Module 2: Energy Transformation

CO_Q3_Science6_Module2

Science

Quarter 3 – Module 2:

Energy Transformation

6

Science – Grade 6

Alternative Delivery Mode

Quarter 3 – Module 2: Energy Transformation

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones

Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Printed in the Philippines by _________________________

Department of Education – Region VI

Office Address: Duran Street, Iloilo City

Telefax: (033) 336-2816, (033) 509-7653

E-mail Address: region6@deped.gov.ph

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Marielle Grace A. De Oca and Edna Rose P. Gueco

Editors: Osward P. Acebedo

Reviewers: Robert Ordeneza and Ellen G. Dela Cruz

Illustrator: Ryan Oliver S. Arellano and Raymond Michael A. Gayatin

Layout Artist: : Marielle Grace A. De Oca, Ana Lorma A. Dahiroc

Management Team: Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma, Josilyn S. Solana

Gladys Amylaine D. Sales, Michell L. Acoyong

Elena P. Gonzaga

Donald T. Genine

Janalyn B. Navarro

Ellen G. De la Cruz

Edna Rose P. Gueco

6

Science

Quarter 3 – Module 2:

Energy Transformation

Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear

learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,

questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you

to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you

step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in

each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module

or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better

understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer

the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each

activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are

also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on

how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on

any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises

and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in

answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher

or facilitator.

Thank you.

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you

demonstrate how sound, heat, light, and electricity can be transformed (S6FEIIId-f-

2). The scope of this module allows you to use it in many different learning situations.

The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons

are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which

you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module is divided into the following lessons:

 Lesson 1: Forms of Energy

 Lesson 2: Energy Transformation

After going through this module, you are expected to

1. describe the different forms of energy;

2. cite some forms of energy present in various activities;

3. trace energy transformation; and

4. realize the importance of the different forms of energy in daily living.

Direction: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which form of energy does a moving object possess?

A. light energy

B. sound energy

C. chemical energy

D. mechanical energy

2. Which form of energy is transferred from one object to the other?

A. Heat energy

B. light energy

C. sound energy

D. mechanical energy

What I Know

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3. Which device uses chemical energy to produce sound?

A. generator

B. television

C. radio

D. microwave oven

4. Which example has chemical energy present in it?

A. electric circuit

B. light bulb

C. medicine

D. television

5. What form of energy can travel through a vacuum or an empty space?

A. electrical energy

B. light energy

C. mechanical energy

D. sound energy

6. Which of the following shows that electrical energy is changed to light energy?

A. hot iron

B. lighted fluorescent bulb

C. switching on the radio

D. a boy running after drinking water

7. Which energy transformation occurs in a flat iron?

A. electrical energy to heat

B. mechanical energy to light

C. chemical energy to sound energy

D. chemical energy to electrical energy

8. How does energy transform when strumming a guitar?

A. electrical energy to light energy

B. chemical energy to light energy

C. chemical energy to sound energy

D. mechanical energy to sound energy

9. Which of the following gives the correct order of energy transformation in a

burning candle?

A. chemical – light– light

B. chemical – light – heat

C. heat – chemical – light

D. heat – light – chemical

10. What is always produced when there is energy transformation?

A. chemical

B. electricity

C. heat

D. light

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Lesson

1

Forms of Energy

Energy is everywhere and it can do a lot of things. Energy is invisible. But,

how can we tell when energy is there? If you see children running on the street and

a light from the lampshade, hear a sound from the radio, or feel the heat of the sun,

you can be sure that energy is in action.

All living and non-living things need energy. It warms our planet enough to

make life possible. It enables people to do household chores or work in school. It

illuminates every home, operates appliances, and moves cars.

In Physics, energy is described as the ability to do work or make changes in

certain conditions. Energy can be classified in two types: kinetic and potential

energy. Potential energy is energy stored in an object at rest while Kinetic energy is

an energy in motion.

In this lesson, you will learn the different forms of energy such as mechanical

energy, heat energy, light energy, sound energy, and electrical energy.

