DoD Instruction 1010.16, "Technical Procedures for the Military Personnel Drug Abuse Testing Program," Effective June 15, 2020

DOD INSTRUCTION 1010.16

TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MILITARY PERSONNEL

DRUG ABUSE TESTING PROGRAM

Originating Component: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness

Effective: June 15, 2020

Releasability: Cleared for public release. Available on the Directives Division Website

at https://www.esd.whs.mil/DD/.

Reissues and Cancels: DoD Instruction 1010.16, “Technical Procedures for the Military

Personnel Drug Abuse Testing Program (MPDATP),” October 10, 2012,

as amended.

Approved by: Matthew P. Donovan, Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and

Readiness

Purpose: In accordance with the authority in DoD Directive 5124.02 and the policy in DoD Instruction

(DoDI) 1010.01, this issuance:

 Establishes and updates policies, assigns responsibilities, and prescribes procedures for the Military

Personnel Drug Abuse Testing Program (MPDATP).

 Promotes standardization and joint service operations among all Service forensic toxicology drug

testing laboratories (FTDTL).

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020 
TABLE OF CONTENTS  2 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
SECTION 1:  GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION .............................................................................. 4 
1.  Applicability. .................................................................................................................... 4 
2.  Policy. ............................................................................................................................... 4 
SECTION 2:  RESPONSIBILITIES ......................................................................................................... 5 
1.  Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness (USD(P&R)). ........................ 5 
2.  Director, Defense Health Agency (DHA). ........................................................................ 5 
3.  Executive Director, Force Resiliency (EDFR). ................................................................ 5 
4.  Secretaries of the Military Departments and Commandant, United States Coast Guard.  6 
SECTION 3:  ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS AND 
RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................................................................ 8 
1.  Director, Office of Drug Demand Reduction (ODDR). ................................................... 8 
2.  Director, FORTOX, AFMES. ........................................................................................... 9 
3.  Commander, United States Military Entrance Processing Command (USMEPCOM). . 11 
4.  Military Service Drug Testing Program Managers. ........................................................ 11 
5.  FTDTL Commanders/Commanding Officers. ................................................................ 12 
6.  FTDTL Deputy Commanders and Executive Officers. .................................................. 13 
7.  FTDTL Technical Directors. .......................................................................................... 13 
8.  FTDTL Expert Witnesses (EWs). ................................................................................... 14 
9.  FTDTL LCOs.................................................................................................................. 14 
10.  FTDTL Quality Assurance Officers (QAOs). .............................................................. 15 
SECTION 4:  TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP ............................................................ 16 
1.  General. ........................................................................................................................... 16 
2.  Preparation for Specimen Collection. ............................................................................. 16 
3.  Collection of Specimens. ................................................................................................ 16 
4.  Transportation of Specimens. ......................................................................................... 18 
5.  COOP During Catastrophic Incidents. ............................................................................ 19 
6.  Laboratory Security. ....................................................................................................... 19 
7.  Internal Laboratory CoC. ................................................................................................ 20 
8.  Specimen Receipt and Processing. ................................................................................. 21 
9.  Drug Testing. .................................................................................................................. 25 
10.  Initial Screening Test. ................................................................................................... 27 
11.  Adjunct Screening Test. ................................................................................................ 28 
12.  Confirmatory Test. ........................................................................................................ 29 
13.  QC and QA Programs. .................................................................................................. 33 
14.  Reporting and Records. ................................................................................................. 35 
15.  Disposition of Specimens. ............................................................................................ 39 
16.  Retesting of Specimens. ................................................................................................ 40 
17.  Specimen Bottle Requests............................................................................................. 41 
18.  Document and Information Requests............................................................................ 41 
19.  EW Requests. ................................................................................................................ 42 
20.  Cutoff Concentrations and Reporting Requirements. ................................................... 43 
21.  Information Technology Requirements. ....................................................................... 43 
22.  Laboratory Instrumentation and Equipment. ................................................................ 44 

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020 
TABLE OF CONTENTS  3 
4.23.  Laboratory Certification. ............................................................................................... 45 
4.24.  Drug Analysis Certification. ......................................................................................... 46 
4.25.  FTDTL Decertification and Recertification Processes. ................................................ 49 
SECTION 5:  DOD BTAB ................................................................................................................ 54 
5.1.  Organization and Management. ...................................................................................... 54 
5.2.  Functions. ........................................................................................................................ 54 
5.3.  Meetings. ......................................................................................................................... 55 
SECTION 6:  PROCEDURES FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE TESTING AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE 
PROCESSING OF APPLICANTS AND NEW ENTRANTS TO THE MILITARY SERVICES AND THEIR 
RESERVE COMPONENTS ................................................................................................................. 56 
6.1.  Testing Procedures. ......................................................................................................... 56 
6.2.  Required Testing. ............................................................................................................ 56 
6.3.  Timing of Testing and Evaluations. ................................................................................ 56 
6.4.  Testing Panel and Procedures. ........................................................................................ 57 
6.5.  Separation for Drug or Alcohol Dependency During Accession. ................................... 58 
a.  Voided Enlistment or Appointment. ............................................................................ 58 
b.  Enlisted Members. ....................................................................................................... 58 
c.  Officer Policy. .............................................................................................................. 59 
d.  Notification of Discharge. ............................................................................................ 59 
6.6.  Qualification and Disqualification. ................................................................................. 60 
SECTION 7:  SPECIAL DRUG TESTING ............................................................................................. 62 
7.1.  Special Drug Testing....................................................................................................... 62 
7.2.  Steroid, Anabolic Steroids, and Performance-Enhancing Drug  Testing. ...................... 63 
7.3.  Other Special Testing Requests. ..................................................................................... 63 
7.4.  SVT. ................................................................................................................................ 65 
7.5.  Over-the-Counter Supplement Testing. .......................................................................... 65 
GLOSSARY ..................................................................................................................................... 66 
G.1.  Acronyms. ...................................................................................................................... 66 
G.2.  Definitions. ..................................................................................................................... 67 
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 71 
 
TABLES 
Table 1.  DoD Discrepancy List ................................................................................................... 21 
Table 2.  Initial Screening Test Cutoff Concentrations ................................................................ 25 
Table 3.  Confirmatory Test Cutoff Concentrations ..................................................................... 25 
 

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION 4

SECTION 1: GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION

1.1. APPLICABILITY.

This issuance applies to OSD, the Military Departments (including the Coast Guard at all times,

including when it is a Service in the Department of Homeland Security by agreement with that

Department), the Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Joint Staff, the

Combatant Commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the

Defense Agencies, the DoD Field Activities, and all other organizational entities within the DoD.

