winning games quickly.
C Varga is confident in his ability to succeed in Florida.
D Varga’s number of pitches will decrease as his speed increases.
English I
Page 33
Use “I Believe in the Also-Rans” (pp. 29–30) to answer questions 26–32.
Then fill in the answers on your answer document.
26 What is the author’s purpose for mentioning the children’s race through the house?
F To illustrate that some children value fun above competition
G To emphasize that his child is athletically superior to her friends
H To highlight that children often disregard household rules
J To show that children lack concerns about safety when competing
27 Based on the information presented in the essay, what is one message the reader can infer?
A Avoiding competition is better
than participating when failure is certain.
B Being rewarded simply for participating belittles the efforts of the winners.
C Persistence ensures that a loser will eventually become a winner.
D Satisfaction comes from being dedicated and doing your best.
English I
Page 34
28 Read the following dictionary entry.
validate \Ɏva-lǨ-ɑdāt\ v
1. declare or make legal 2. prove
or confirm to be true 3. approve an
expressed agreement 4. mark with
an indication of being official
Which definition best matches the use of the word validated in paragraph 3?
F Definition 1
G Definition 2
H Definition 3
J Definition 4
29 The author includes quotations in paragraph 8 primarily to —
A highlight that Naomi
and Kean rarely agree
B emphasize Cyrus’s noncompetitive nature
C point out the author’s concern for Cyrus
D reveal Naomi’s and Kean’s athletic abilities
30 Which quotation
best expresses the author’s viewpoint about being an “also-ran”?
F At school I was fortunate to win enough to balance all the times I lost, and I began to
believe in this idea.
G Our family enjoys a large house with a great running track.
H Naomi and Kean have always been fast runners and very evenly matched, too.
J I believe in celebrating those that finish third in a three-horse race.
English I
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31 What can the reader conclude from paragraph 3?
A The author’s education did not fully prepare him for living in the real world.
B The author was better at sports than at academics while growing up.
C Educational priorities at elite schools differ from those in public schools.
D Students in England are required to attend school through the university level.
32 What is the main idea of the selection?
F Children usually develop friendships with others who have similar abilities.
G Parents should encourage their children to be active because fitness is important.
H People should celebrate their best efforts even if they don’t always succeed.
J People who consistently win competitions as children have lifelong advantages over those
who don’t.
English
I
Page 36
Use “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” and “I Believe in the
Also-Rans” to answer questions 33–37. Then fill in the answers on your
answer document.
33 Both Ketchum Marsh in “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” and the author of “I
Believe in the Also-Rans” —
A are frustrated by their limited athletic abilities
B are
natives of the same geographic location
C
have families that emphasize the importance of athletics
D
have attended exclusive schools that focus on achievement
34
Read this sentence from paragraph 2 of “I Believe in the Also-Rans.”
As an English teenager I was schooled in an
elite school where I was fed the idea that I was
better than others and that achievement and
winning were all-important.
Which sentence from “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” contrasts with the attitude
expressed in the sentence from “I Believe in the Also-Rans”?
F “You
kind of just don’t want to leave the field at the end of the night,” he says.
G “We are not sending the message that every one of our players are going to wind up
playing shortstop for the Mets.”
H Bolek,
who has coached in the minors, the majors and college, says his job is not always
about baseball.
J And
there’s something else: Many of the coaches have given years to the game.
English
I
Page 37
35 Which sentence correctly describes the organizational pattern used by the authors of the two
selections?
A Both selections provide definitions of key terms to add meaning to the texts.
B Both
selections include anecdotes as examples to support their main ideas.
C Both
selections use quotations from experts to support the main ideas in the texts.
D Both
selections use cause-and-effect to highlight the relationships between key ideas.
36
What do Ketchum Marsh in “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” and Cyrus in “I
Believe in the Also-Rans” have in common?
F Neither
is a natural-born athlete.
G Both become easily frustrated by failure.
H Neither has supportive adults in his life.