What’s In

Study the illustrations below. Identify which activity involves the use of energy.

Which activities involve the use of energy? Explain why.

Photo credit to https://www.canva.com

Jogging

Cleaning

Walking

Cooking

Sitting

Sleeping

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Activity 1: FORMS OF ENERGY

Energy is everywhere. It comes in many forms such as mechanical energy,

heat energy, thermal energy, light energy, chemical energy, sound energy, and

electrical energy. Let us learn the different forms of energy by doing the activity below.

A. Prepare the materials listed below and follow the steps to understand more about

energy.

Materials: Pail of water, Stone

Procedures:

1. Fill the pail with water until almost full.

2. Throw the stone into the pail of water.

3. Observe what form of energy is present when you threw the ball and when it

hit the water.

Analysis Questions:

1. What gave you ability to throw the stone in the pail?

______________________________________________________________

2. What form of energy is present when you threw the stone and it moved?

______________________________________________________________

3. What happened when the stone fell into the water? What form of energy is it?

______________________________________________________________

4. If you kept on throwing the stone into the pail several times, how would that

make you feel? What form of energy would it be?

______________________________________________________________

B: Picture Analysis

Analyze and describe what you would see, hear, and feel based on the picture below.

What's New

Figure 1: Television set turned on

Photo Credit to https://www.publicdomainpictures.net

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Answer the questions below.

1. Use the picture above or the actual TV. What can you see and hear when the TV

is switched on?

__________________________________________________________________________________

2. Touch the back part of the TV. What can you feel?

_________________________________________________________________________________

3. What forms of energy are present in watching TV? Choose the answers from the

list inside the box.

What is It

Forms of Energy

The activity that you just performed represents different forms of energy. You

got the energy you needed to perform the activity from the chemical energy in food.

You were able to throw the stone into the water because your body converts chemical

energy into energy for movement (mechanical energy). You probably heard a sound

of splash when the stone hit the water. This is called the sound energy. Had you kept

doing the activity, you would notice that your body feels hot which would make you

sweat. This is heat or thermal energy. Read about the different forms of energy, their

characteristics and examples below.

Form of

Energy

Characteristics

Examples

Mechanical

Energy (ME)

It is the sum of energy in

motion and stored motion

by an object. All moving

objects possess mechanical

energy.

windmills, falling water,

dancing, playing, doing

exercises, and moving cars, etc.

chemical energy electrical energy

heat (thermal energy) light energy

mechanical energy sound energy

Illustrated by Ryan Oliver S. Arellano

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CO_Q3_Science6_Module2

Electrical

Energy (EE)

It is the energy possessed

by moving electrons that

lights the bulb, works all

appliances.

electric circuit, lightning,

transmission lines, turned on

appliances

Chemical

Energy

It is an energy stored in

bonds

of chemical compounds,

like atoms and molecules.

batteries, food, fuel,

matchsticks, fireworks,

medicines

Heat Energy

It is an energy in transit

(transferred from one body

to another).

Thermal

Energy

It is an energy due to the

movement of molecules.

Sun hot stove

Sound Energy

It is an energy produced by

vibrating objects

radio, television, cell phones,

musical instruments

Radiant or

Light Energy

It is a form of

electromagnetic radiation

produced by hot objects

that can be seen by the

human eye. It travels

through a medium or empty

space.

sun, lighted bulb ,candle, laser,

fire, and flashlight

The spoon

becomes hot

when put in hot

soup.

The pork

becomes cooked

after placing

near the fire.

Illustrated by Ryan Oliver S. Arellano

Photo credit to https://www.canva.com

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CO_Q3_Science6_Module2

What’s More

Activity 1: Forms of Energy

Match the form of energy in column A with the examples in column B. Write the

letters only.

Form of Energy

Objects which possess

Energy

_______1. Mechanical Energy

A.

_______2. Electrical Energy

B.

_______3. Chemical Energy

C.

_______4. Light Energy

D.

_______5. Sound Energy

E.

_______6. Heat Energy

F.