1.2. POLICY.

a. Pursuant to DoDI 1010.01, drug testing will be conducted to deter Service members,

including those members on initial entry and on active duty after enlistment or appointment,

from abusing drugs, including illegal drugs, substances, and prescription medications.

b. Commanders will use drug testing to assess the security, military fitness, readiness, good

order, and discipline of their commands and may use the results for punitive and non-punitive

(e.g., administrative) actions, as appropriate.

c. Testing of foreign nationals employed by the DoD or attending U.S. military training

schools may be conducted:

(1) Pursuant to this issuance

(2) Only as authorized by intergovernmental agreements negotiated on a country-by-

country basis.

d. All personnel hired or assigned to the FTDTL, including contract personnel, will have a

satisfactory background check, a negative pre-employment urinalysis drug test, and verification

of education credentials and prior employment history. Indications of drug or alcohol abuse,

workplace violence, harassment, unprofessional, or unethical behavior are grounds for denial or

termination of employment, consistent with civilian personnel laws, regulations, and policies.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES 5

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1. UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR PERSONNEL AND READINESS

(USD(P&R)).

The USD(P&R):

a. Establishes DoD policies for drug detection and deterrence.

b. In coordination with the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, directs the prioritization,

allocation, and execution of counter-drug activity-appropriated resources to address existing and

emerging drug demand reduction requirements.

2.2. DIRECTOR, DEFENSE HEALTH AGENCY (DHA).

Under the authority, direction, and control of the USD(P&R), through the Assistant Secretary of

Defense for Health Affairs, the Director, DHA supports:

a. The roles and responsibilities of the Armed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES),

in accordance with DoDI 5154.30 and this issuance.

b. Execution of this issuance with standardized administrative measures, to include:

(1) Supporting a standardized information technology network enclave and a

standardized information assurance posture for the FTDTLs and the Special FTDTL (SFTDTL).

(2) Developing, identifying, and communicating standardized best administrative and

operational practices to the Drug Demand Reduction Program (DDRP) and FTDTLs to bridge

inter-Service differences and maximize efficiencies.

2.3. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, FORCE RESILIENCY (EDFR).

Under the authority, direction, and control of the USD(P&R), the EDFR administers the DDRP

by:

a. Developing procedures and standards for the technical aspects of the MPDATP.

b. Monitoring compliance with the technical aspects of the MPDATP by providing oversight

of the:

(1) Certification program and ensuring the quality and accuracy of the analyses

performed at each FTDTL.

(2) External quality assurance (QA) program for the DoD-certified FTDTLs.

(3) Biochemical Testing Advisory Board (BTAB).

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SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES 6

c. Approving the DoD authorized panel of drugs, to include:

(1) Drug panel additions and deletions.

(2) Changes to cutoff concentrations.

(3) Changes to testing rates.

2.4. SECRETARIES OF THE MILITARY DEPARTMENTS AND COMMANDANT,

UNITED STATES COAST GUARD.

The Secretaries of the Military Departments and Commandant, United States Coast Guard will:

a. Assign a drug testing program manager with technical responsibility for oversight of the

procedures used within the FTDTLs under the respective Military Department’s cognizance to

ensure that the minimum guidelines prescribed in this issuance are met.

b. Ensure the receipt of appropriate and documented training of personnel involved in the:

(1) Collection, handling, and testing of specimens.

(2) Review and interpretation of drug test results.

c. Ensure that procedures used in the FTDTLs are described in an operating procedures (OP)

manual that meets, at a minimum, the requirements of this issuance. The OP manual will

include, at a minimum:

(1) Procedures for:

(a) Specimen receipt and laboratory chain of custody (CoC).

(b) Conducting initial screening, adjunct screening, and confirmatory tests.

(2) Data acceptability and data review criteria.

(3) Internal quality control (QC) and QA programs, privacy and confidentiality

standards, and administrative procedures, to include a continuity of operations plan (COOP), as

detailed in Paragraph 4.5.a.

d. Ensure their respective Military Service use legally-supportable CoC procedures that, at a

minimum, conform to the requirements of Section 4.

e. Ensure that any forensic urine specimens, regardless of where they are collected, are

submitted to the FTDTLs using the procedures described in Section 4.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 2: RESPONSIBILITIES 7

(1) Specimens collected prior to confinement and in military rehabilitation programs,

solely for the purpose of monitoring abuse of drugs, may be submitted to the FTDTLs.

(2) Specimens collected solely for clinical diagnosis are not forensic specimens and will

not be submitted to the FTDTLs.

f. Develop and manage a medical review process (MRP) to review all positive drug test

results that could be the result of lawful or illicit prescription drug use.

(1) The MRP ensures that no adverse disciplinary action will be administered to those

Service members who:

(a) Possess a valid medical prescription; or

(b) Were otherwise given a medication during a medical procedure, for the drug for

which the member tested positive.

(2) For the purpose of this issuance, a prescription is valid for the period as written by

the prescribing authority to the concerned Service member only.

(3) Absent a specified time period when prescribed, prescriptions for substances

included on Schedules II through V of Section 812 of Title 21, United States Code, will be

considered expired 6 months after the most recent date of filling, as indicated on the prescription

label. For example, a prescription with a fill date of August 14th will be considered expired after

February 14th of the following year.

(4) Use of any controlled medication without a valid prescription will be considered

illegitimate.

(5) The Military Departments must have a procedure for transmitting the results of the

MRP to the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) within 90 days of the original FTDTL

result report.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 8

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL

QUALIFICATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

3.1. DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF DRUG DEMAND REDUCTION (ODDR).

Under the authority, direction, and control of the USD(P&R) and through the Director, EDFR,

the Director, ODDR:

a. Is a member of the Military Services in the grade of O-5 or above and must have a:

(1) Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree, from an accredited university, in:

(a) Toxicology;

(b) Biochemistry; or

(2) Minimum of 4 years of leadership or managerial experience in the FTDTLs or the

Division of Forensic Toxicology (FORTOX), AFMES.

b. Develops, staffs, and provides execution oversight for policy and resources related to the

technical aspects of the MPDATP, including updates to policy as recommended by the BTAB.

c. Coordinates the activities of the Military Service drug testing program managers to assure

efficient inter-laboratory cooperation between the Services to support best business practices

through:

(1) Standardization.

(2) Common analytical methodologies.

(3) Purchasing contracts.

d. Is responsible for the overall forensic integrity of the DoD DDRP.

e. Ensures that:

(1) QA incidents that significantly impact the forensic integrity of the testing process are

investigated; and

(2) The appropriate corrective or preventive actions are completed.

f. Designates a drug testing information technology program manager to achieve a

standardized and compliant information assurance posture across the DoD DDRP enterprise.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 9

g. Designates an FTDTL information management system (IMS) program manager to

provide management and oversight of the FTDTL-IMS.

3.2. DIRECTOR, FORTOX, AFMES.

Under the authority, direction, and control of the Director, AFMES, the Director, FORTOX,

AFMES:

a. Provides technical expertise to the EDFR through the Director, ODDR.

b. Manages external QC and proficiency testing programs for the FTDTLs, in accordance

with this issuance, that also include:

(1) Potential interfering compounds.