J Both hope to play professional sports.
37 What is the purpose of paragraph 32 in “A Baseball School for Big-League Dreamers” and
paragraph 3 in “I Believe in the Also-Rans”?
A To explain that early disappointment can often lead to long-term failure
B To point out the educational advantages of attending elite schools
C To emphasize that the realities of adult life often differ from early experiences
D To specify the most important qualities needed to become a successful adult
English I
Page 38
Read the selection and choose the best answer to each question. Then fill in
theansweronyouranswerdocument.
T. J. has moved from a rural area to a large city. After meeting the narrator and the
narrator’s friends on an abandoned rooftop where they regularly spend time
together, T. J. suggests they make a rooftop garden to grow watermelons. He hopes
the activity will bond them as friends as well as bring a sense of Alabama, where he
had his own acre of farmland, to his new home. The boys have established the
garden after much hard work.
from
Antaeus
by Borden Deal
1 Then an adult voice said behind us: “What are you boys doing up here?”
2 It startled us, for no one had ever come up here before, in all the time we
had been using the roof of the factory. We jerked around and saw three men
standing near the trap door at the other end of the roof. They weren’t
policemen, or night watchmen, but three men in plump business suits, looking
at us. They walked toward us.
3 “What are you boys doing up here?” the one in the middle said again.
4 We stood still, guilt heavy among us, levied by the tone of voice, and
looked at the three strangers.
5 The men stared at the grass flourishing behind us. “What’s this?” the man
said. “How did this get up here?”
6 “Sure is growing good, ain’t it?” T. J. said conversationally. “We planted it.”
7 The men kept looking at the grass as if they didn’t believe it. It was a thick
carpet over the earth now, a patch of deep greenness startling in the sterile
industrial surroundings.
8 “Yes, sir,” T. J. said proudly. “We toted that earth up here and planted that
grass.” He fluttered the seed catalogue. “And we’re just fixing to plant us some
watermelon.”
9 The man looked at him then, his eyes strange and faraway. “What do you
mean, putting this on the roof of my building?” he said. “Do you want to go to
jail?”
10 T. J. looked shaken. The rest of us went silent, frightened by the authority
of his voice. We had grown up aware of adult authority, of policemen and night
watchmen and teachers, and this man sounded like all the others. But it was a
new thing to T. J.
English I
Page 39
11 “Well, you wasn’t using the roof,” T. J. said. He paused a moment and
added shrewdly, “So we just thought to pretty it up a little bit.”
12 “And sag it so I’d have to rebuild it,” the man said sharply. He turned away,
saying to a man beside him, “See that all that junk is shoveled off by
tomorrow.”
13 “Yes, sir,” the man said.
14 T. J. started forward. “You can’t do that,” he said. “We toted it up here, and
it’s our earth. We planted it and raised it and toted it up here.”
15 The man stared at him coldly. “But it’s my building,” he said. “It’s to be
shoveled off by tomorrow.”
16 “It’s our earth,” T. J. said desperately. “You ain’t got no right!”
17 The men walked on without listening and descended clumsily through the
trap door. T. J. stood looking after them, his body tense with anger, until they
had disappeared. They wouldn’t even argue with him, wouldn’t let him defend
his earth-rights.
18 He turned to us. “We won’t let ‘em do it,” he said fiercely. “We’ll stay up
here all day tomorrow and the day after that, and we won’t let ‘em do it.”
19 We just looked at him. We knew that there was no stopping it. He saw it in
our faces, and his face wavered for a moment before he gripped it into
determination.
20 “They ain’t got no right,” he said. “It’s our earth. It’s our land. Can’t
nobody touch a man’s own land.”
21 We kept on looking at him, listening to the words but knowing that it was
no use. The adult world had descended on us even in our richest dream, and we
knew there was no calculating the adult world, no fighting it, no winning against
it.