Illustrated by Ryan Oliver S. Arellano and Raymond Michael A. Gayatin

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CO_Q3_Science6_Module2

Choose the answer for each item from the words inside the box.

I learned that:

1. _________ is the ability to do work.

2. _________ energy is the sum of energy in motion and stored energy in

objects.

3. _________ energy is possessed by moving electrons.

4. _________ energy is stored in molecules or atoms.

5. _________ is an energy in transit (transferred from one body to another).

6. _________ is the energy due to the movement of molecules.

7. _________ energy is produced by vibrating objects.

8. _________ energy is a form of electromagnetic radiation that travels

through empty space.

What I Can Do

Thomas Alva Edison invented the electric light bulb. Think about what life

was before the invention of the light bulb. How does this invention make our life

convenient today? How would your life be if the light bulb was not invented? Write

your answer in a paragraph form.

__________________________________________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

Energy Chemical Electrical Heat

Sound Light Mechanical Thermal

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Assessment

Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following possesses mechanical energy?

A. a flat iron

B. a dancing girl

C. a glass of water

D. a lighted bulb

2. Which forms of energy is/are produced by a candle?

I. Heat II. Electrical III. Light IV. Sound

A. I and II

B. I and III

C. II and III

D. III and IV

3. Which form of energy is present when the television is turned on?

A. light

B. electrical energy

C. sound energy

D. all of the above

4. Which form of energy is stored in medicines?

A. light

B. sound energy

C. chemical energy

D. electrical energy

5. Which of the following are forms of energy?

I. Heat II. Light III. Shadow VI. Atom V. Electrical

A. I and III

B. I, II, and V

C. II, III, and IV

D. III, IV, and V

6. A form of energy that moving bodies possess.

A. heat

B. sound energy

C. electrical energy

D. mechanical energy

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7. Which form of energy is stored in a battery?

A. Light energy

B. Sound Energy

C. Chemical Energy

D. Mechanical Energy

8. Which of the following does NOT possess mechanical energy?

A. pushing a cart

B. pedalling a bike

C. tapping the drums

D. a lighted bulb

9. How is light energy different from sound energy?

A. Light energy moves slower than sound.

B. Light helps you see while sound lets you hear.

C. Light energy uses vibrations while sound does not.

D. None of the above.

10. All the following objects produce sound. Which one does not?

A. drum

B. guitar

C. light bulb

D. radio

Additional Activities

Sources of Energy

In the previous activity, you have learned that you can obtain energy from the

food you eat. Food, however, is not the only source of energy. The table below shows

the different forms of energy. Write at least 2 possible sources of each form of energy.

An example is given as your guide for this task.

Forms of Energy

Possible Sources

1. Light

Candle

2. Sound

3. Heat

4. Electrical

5. Mechanical

6. Chemical

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Lesson

2

Energy Transformation

The food that you eat provides you the energy to do work. You can run, walk,

swim, or do your homework and chores because of the chemical energy you get from

food. Even sleeping, breathing, and eating require some energy from your body. It is

important to note that the chemical energy that you get from food is not lost or used

up when you do those activities. It is simply changed into another form of energy.

The cells in your body break down the chemical bonds in the food and release the

energy from those bonds. You then use this energy to keep your body organs working,

move your muscles, ride your bike, or toss a ball. You might have observed that you

feel hot and start sweating after running, biking, or playing. This is because some of

the energy is transformed into heat.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or

destroyed. It may be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount

of energy never changes. Energy can be changed from one form to another such as

chemical energy into mechanical energy, heat energy, and many more.

Energy transformation occurs everywhere always. It can be observed at

sunrise. As the light of the sun reaches the Earth, plants absorb it to make their own

food. Light energy from the sun is transformed into chemical energy stored in plants.

In cooking, the chemical energy of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is transformed

into light and heat to cook food. Other examples where energy conversion takes place

are in a battery-operated car, waterfalls, roller coaster, cleaning the house, walking,

running, watching television, eating or chewing food, calling through cellular phones,

driving a car, and many more.