(2) Evaluation of the appropriate application of discrepancy codes.

c. Coordinates the external QA program, consisting of three annual inspections at each

FTDTL.

d. Develops FTDTL inspection requirements to include:

(1) Detailed instructions specifying how the FTDTL is to prepare for each inspection.

These instructions will include:

(a) A list of employees to be interviewed.

(b) Required documents to be assembled for review by inspectors, including:

1. Data and laboratory records packages, as detailed in Paragraph 4.18.

2. OP manuals.

3. Summary of testing methods, to include instrument identifier, linearity values,

method parameters.

4. Training records.

5. QA records.

6. Previous inspection responses.

7. Proficiency testing records.

8. Testing summary for each specimen selected for review.

(2) Defined roles, responsibilities, and expectations of the inspection team. The

composition of the team will be delineated with a minimal number of participants and

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 10

qualifications. Specific roles, responsibilities, and expectations for team members and all

evaluated areas must be defined and covered via a comprehensive checklist. Several inspectors

will be assigned as data auditors and all members will report to a lead inspector.

(3) Categorization of findings and corrective actions. Findings will be categorized to

ensure that corrective actions are implemented in a timely manner and consistent with the

requirements of this issuance.

e. Develops minimum FTDTL QA program requirements, in agreement with the:

(1) BTAB.

(2) Director, ODDR.

(3) Best-recognized forensic practices and standards.

f. Coordinates FTDTL certification and recertification actions for the drugs listed on the

DoD drug testing panel and forwards recommendations to the Director, ODDR.

g. Evaluates, through on-site investigation and document review, all significant non-

conforming events (NCEs) that impact the quality of forensic operations and forwards

recommendations to the Director, ODDR.

h. Serves as the non-voting chair of the BTAB. The BTAB functions are outlined in Section

5 of this issuance.

i. Develops minimum requirements for initial, revised, and periodic instrument and method

validation for initial screening and confirmatory tests, in agreement with the:

(1) BTAB.

(2) Director, ODDR.

(3) Best-recognized forensic practices and standards.

j. Conducts special drug testing, in accordance with Paragraph 7.3. of this issuance.

k. Oversees the operation of the SFTDTL to:

(1) Conduct testing for select drugs of abuse on the DoD-authorized panel of drugs (i.e.,

those with low prevalence rates, such as synthetic cannabinoids and fentanyl), subject to the

procedures and standards for the technical aspects of this issuance.

(2) Conduct surveillance testing to:

(a) Determine the emergence or prevalence of drugs of abuse in the military

population.

(b) Report on surveillance testing trends.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 11

(3) Develop and validate testing methods, procedures, and techniques for emerging drug

threats and disseminate these to the FTDTLs for adoption, when identified threats are added to

the DoD-authorized panel of drugs.

3.3. COMMANDER, UNITED STATES MILITARY ENTRANCE PROCESSING

COMMAND (USMEPCOM).

Under the authority, direction, and control of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for

Military Personnel Policy, the Commander, USMEPCOM:

a. Ensures that all applicant testing is conducted at a DoD-certified testing laboratory and

coordinates with that laboratory to maximize efficiency of testing, pursuant to Section 6 of this

issuance.

b. Notifies applicants of positive test results, encourages the applicant to seek treatment, and

provides them with a list of appropriate resources.

3.4. MILITARY SERVICE DRUG TESTING PROGRAM MANAGERS.

The Military Service Drug Testing program managers:

a. Are members of the Military Services in the grade of O-5 or above or civilian employees

in the grade of GS-14 or above and must have a:

(1) PhD degree from an accredited university in:

(a) Toxicology;

(b) Biochemistry; or

(2) Minimum of 3 years of leadership or managerial experience in the FTDTLs or

FORTOX, AFMES.

b. Serve as voting members of the BTAB.

c. Serve as representatives of their respective Service Secretary, coordinate and oversee their

respective FTDTL’s operations, and ensure compliance with all requirements of the MPDATP

by maintaining a Service-specific standard operating procedure (SOP) manual, when the Service

maintains more than one laboratory.

d. Provide input into the performance rating(s) of their respective Service FTDTL

commanders/commanding officers.

e. Provide resource oversight and contract support for staffing, equipping, and maintaining

FTDTLs that are capable of executing all technical aspects of the MPDATP.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 12

3.5. FTDTL COMMANDERS/COMMANDING OFFICERS.

Under the authority, direction, and control of their respective chains of command, the FTDTL

commanders/commanding officers:

a. Are members of the Military Services in the grade of O-4 or above and must have a:

(1) PhD degree from an accredited university in:

(a) Toxicology;

(b) Biochemistry; or

(2) Minimum of 3 years of experience in one of the DoD FTDTLs or FORTOX,

AFMES.

b. Are responsible for the forensic integrity of their individual FTDTL’s operations. While

the commander/commanding officer may delegate, in writing, his or her authority to subordinate

personnel for various FTDTL functions, the commander/commanding officer retains ultimate

responsibility for ensuring all operations of the FTDTL are held to the quality and forensic

standards set forth in this issuance and further defined in their individual OP manual.

c. Are responsible for ensuring their individual FTDTL’s OP manual is current and reflects

the standards described in this issuance and their individual Service standard operating procedure

manual, if applicable. All:

(1) Changes to the FTDTL OP manual must be approved by the FTDTL

commander/commanding officer.

(2) FTDTL OP manuals must be reviewed and approved annually, at a minimum, by the

FTDTL commander/commanding officer.

d. Establish plans that address procedures to be followed, if unusual circumstances impede

normal FTDTL operations.

e. Ensure that:

(1) All results from scheduled QA inspections, QA incident inspections, and investigated

NCEs are documented; and

(2) Any required corrective or preventive actions are completed and documented in a

timely manner.

f. Attain certification as an FTDTL final, positive laboratory certifying official (LCO).

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 13

3.6. FTDTL DEPUTY COMMANDERS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS.

Under the authority, direction, and control of their respective chains of command, the FTDTL

deputy commanders and executive officers:

a. Are members of the Military Services in the grade of O-3 or above and must have a:

(1) PhD degree from and accredited university in:

(a) Toxicology;

(b) Biochemistry; or

(2) Minimum of 3 years of experience in one of the DoD FTDTLs or FORTOX,

AFMES.

b. Fulfill the duties of the FTDTL commander/commanding officer, in the

commander/commanding officer’s absence, and by delegation.

c. Manage all aspects of daily FTDTL operations, including:

(1) Maintaining an adequate and trained staff.

(2) Monitoring and managing production throughput.

(3) Upholding best forensic and scientific practices.

d. Attain and maintain certification as an FTDTL final, positive LCO.

3.7. FTDTL TECHNICAL DIRECTORS.

Under the authority, direction, and control of their respective chains of command, the FTDTL

technical directors:

a. Are appointed, in writing, by the FTDTL commander/commanding officer.

b. Have a:

(1) PhD degree from an accredited university in toxicology, biochemistry, or a physical

or biological science and possess a minimum of 3 years of experience in forensic toxicology; or

(2) Master’s degree from an accredited university in toxicology, biochemistry, or a

physical or biological science and possess a minimum of 4 years of experience in forensic

toxicology.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 14

c. Maintain technical expertise in the science of forensic toxicology by regularly reviewing

publications in the peer-reviewed scientific literature.

d. Attain and maintain certification as an FTDTL final, positive LCO.