22 We started moving slowly toward the parapet and the fire escape, avoiding
a last look at the green beauty of the earth that T. J. had planted for us . . . had
planted deeply in our minds as well as in our experience. We filed slowly over
the edge and down the steps to the plank, T. J. coming last, and all of us could
feel the weight of his grief behind us.
23 “Wait a minute,” he said suddenly, his voice harsh with the effort of calling.
We stopped and turned, held by the tone of his voice, and looked up at him
standing above us on the fire escape.
24 “We can’t stop them?” he said, looking down at us, his face strange in the
dusky light. “There ain’t no way to stop ‘em?”
25 “No,” Blackie said with finality. “They own the building.”
English I
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26 We stood still for a moment, looking up at T. J., caught into inaction by the
decision working in his face. He stared back at us, and his face was pale and
mean in the poor light.
27 “They ain’t gonna touch my earth,” he said fiercely. “They ain’t gonna lay a
hand on it! Come on.”
28 He turned around and started up the fire escape again, almost running
against the effort of climbing. We followed more slowly, not knowing what he
intended. By the time we reached him, he had seized a board and thrust it into
the soil, scooping it up and flinging it over the parapet into the areaway below.
He straightened and looked us squarely in the face.
29 “They can’t touch it,” he said. “I won’t let ‘em lay a dirty hand on it!”
30 We saw it then. He stooped to his labor again and we followed, the gusts of
his anger moving in frenzied labor among us as we scattered along the edge of
earth, scooping it and throwing it over the parapet, destroying with anger the
growth we had nurtured with such tender care. The soil carried so laboriously
upward to the light and the sun cascaded swiftly into the dark areaway, the
green blades of grass crumpled and twisted in the falling.
31 It took less time than you would think . . . the task of destruction is
infinitely easier than that of creation. We stopped at the end, leaving only a
scattering of loose soil, and when it was finally over, a stillness stood among the
group and over the factory building. We looked down at the bare sterility of
black tar, felt the harsh texture of it under the soles of our shoes, and the anger
had gone out of us, leaving only a sore aching in our minds like over-stretched
muscles.
32 T. J. stood for a moment, his breathing slowing from anger and effort,
caught into the same contemplation of destruction as all of us. He stooped
slowly, finally, and picked up a lonely blade of grass left trampled under our feet
and put it between his teeth, tasting it, sucking the greenness out of it into his
mouth. Then he started walking toward the fire escape, moving before any of us
were ready to move, and disappeared over the edge while we stared after him.
From “Antaeus” © 1985 University Press Of Mississippi. All rights reserved. “Antaeus” by Borden Deal first appeared in
Southwest Review. Copyright © 1961 by The Borden Deal Family Trust. Reprinted by permission of the author.
English I
Page 41
38 What does the point of view used in the excerpt help the reader understand?
F How the adults found the garden
G How T. J.’s reactions differ from the reactions of the other boys
H How long the boys worked on the garden
J How the boys agreed to help T. J. plant the garden
39 How is the first sentence of the excerpt important to the plot?
A It
foreshadows the resolution.
B It introduces the main character.
C It initiates the main conflict.
D It presents an unanswered question.
40 In
paragraph 30, what does the word laboriously mean?
F At great
cost
G For good reason
H Quietly and in secrecy
J Slowly and with difficulty
English I
Page 42
41 Read this quotation from paragraph 20.
“It’s our earth. It’s our land. Can’t nobody
touch a man’s own land.”
The irony of this quotation is that it calls attention to —
A the love
T. J. has for the outdoors while he is on a man-made structure
B the rooftop being abandoned and the men still caring about its welfare
C the fact that T. J. does not have the right to use the rooftop despite creating the garden
D the effort used to create a garden when it can be easily destroyed
42 What
is a central theme of the excerpt?
F Adults often
lose their sense of accomplishment as they age.
G People take pride in their work.
H People rely on authority figures to maintain order.
J It is important to recognize the value of green spaces.
43 What
does T. J.’s climb back up the fire escape in paragraph 28 reveal about him?
A He has
difficulty following rules.