What’s In

Tell what form of energy is illustrated in the following pictures. Choose from the

options provided

Thermal Energy Heat Energy Chemical Energy

Light Energy Mechanical Energy Sound Energy

Electrical Energy

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1.

4.

Activity: Not wasted, Just transformed.

Energy transformations occur everywhere. Let us find out more about energy

transformation in this activity.

Option A: Do This Activity

1. Get a flashlight. Make sure the battery is placed in it as shown in Figure 1.

2. Turn on the flashlight. See Figure 2.

3. Observe the flashlight using your different senses.

Option B: Picture Analysis

Without a flashlight, analyze and describe what you would see and feel based

on the picture below.

What's New

Figure 1. Battery is

placed inside the

flashlight.

Figure 2. Flashlight is

turned on.

Figure 3. Flashlight lights

and warms up minutes

after it was turned on.

_____________

2.

_____________

5.

_____________

3.

Photo credit to https://www.canva.com

Illustrated by Ryan Oliver S. Arellano

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Answer the questions below.

1. When the flashlight is turned on, what energy transformation happened from the

battery to the bulb? Fill in the blanks with forms of energy.

__________ energy to ___________energy to ___________ energy and _________ energy

Based on the activity, what is energy transformation?

__________________________________________________________________________

What is It

In the activity, you have observed how energy is transformed from one form to

another. Transformation of energy occurs in the flashlight. The illustration below

shows the outside and inside view of the flashlight.

Figure 4: The outside and inside view of the flashlight.

Outside View Inside View

When the flashlight is switched on, the chemical energy from the battery is

transformed into electrical energy through the circuit, and then transformed into

light energy and heat released to the surroundings.

Figure 5. Flow of electric current in a circuit.

Illustrated by Ryan Oliver S. Arellano

Modified from https://www.canva.com

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In a simple circuit, the source of energy is the chemical energy from a battery.

Chemical energy present in a battery generates electricity as shown in figure 5. The

electrons are allowed to flow through the wire that creates an electric current.

Electric current that carries electric energy flows from the negative terminal towards

the positive terminal of the battery thus giving energy to the load (light bulb).

Fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, petroleum) are all derived from of the bodies of

plants and/or animals. In a power plant, these carbon-based fuels are burned to

generate steam or heat that turn the turbines. Turbines are large wheels that rotate

when pushed by steam, water, wind, or pressure. The turbines then drive the

generators to produce electrical energy. The electrical energy produced by the

generators is distributed to homes which is used to power our electrical appliances.

Hence, energy is not produced or made in power plants. Instead, it is simply an

energy that transforms from chemical (plants and animals) to heat to mechanical

(turbines and generators) to electrical to sound when we turn on our radio or TV,

heat when we use the flat iron, or mechanical energy when we switch on the electric

fan.

Aside from carbon-based fuels, there are other alternative sources of energy.

These are classified as either renewable or non-renewable energy sources (Table 1).

It is important to conserve energy because the fossil fuels that we use are limited and

emit harmful pollutants.

Table 1. Sources of Energy

Transformation of energy may also be observed by simply doing household

chores. When hammering the nail, mechanical energy is turned into sound energy

and heat energy as you continue hitting the nail. When ironing clothes, the electrical

energy from the source or outlet is transformed into heat that makes the iron hot. In

a boiling water, the chemical energy from the LPG tank is transformed into light

energy and heat that makes the water boil. At home, we use different appliances like

TV, electric fan, air condition, refrigerator, electric lamp, etc. All these devices

transform one energy to another form and release heat to the surroundings. The end

product of energy transformations is heat wasted. Heat is collected in the

surroundings and results in the warming of the environment.

Renewable Energy

Nonrenewable Energy

Wind Energy

Fossil Fuel ( coal, petroleum, natural

gas, oil)

Water

Geothermal Energy

Biomass Energy (Biomass Fuel)

Nuclear energy

Tidal Energy (Tides)

Solar Energy

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What’s More

Name the energy transformations for each illustration below. You may use the

words in the box as many times as needed.