3.8. FTDTL EXPERT WITNESSES (EWS).

Under the authority, direction, and control of their respective chains of command, the FTDTL

EWs:

a. Are appointed, in writing, by the FTDTL commander/commanding officer.

b. Have, at a minimum, a bachelor’s degree from an accredited university in:

(1) Toxicology;

(2) Biochemistry; or

(3) A physical or biological science.

c. Complete a comprehensive training program, which includes but is not limited to:

(1) Attaining and maintaining certification as an FTDTL final, positive LCO.

(2) EW training.

(3) Knowledge of the requirements of this issuance, including certification requirements

for the FTDTL.

d. Demonstrate the ability to clearly communicate information regarding:

(1) Laboratory procedures.

(2) Forensic toxicology theory and practice.

(3) Pharmacology.

(4) The physiologic effects of drugs.

e. Maintain technical expertise in the science of forensic toxicology by regularly reviewing

publications in the peer-reviewed scientific literature.

3.9. FTDTL LCOS.

Under the authority, direction, and control of their respective chains of command, the FTDTL

LCOs:

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 3: ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE MPDATP – TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 15

a. Are appointed, in writing, by the FTDTL commander/commanding officer.

b. Have, at a minimum, a bachelor’s degree from an accredited university in:

(1) Toxicology;

(2) Biochemistry; or

(3) A physical or biological science.

c. Complete, before appointment, a comprehensive and documented training program to

achieve certification in all technical areas of the FTDTL. Training will include:

(1) Technical understanding of all testing methodologies.

(2) Forensic regulations used to process specimens.

(3) Criteria to review data and report results.

d. Maintain:

(1) Documented understanding of all technical areas of the FTDTL via annual

familiarization training.

(2) Certification(s) for all duties directly performed.

3.10. FTDTL QUALITY ASSURANCE OFFICERS (QAOS).

Under the authority, direction, and control of their respective commander/commanding officer,

the FTDTL QAOs:

a. Are appointed, in writing, by the FTDTL commander/commanding officer.

b. Attain and maintain certification as an FTDTL final, positive LCO.

c. Dedicate a minimum of 50 percent of work time to QA duties.

d. Are responsible for the overall management of the FTDTL’s QA program.

e. Seek continuing education on NCEs and other quality processes (e.g., Lean Six Sigma).

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 4: TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP 16

SECTION 4: TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP

4.1. GENERAL.

a. Procedures for collection of specimens will be established by the Military Departments

and will incorporate the basic requirements in this section. To achieve joint collections at sites

shared by multiple Military Services, the Military Departments will recognize as valid, and will

accept, specimens collected using practices and protocols from all Services, provided they meet

the requirements of this issuance. Military Services will implement on-site compliance checks,

as well as monitor and minimize discrepancy codes, which are assigned to document potential

faults in the collection process.

b. Specimen collection, custody transfer, and transport to the FTDTL must be pursuant to

Service instructions and must be documented on the approved CoC form—either the DD Form

2624, “Specimen Custody Document – Drug Testing” or USMEPCOM Form 40-8-3, “Urine

Sample Custody Document.” The Military Departments will ensure that documentation

produced during the collection process is maintained in accordance with Service records

retention requirements.

4.2. PREPARATION FOR SPECIMEN COLLECTION.

Service procedures will ensure that approved bottles are used for specimen collection.

a. Each bottle must be properly labeled with specific Service-required information to include

the member’s full DoD identification number (DoD ID) and the member’s signed initials

verifying the accuracy of the DoD ID and attribution of the specimen to the member. The

acceptable DoD ID is the Electronic Data Interchange – Personal Identifier.

b. The social security number (SSN) is only acceptable as the specimen identification in

limited cases where a DoD ID has not been issued to the specimen donor.

c. The member’s name must not be part of the information on the specimen bottle, CoC, or

other documentation submitted to the FTDTL; however, other information regarding collection

may be included (e.g., base area code, unit identifiers, date of collection).

4.3. COLLECTION OF SPECIMENS.

Military Services’ procedures will ensure that:

a. The volume of urine collected exceeds 30 milliliters, but is not greater than the maximum

fill level indicated on the collection bottle (i.e., 75 milliliters).

(1) Volumes less than 30 milliliters will be screened but may limit the extent of testing

conducted on poly-drug positive specimens. A specimen with a volume less than 30 milliliters

will be reported with a testable discrepancy to the submitting command. If the specimen volume

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 4: TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP 17

upon arrival at the FTDTL is insufficient for testing, a non-testable discrepancy will be reported

to the submitting command.

(2) A specimen with volume greater than the maximum fill level indicated on the

collection bottle risks the potential for specimen loss. Any such leakage will be reported using

the appropriate discrepancies described in Paragraphs 4.8.b.-c.

(3) Urine is the only type of specimen tested at the FTDTLs.

b. Specimens are to be collected under the direct observation of a designated and properly-

trained individual with the same gender marker in the Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting

System as the Service member providing the specimen.

(1) Commanders have discretion to take additional steps to promote privacy, provided

those steps do not undermine the integrity of the program. However, all collections must be

directly observed by watching the urine leave the body and enter the bottle, including all

intermediate and final containers, if used.

(2) CoC procedures are designed to ensure the security of, and accountability for,

specimens during all aspects of collection, storage, and transportation to the FTDTL.

(3) Service requirements for collection event policy (e.g., quotas, scheduling,

observation, storage, transportation) are established by the Military Departments.

c. Each individual to be tested presents proof of identity.

(1) The Service member submitting the specimen will:

(a) Provide an unadulterated specimen.

(b) Verify that the DoD ID is accurately recorded on the CoC form and bottle label.

(d) Sign the corresponding entry in the collection record.

(2) The collector will also verify this information by direct comparison of the

identification provided and will affix the label to the specimen bottle only after the:

(a) Service member has urinated directly into the specimen bottle; or

(b) Service member’s urine has been poured from a urine collection cup into the

specimen bottle.

(3) Tamper-evident tape will be placed over the lid of the specimen bottle in the presence

of the member and attached securely to the bottle label. This tape must contact the bottle label at

both ends. Other types of tape will not be used for this purpose

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d. In addition to the Service member submitting the specimen, a second individual (e.g., an

additional collector, assistant collector, officer, non-commissioned officer, or designated

civilian) at each urinalysis specimen collection site conducts a secondary review of each capped

and labeled specimen bottle to ensure compliance with this issuance. The individual charged to

execute this secondary review will verify that the lid of each bottle is tightly secured and

properly sealed. The conduct of this secondary review will be marked on applicable CoC or

collection documents, in accordance with Service requirements.

e. The appropriate CoC form is properly completed and the collection record is properly

documented with Service-required information, including the:

(1) Name and signature of the Service member.