B He enjoys being the leader of a group.
C He behaves in ways that others consider immature.
D He takes action once he makes up his mind.
English I
Page 43
44 In paragraph 25, why does Blackie say, “They own the building”?
F To help the men by supporting their claim
G To rally the boys to go against what T. J. has planned
H To indicate the limitations of what the men can do
J To convince T. J. that it is pointless to resist
45 In paragraph 32, what does the blade of grass represent for T. J.?
A A final remnant
of something precious
B The harvest he anticipated
C The new home he has found
D His friendship with the other boys
English I
Page 44
Read the selection and choose the best answer to each question. Then fill in
theansweronyouranswerdocument.
My Desk
by Debora Marsh
I give you my desk,
the white painted maple,
stately, with clean straight lines, three drawers on each side,
the one my father gave to me.
5 He carved his initials in the corner, he said, your great grandfather,
his father, punished him because of it.
He made him fill in the grooves with wood putty,
sand down the wood, and refinish the whole piece.
When he was done, he said it looked good,
10 and that it was a good desk; he used it right through college.
Later, I asked him to do the same, refinish it again,
paint it white to match the 1970s girls bedroom furniture
in the catalog from Sears, so I could put it in my room.
Reluctantly he changed it.
15 He sanded down the finish, erasing the indentations of the letters
and numbers he had etched over time.
When he placed it in my room, white enameled, fresh, like new,
I cried.
So happy to have that heirloom,
20 to have my own piece of history,
to have my own piece of my father.
I sat for hours, make-believing I was a college professor,
bank teller, school teacher, the boss.
I did my algebra homework sitting at that desk.
25 I wrote papers, love letters, and my first poems there.
It has been stripped and painted, broken and glued.
And now, I give it to you.
Older than you by far, it sits in your room
piled high with crayon drawings, coins, trolls, and hot wheels cars.
30 You’re still too young to do algebra homework.
But when you’re ready, and you want to use it as a desk,
together, we’ll strip the finish,
sand the wood,
rub out my etchings
35 and paint it to match your bright green and lavender dreams.
Used with permission.
English I
Page 45
46 Read lines 15 and 16.
He sanded down the finish, erasing the indentations of the letters
and numbers he had etched over time.
In line 16, the word etched most closely means —
F perfected
G imprinted
H remembered
J tarnished
47 What is a
theme of the poem?
A Children desire what their
parents value.
B Cherished objects can create connections between family members.
C What is extraordinary to some may seem ordinary to others.
D Old objects can be made new again by using imagination.
48 What does the
desk represent in the poem?
F The changes in style
that happen over time
G The pride that is found in caring for possessions
H The new beginnings that come with each generation
J The different ways creativity can be inspired in individuals
English I
Page 46
49 Which line from the poem best indicates that the speaker is ready to relinquish ownership of
the desk?
A Older than you by far, it sits in your room (line 28)
B piled
high with crayon drawings, coins, trolls, and hot wheels cars. (line 29)
C You’re still too young to do algebra homework. (line 30)
D and paint it to match your bright green and lavender dreams. (line 35)
50 What
tone is established in lines 22 through 25?
F Intellectual, because
the speaker refers to academic matters
G Playful, because the speaker quickly lists random details
H Nostalgic, because the speaker warmly remembers the past
J Hopeful, because the speaker refers to her childhood dreams
English I
Page 47
51 What do the speaker’s comments in lines 31 through 35 suggest?
A The speaker wants her child to find his or her own identity.
B The speaker wants her child to select a new color for the desk.
C The speaker believes her child deserves a new piece of furniture.
D The speaker believes her child will refuse to accept her offer.
52 The repetition in lines 19 through 21 is used to emphasize that the desk —
F contains messages
written long ago
G is worth a great amount of money
H is outdated in its appearance
J creates a timeless bond
BE SURE YOU HAVE RECORDED ALL OF YOUR ANSWERS
English I
Page 48
ON THE ANSWER DOCUMENT.
STOP