Activity

Energy Transformation Taking Place

Example:

Electrical Energy to Light + sound energy +

heat

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

chemical electrical heat

light mechanical sound

Photo Credit to https://www.publicdomainpictures.net and https://pixabay.com/

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I learned that energy transformation is __________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________.

What I Can Do

A. Conserving Energy

Electricity plays a significant role in everyday life. Some of the sources of

electrical energy currently used are fossil fuels. Burning the fossil fuels to provide

electricity causes air pollution or landscapes to be changed or destroyed. It is

important to conserve electricity to lessen the bad effects it brings upon the

environment. Put a check on the items below which show (/) the different ways to

conserve energy and (x) to those that do not.

______1. Use a large heating pan at all times when cooking.

______2. Turn off unnecessary appliances when not in use.

______3. Avoid frequent opening of the refrigerator.

______4. Refrain from using air conditioner during cool or rainy season.

______5. List down all things needed before going to the grocery story.

B. Scenario

Car, buses, motorcycles. and other fuel-powered vehicles are our means of

going to school or work, buying food and supplies, and many others that require us

to go to distant places. But these vehicles are also the primary cause of air pollution

around the world. They give off toxic materials that can harm our health and

environment. They also release carbon dioxide gases which cause the warming of the

earth’s atmosphere.

Imagine that you live in the near future when fossil fuels are no longer

available. Can you suggest other sources of electrical energy? What would be the

consequences of using those other (alternative) sources of energy? You can draw your

vision of an alternative energy source of electrical energy.

__________________________________________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

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Assessment

Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which shows that chemical energy is changed to mechanical energy?

A. tapping the drum

B. plucking the guitar

C. switching on the light bulb

D. a horse running after eating grass

2. Which energy transformation takes place when running?

A. mechanical energy to light

B. mechanical energy to sound energy

C. chemical energy to electrical energy

D. chemical energy to mechanical energy

3. How does energy transform when tapping a drum?

A. electrical energy to light energy

B. chemical energy to heat energy

C. chemical energy to sound energy

D. mechanical energy to sound energy

4. Which is always produced when there is energy transformation?

A. heat

B. light energy

C. chemical energy

D. electrical energy

5. What form of energy is transformed to electrical energy if the powerplant uses

wind as its resource?

A. light energy

B. sound energy

C. chemical energy

D. mechanical energy

6. Maria used her cell phone to call her mother. After a few minutes, she felt the

phone getting warm. Which diagram correctly shows the energy transformation

that took place?

A. chemical light and sound

B. chemical electrical and heat

C. chemical light sound

D. chemical electrical sound and heat

7. Which of the following energy conversions occur in a solar-powered light?

A. heat to chemical energy

B. heat to electrical energy

C. light energy to electrical energy

D. light energy to chemical energy

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Photo credit to https://www.canva.com

8. It is the conversion of energy from one form to another.

A. Energy Saving

B. Energy Formation

C. Energy Conservation

D. Energy Transformation

9. Which energy transformation takes place when gasoline is burned in a car?

A. chemical → heat and sound

B. chemical → mechanical and heat

C. heat → electrical and mechanical

D. mechanical → chemical and electrical

10. Which energy transformation takes place when you light a candle?

A. chemical → light and heat

B. electrical → light and heat

C. mechanical → light and heat

D. chemical → electrical and heat

Additional Activities

Arrange the pictures in the correct order to show energy transformation. Write

numbers 1 to 3.

1.

Sound Energy Thermal energy Chemical Energy

2.

Electrical Energy Chemical Energy Light Energy

Illustrated by Ryan Oliver S. Arellano

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Photo credit to https://www.canva.com

3.

Electrical Energy Light Energy Mechanical Energy

4.

Chemical Energy Mechanical Energy Chemical Energy

5.

Chemical Energy Sound Energy Electrical Energy

Illustrated by Ryan Oliver S. Arellano and Raymond Michael A. Gayatin

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Answer Key

Assessment

1.

B

2.

B

3.

D

4.

C

5.

B.

6.

D

7.

C

8.

D

9.

B

10.

C

Additional Activities

Act. 1

A.

(in no particular order and