(2) Name of the observer.

f. Collection documentation is retained in accordance with Service records retention

requirements.

4.4. TRANSPORTATION OF SPECIMENS.

In accordance with the requirements of Section 346.326 of U.S. Postal Service Publication 52,

Service procedures must ensure that:

a. The lids of all specimen bottles forwarded to an FTDTL for testing are securely tightened

and properly sealed. Each bottle must be enclosed in an individual, leak-proof, secondary

container (i.e., a sealable plastic bag) to prevent and contain leakage. The secondary container(s)

must contain sufficient absorbent material to absorb the entire specimen’s contents in case of

leakage.

b. When the bottle label and the accompanying CoC form with one-dimensional barcodes

are used, the original CoC form is shipped with the specimen(s) and a copy of the original CoC

is maintained at the collection site in accordance with Service requirements. When a bottle label

and the accompanying CoC form with two-dimensional barcodes are used, no CoC form is

submitted with the specimen(s) and the original and any copies are maintained at the collection

site in accordance with Service requirements.

c. Each shipping package is sealed. Except for Military Entrance Processing Station

(MEPS) collections, the signature or initials of the collection coordinator, or other appropriate

individual, must be annotated across the package seal to ensure the integrity of the specimen

packaging. This requirement applies to all methods of transportation, including specimens hand-

delivered to the FTDTLs.

d. Packages are transported to the FTDTL via:

(1) The U.S. Postal Service;

(2) Commercial air freight;

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(3) Air express;

(4) Surface transportation;

(5) The Air Mobility Command;

(6) The United States Transportation Command; or

(7) Hand-delivery.

4.5. COOP DURING CATASTROPHIC INCIDENTS.

a. Each FTDTL will have a documented COOP in the event of a catastrophic incident (e.g.,

hurricane, tornado, flood, fire, earthquake, pandemic) during which FTDTL operations are

temporarily suspended. The FTDTL network and FTDTL operations may also be adversely

impacted by other events, such as:

(1) Personnel shortages;

(2) Extreme number of specimen submissions;

(3) Laboratory relocations; or

(4) Computer hardware and software failure.

b. The FTDTL must anticipate such events and establish an emergency notification, shelter,

and recovery plan that is detailed in the FTDTL COOP. The COOP will include workforce

measures to maximize the use of facilities and equipment by expanding work schedules and

shifts, as allowed by human resource management rules and regulations. Each FTDTL’s COOP

will be tested periodically by conducting evacuation and shelter drills, personnel recall, and other

exercises.

c. When FTDTL operations cannot be restored within 5 work days, the responsible Military

Service drug testing program manager will coordinate with the Director, ODDR, and the other

Military Service drug testing program managers, to redistribute specimen submissions to other

FTDTLs. Each incident will be assessed to determine the proper utilization of manpower and

resources in order to resume FTDTL operations, when feasible and as quickly as possible.

4.6. LABORATORY SECURITY.

a. The security of urine specimens, and aliquots thereof, subject to testing will be maintained

at all times to secure them against possible contamination, adulteration, loss, or tampering.

Access to, and the number of, individuals involved in the processing of specimens or aliquots

will be kept to a minimum.

b. The FTDTL commander/commanding officer will delineate in writing, or by electronic

means, the individuals with authorized entry to each limited access area of the FTDTL.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

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(1) For each of the limited access areas, the entry and exit of authorized personnel will

be documented, preferably by an electronic security access system.

(2) Limited access areas will be designated by the FTDTL commander/commanding

officer and will include, at a minimum:

(a) The areas of specimen processing or accessioning sections.

(b) All testing areas.

or refrigerators used for such purposes.

(d) Drug testing document processing and archival areas.

(3) Visitors to any limited access area must be escorted at all times by an individual who

is authorized access to that area. Access logs or memoranda for record (MFRs) will reflect the

date, time, visitors, FTDTL escort, and purpose of the visit.

c. The FTDTL will have physical security measures to include, but not limited to, intrusion

alarm systems, camera monitors and recording devices, motion detectors, card access, and card

entry tracking. A physical security inspection of the FTDTL will be conducted annually by an

organization authorized by the Service to conduct such inspections. A copy of the annual

security inspection report will be available for review by DoD certification inspection teams.

d. Security records (e.g., entry logs, security video, electronic key card assignment and card

activity) must be retained for the same time period as required for positive results data.

4.7. INTERNAL LABORATORY COC.

a. All individuals involved in the processing of specimens or aliquots will be documented on

a CoC. Specimens and aliquots must always be:

(1) In the possession of an authorized FTDTL employee;

(2) In a secured storage area; or

(3) Assigned to an instrument on which specimens are tested or processed.

b. Specimens or aliquots are considered to be in the custody of an authorized FTDTL

employee, as long as the employee remains in the same secured, limited access area of the

laboratory as the specimens or aliquots. If the employee leaves this area, custody must be

transferred to:

(1) Another employee;

(2) Secure temporary storage, or

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(3) The appropriate laboratory instrumentation.

c. Custody must always be transferred to the screening analyzer, mass spectrometer, or other

instruments during processing and analysis.

d. Internal laboratory CoC forms, whether paper or electronic, will be used to document all

specimen and aliquot custody transfers during processing, storage, and disposal. CoC forms will

reflect the date of the transfer, the releaser, the receiver, and the purpose of the transfer.

e. Individual specimens are tracked using a unique laboratory accession number (LAN). The

unique LAN is originally assigned to the specimen upon receipt at the FTDTL. A batch CoC

form will accompany a batch of specimens or aliquots throughout each testing process to

document and track handling and testing steps.

f. Custody documentation for aliquots sent to another laboratory is described in

Paragraph 4.16.e. of this issuance.

4.8. SPECIMEN RECEIPT AND PROCESSING.

Specimens arriving at the FTDTL will be transferred, with the original packaging intact, to the

specimen processing area. Specimen processing personnel will:

a. Examine the package, specimen, and CoC, if applicable, to identify and document

submission discrepancies, and document the date of receipt of the specimens at the FTDTL. To

achieve the policy set forth in Paragraphs 1.2.a.-b., each Service will maximize testing and

reporting of results by complying with the list of discrepancy codes (Table 1) established by the

Director, ODDR. The Military Services may impose more stringent testability standards (i.e.,

not test), provided a new specimen is submitted from the applicable Service member(s) within 72

hours of result notification, or as soon as practical.

Table 1. DoD Discrepancy List

Source

Code

Description

Disposition

Bottle

Bottle / container unauthorized

TESTED

Bottle leaked in shipment

NOT TESTED

Bottle leaked in shipment, quantity not sufficient to test

NOT TESTED

Bottle - broken seal

TESTED

Bottle - no seal

TESTED

Bottle - two seals, no explanation

TESTED

Bottle leaked in shipment, within secondary container only

TESTED

Bottle empty - appears to have never contained urine

NOT TESTED

Bottle discrepancy - record other reason

TESTED

Bottle discrepancy - record other reason

NOT TESTED

Specimen

Specimen appears to be adulterated

NOT TESTED*

Specimen appears to be adulterated

TESTED**

Specimen quantity not sufficient to test

NOT TESTED

Specimen volume < 30 mL

TESTED

Specimen discrepancy - record other reason

TESTED

Specimen discrepancy - record other reason

NOT TESTED

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

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Table 1. DoD Discrepancy List, Continued

Source

Code

Description

Disposition

Custody Form

Form - UIC or base/area code discrepant***/differs from bottle

TESTED

Form - date specimen collected discrepant***/differs from bottle

TESTED

Form not received

TESTED

Form received separately from bottle

TESTED

Form CoC entries discrepant***

TESTED

Form listed specimen, no bottle received

NOT TESTED

Form did not list specimen, bottle received

TESTED

Form on two pieces of paper - no linking identifiers

TESTED

Form - DoD ID discrepant***

TESTED

Form or other document shows Service member's name/signature

TESTED

Form marked void for received specimen

TESTED

Form discrepancy - record other reason

TESTED

Form discrepancy - record other reason

NOT TESTED

Package

Package - no seal

TESTED

Package - broken seal

TESTED

Package missing signature / date

TESTED

Package - leakage noted

TESTED

Package - improperly packaged

TESTED

Package - leakage noted

NOT TESTED

Package discrepancy - record other reason

TESTED

Package discrepancy - record other reason

NOT TESTED

Label

Label missing / blank

TESTED

Label over label

TESTED

Label - collection date discrepant***

TESTED

Label - Service member’s initials discrepant***

TESTED

Label - collector or observer’s initials discrepant***

TESTED

Label - DoD ID does not match form

TESTED

Label has Service member’s name/signature

TESTED

Label - DoD ID discrepant***

TESTED

SSN Received as DoD ID

TESTED

SSN Received as DoD ID

NOT TESTED

Label discrepancy - record other reason

TESTED

Label discrepancy - record other reason

NOT TESTED

2D Barcode

2D barcode does not read / scan

TESTED

Form 2624 received with a 2D specimen

TESTED

2D label contains handwritten information

TESTED

2D barcode has mis-matched information (label vs. scan)

TESTED

Memo received with 2D specimen - corrected information

TESTED

Other

Laboratory technical discrepancy - record other reason

TESTED

Laboratory technical discrepancy - record other reason

NOT TESTED

* Not tested for drugs of abuse, but specimen validity testing will be conducted

** Tested for drugs of abuse and specimen validity testing will be conducted

*** Discrepant = Incorrect, incomplete, illegible, missing, overwritten, not original, or not forensically corrected

b. Inspect and document current or past leakage. As soon as practicable after receipt, on first

opening any shipping package (i.e., a box or container designed to hold as few as one and as

many as twelve individual urine specimen bottles), an FTDTL inspecting official (e.g.,

accessioning technician) will carefully inspect each enclosed specimen bottle and the shipping

package for signs of current or past leakage. Detecting signs of current or past leakage requires

keen observation and assessment by the inspecting official. Signs of current or past leakage may

include:

(1) Wetness on:

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(a) A specimen bottle;

(b) The packing materials; or

(2) Wetness on or in:

(a) An individual leak-proof secondary container in which a single specimen bottle is

enclosed; or

(b) The shipping package.

(3) The discoloration or distortion (e.g., wrinkling, smearing) of the:

(a) Label on a urine specimen bottle or shipping package;

(b) Shipping package itself;

(d) Document(s) enclosed in the shipping package.

(4) Signs of crystallization from minerals/urea:

(a) On a urine specimen bottle, the packing materials, or on any document(s)

enclosed in the shipping package; or

(b) On or in:

1. An individual leak-proof secondary container in which a specimen bottle is

enclosed; or

2. The shipping package.

c. Apply the appropriate discrepancy code, when the FTDTL inspecting official detects any

sign of current or past leakage in conducting their inspection, in accordance with Paragraph

4.8.b.

(1) PH – Package Leakage Noted.

(a) The PH discrepancy code will be assigned to each specimen bottle in the shipping

package, when the inspecting official determines that there exists any possibility that leakage or

wetness associated with any bottle or its individual leak-proof secondary container (as

applicable) affected:

1. Any other specimen bottle or secondary container;

2. The shipping package;

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3. Packing materials; or

4. Any document enclosed in the shipping package.

(b) Aliquots derived from a specimen bottle coded as PH may be tested, provided

that testing is not precluded by another non-testable discrepancy code assigned to the same

specimen.

standard at Service discretion.

(2) BK – Bottle Leaked in Shipment, Within Secondary Container Only.

(a) The BK discrepancy code will be assigned to any individual specimen bottle that

shows signs of current or past leakage or wetness. This code is only assigned when the

inspecting official determines that two conditions are met:

1. All of the leakage or wetness associated with that bottle is contained within its

individual leak-proof secondary container, as applicable.

2. None of the leakage or wetness has affected any other specimen bottle or

secondary container, the shipping package, packing materials, or any document enclosed in the

shipping package.

(b) Aliquots derived from a specimen bottle coded as BK may be tested, provided

that testing is not precluded by another non-testable discrepancy code assigned to the same

specimen.

this standard at Service discretion.

(3) PH and BK Discrepancy Codes.

If a specimen bottle meets criteria for the assignment of both the PH and BK discrepancy

codes, both discrepancy codes will be assigned.

d. Link to one another, through documentation in appropriate laboratory records, all

specimen bottles received in the same shipping package, and any urine aliquots derived

therefrom. Any aliquots derived therefrom will be processed in the same screening batch. This

documentation will be generated, tracked, and maintained in the laboratory IMS (LIMS) as part

of the CoC or other similar documentation, to ensure that the FTDTL and any other person or

organization can identify and track all specimen bottles, and any aliquot derived therefrom, that

were received in the same shipping package.

e. Assign a unique LAN to each specimen.

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4.9. DRUG TESTING.

a. The DoD-authorized panel of drugs to be routinely tested at the FTDTLs and their

respective initial screening and confirmatory cutoff concentrations are shown in Tables 2 and 3,

respectively.

Table 2. Initial Screening Test Cutoff Concentrations

Drug Class

Cutoff

nanograms/milliliter

(ng/mL)*

Amphetamines

500

Designer Amphetamines

500

Benzodiazepines

200

Cannabinoids (Marijuana)

Synthetic Cannabinoids

Cocaine Metabolites

150

Opioids (Morphine / Codeine)

2,000

Opioids (Heroin metabolite 6-monoacetylmorphine)

Opioids (Oxycodone / Oxymorphone)

100

Opioids (Hydrocodone / Hydromorphone)

300

Opioids (Fentanyl / Norfentanyl)

1.0

*Value given is immunoassay (IA) cutoff. For mass-spectrometry (MS) based screening, the confirmation

cutoff in Table 3 will be used, when technically possible.

Table 3. Confirmatory Test Cutoff Concentrations

Initial

Presumptive

Positive Test

Confirmation Drug / Metabolite

Cutoff

(ng/mL)

Reported Drug Use

Amphetamines

d-Amphetamine

100

d-Amphetamine

d-Methamphetamine

100

d-Methamphetamine

Designer

Amphetamines

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

500

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine

500

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine

Benzodiazepines

Lorazepam

100

Lorazepam

Nordiazepam

100

Nordiazepam

Oxazepam

100

Oxazepam

Temazepam

100

Temazepam

α-hydroxy-Alprazolam

100

α - hydroxy-alprazolam

Cannabinoids

11-nor-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-

carboxylic acid

11-nor-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-

carboxylic acid

Synthetic

Cannabinoids

Illicit synthetic cannabinoids derived from

the following classes of compounds:

Naphthoylindole cannabinoids

1.0

Synthetic cannabinoid (SYCAN)

Alkoylindole cannabinoids

1.0

SYCAN

Indole carboxylate cannabinoids

1.0

SYCAN

Indole carboxamide cannabinoids

1.0

SYCAN

Indazole carboxamide cannabinoids

1.0

SYCAN

Including indene, pyrrole, benzimidazole,

azaindole, naphthalene, thiazolidene,

carbazole, pyrrolo-benzoxazine,

adamantoyl, and other cannabinoid

derivatives

1.0

SYCAN

Cocaine

Metabolites

Benzoylecgonine

100

Cocaine

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Table 3. Confirmatory Test Cutoff Concentrations, Continued

Initial

Presumptive

Positive Test

Confirmation Drug / Metabolite

Cutoff

(ng/mL)

Reported Drug Use

Opioids

Morphine

4,000

Morphine

Codeine

2,000

Codeine

6-monoacetylmorphine

Heroin

Oxycodone

100

Oxycodone

Oxymorphone

100

Oxymorphone

Hydrocodone

100

Hydrocodone

Hydromorphone

100

Hydromorphone

Opioids, Cocaine

Metabolites*

Fentanyl

1.0

Fentanyl

Norfentanyl

1.0

Norfentanyl

*Either from initial screening (IA or MS-based) or from adjunct screening (IA or MS-based) triggered by cocaine

metabolites or opioids presumptive-positive initial screening.

b. All FTDTLs will screen all testable Service member specimens for:

(1) Cannabinoids, excluding synthetic cannabinoids.

(2) Cocaine metabolites.

(3) Heroin metabolite.

(4) Amphetamines, including designer amphetamines.

c. The FTDTL will screen all testable Service member specimens for all other drugs listed in

Table 2, unless a lower testing rate is determined by the EDFR.

d. The MPDATP will conduct prevalence/surveillance testing to monitor the use of drugs

that are not on the DoD-authorized drug testing panel. Specimens will periodically be screened

for additional drugs and confirmatory testing will be conducted on de-identified specimens, as

determined by subject matter experts on the BTAB and at the AFMES to address emergent drug

threats. Results of these prevalence studies, along with recommendations for changes to the

testing panel, will be forwarded, through the BTAB, to the Director, ODDR, to support policy

changes by the EDFR. Both objective (e.g., prevalence rates, technical capabilities, capacity,

cost) and subjective (e.g., potency, lethality, notoriety) considerations will be taken into account

in adjusting the testing panel.

e. All specimens received at the FTDTL will be tested, except for those specimens assigned

non-testable discrepancies (see Table 1). All assigned discrepancies, coded in accordance with

Table 1, will be documented and reported to the submitting unit. This documentation will be

generated, tracked, and maintained in the LIMS as part of the CoC or other similar

documentation, such that the FTDTL or any person or adjudicatory entity can identify and track

all discrepancy codes assigned to a particular specimen.

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4.10. INITIAL SCREENING TEST.

a. The purpose of the initial screening test is to eliminate negative specimens and to focus

efforts and resources on those specimens that are “presumptively positive” (i.e., most likely to

contain drugs on the DoD-authorized panel). All immunoassay (IA) test kits or alternate testing

methods (e.g., MS-based screening) used for the initial screening test must be authorized by the

Director, ODDR. Unless otherwise authorized, all IA test kits must be approved for commercial

sale and distribution by the Food and Drug Administration. All initial screening tests must be

validated prior to implementation. Method validation will be described in the FTDTL’s OP

manual and conducted per requirements promulgated by the AFMES. IA method validation

must include, at a minimum, evaluations of:

(1) Linearity.

(2) Precision and accuracy around the cutoff.

(3) Carryover.

(4) Specificity.

(5) Positive and negative specimen differentiation.

(6) Parallel studies and matrix effects, if applicable.

b. To process specimens for the initial screening test, the technician will complete the

appropriate intra-laboratory specimen bottle and aliquot CoC documents. The technician will

work with (i.e., open) only one specimen bottle at a time in preparing its aliquot. A pipette or

any other sampling device will not be used to transfer an aliquot from the original specimen

bottle, except via an automated device validated by requirements promulgated by the AFMES

and approved by the Director, ODDR.

c. All initial screening tests performed at an FTDTL will consist of specimens contained

within discrete identifiable batches. Each batch will contain a minimum of 5 percent control

samples, relative to the total number of Service member specimens in the batch. The instrument

used in screening analysis will be calibrated at least daily and whenever maintenance or

operational non-conformances dictate.

(1) Calibration and batch acceptance criteria include evaluation of an:

(a) Open negative control(s); analyte-free and must test lower than the open low

control.

(b) Open low control(s); 50-75 percent of the cutoff concentration and must test

negative.

positive.

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(2) Each batch of aliquots for the initial screening test will contain a minimum of one

blind positive and one blind negative (i.e., analyte-free) control. The blind controls will be

placed randomly in the batch pursuant to the FTDTL’s OP manual. Blind positive controls must

test positive. Blind negative controls must test negative with values below those for the lowest

batch open low control.

(3) Multi-well plates and automated liquid handling systems may be used in conjunction

with alternate initial and adjunct screening test techniques (e.g., MS-based). Manual-pipetting

into multi-well plates is not permitted. Such systems must meet initial and ongoing validation

requirements promulgated by the AFMES; additionally, the precision and accuracy of each

pipetting channel must be evaluated at least weekly. Multi-well plates must be barcoded and the

plate map containing the location of specimens and controls must be printed for review and

uploaded to the MS instrumentation.

(4) MS-based initial screening techniques must meet validation, calibration, control, and

other guidelines promulgated by the AFMES. The screening drug test is considered positive for

a drug class, as shown in Table 2, when at least one analyte is equal to or greater than the

screening cutoff concentration shown in Table 3. Qualitative criteria may be relaxed relative to

those required for confirmatory tests, in accordance with Paragraph 4.12., and only a single

transition needs to be monitored for the analyte and corresponding internal standard (IS), when

used. Procedures that do not use an IS for each analyte must be recommended by the BTAB and

approved by the Director, ODDR.

d. Upon completion of the initial screening test, the results and other documentation will be

forwarded for appropriate forensic laboratory review. The FTDTL’s OP manual will provide

guidance for partial batch acceptance and repeat testing whenever the open or blind control

performance criteria are not met.

e. The FTDTL commander/commanding officer has the right to terminate or to direct repeat

testing for any specimen, only when they have determined that the validity of the result is

forensically or scientifically questionable. Rationale for these testing actions will be documented

by MFR and maintained with the specimen’s testing records.

4.11. ADJUNCT SCREENING TEST.

a. Pursuant to recommendations from the BTAB, the Director, ODDR, will authorize

adjunct screen tests and may do so at cutoff concentrations distinct from those shown in Table 2.

b. Adjunct testing will be used when the initial screening test for a specific drug class

identifies a large number of specimens as presumptively positive that would not test positive in

the confirmatory test for the target analyte in the drug class of interest. Specimens may also be

subject to adjunct testing due to known association with other drugs (e.g., heroin or cocaine

being “cut” or laced with fentanyl). An adjunct screening test may be conducted on the same

specimen aliquot used for the initial screening test or on a separate aliquot.

c. Negative adjunct screening test results may be used to eliminate specimens from further

testing. Positive adjunct screening test results may be used to determine that a specimen requires

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

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further testing or may be used to complete the requirement for the initial test. Adjunct screening

test batches must meet the same open control criteria as initial screening test batches; however,

blind controls are not required.

4.12. CONFIRMATORY TEST.

a. The purpose of the confirmatory test is to specifically identify and quantify drug presence

in specimens identified by the initial screening test and adjunct screening tests, if performed.

b. Specimens that screen presumptively positive will be confirmed by chromatography/mass

spectrometry (C/MS). Alternate analytical methodologies may be approved by the Director,

ODDR, pursuant to recommendations from the BTAB. To ensure the best use of limited

specimen volume, the FTDTLs will prioritize confirmatory testing by first testing for Schedule I

drugs and those infrequently prescribed by the DoD medical community (e.g., marijuana, heroin,

designer amphetamines, synthetic cannabinoids, methamphetamine, cocaine) and then testing for

the remaining drugs subsequently.

c. The general guidelines for all confirmatory extraction procedures performed at the

FTDTLs include:

(1) Forensically-supportable practices must be used during all aliquot and extract transfer

steps, as well as during transfer to C/MS instrumentation, to ensure correct identification and

integrity is maintained at all times.

(2) Each batch of specimen aliquots will contain a minimum of 5 percent control

samples relative to the total number of Service member specimen aliquots.

(a) The batch must contain:

1. An:

a. Extracted urine calibrator with an analyte concentration equal to the

confirmatory cutoff concentration.

b. Analyte-free blind negative control.

c. Open low control with a concentration 40-50 percent of the cutoff

concentration.

2. A blind positive control with a concentration at least 120-200 percent of the

cutoff concentration.

(b) If a hydrolysis or oxidation step is included in the extraction procedure, a

hydrolysis or oxidation control will be included in the batch, if available.

analyzed as part of the batch using the same procedures. For direct injection on liquid

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

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chromatography (LC)/tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) instruments, all calibrators, controls,

and specimens in the batch must be prepared simultaneously using the same procedures.

(3) Internal standard will be added to all calibrator, controls, and specimens analyzed. If

available, the IS will be a deuterated analog of the analyte being tested. Procedures that do not

use deuterated analogs must be recommended by the BTAB and approved by the Director,

ODDR. The intra-batch IS abundance will be tracked for each confirmatory method and IS

acceptance criteria for all batch calibrators, controls, and specimens will be delineated in the

FTDTL’s OP manual.

(4) Multi-well plates and automated liquid handling systems may be used in conjunction

with confirmatory testing techniques. Their use must meet the same requirements described in

Paragraph 4.10.c.(3).

d. The general guidelines for all confirmatory C/MS analyses performed at the FTDTLs

include:

(1) For C/MS instruments that have a practical daily autotune capability (e.g., gas

chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)), an acceptable autotune must be performed within

24 hours prior to the injection of a batch calibration standard. For C/MS/MS, on a quarterly

basis and after any maintenance that requires MS/MS venting, a full autotune will be performed

using an appropriate tuning compound(s), as recommended by the instrument manufacturer.

Autotune data will be retained for the same time period as required for positive results data. For

C/MS/MS, an acceptable system verification sample (SVS) analysis must include the analyte(s)

of interest and be performed within 24 hours before the injection of the batch calibration

standard. The criteria for an acceptable SVS include:

(a) Transition retention times (RTs) within ±3 percent of the expected RT for the

compound.

(b) Area counts for the quantitative transition will be at or above a lower limit

established by the FTDTL based upon historical values for the transition.

(d) Mass assignment for the transition should be within the manufacturer’s

recommended parameters.

(e) If area counts or transition ratios are unacceptable, the source may require

cleaning. If source cleaning fails to return the SVS within acceptable ranges, a full autotune will

be performed.

(2) All batch calibrators, controls, and specimens will be analyzed simultaneously and

under the same conditions.

(3) The calibrator will be injected as a drift control at the end of each batch analysis.

This drift control must be within ±10 percent of its theoretical value, or re-processed value for a

multipoint calibration. If the calibrator is exhausted, the low control may be used for this

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purpose and the initial and final injections of the low control must quantitatively be within ±10

percent of each other. For in-line extraction instrumentation, the end-of-batch control will be the

re-extraction of the calibrator. In this case, since the calibrator must be re-extracted, the control

must be within ±20 percent of its theoretical value.

(4) A minimum of three mass ions for the analyte and two mass ions for the paired IS

must be analyzed and presented on the data printout for all GC/MS analyses. For MS/MS

analyses, the data printout and analyses must include at least two transitions for the analyte and

two transitions for the paired IS.

(5) For GC/MS and MS/MS, respectively, the mass ion ratios or transition ratios for all

controls and specimens must have values that are within ±20 percent of the mass ion ratios or

transition ratios for the extracted calibrator.

(6) The RT for all analytes and paired ISs for all controls and specimens must be within

±2 percent for GC/MS and ±3 percent for LC/MS/MS of the RTs for the extracted calibrator.

Relative RT (i.e., analyte relative to its internal standard) may be used for LC-based analyses.

(7) The quantitative results for controls must be within ±20 percent of their target values

and the blind negative control must not quantitate above the established analyte-specific limit of

detection (LOD).

(8) For GC/MS and MS/MS, respectively, a minimum of 8 and 12 MS scans are required

for each peak.

(9) Each FTDTL must validate and set minimum criteria for mass ion and transition

abundances to ensure valid drug concentration determinations.

(10) Batch analyses interrupted by power failure must be restarted with a new autotune

for GC/MS or a reinjection of the SVS for C/MS/MS followed by re-injection of the calibrator

and open controls prior to continuing Service member specimen injections. Batch analyses may

be continued the next business day, if the autotune or SVS is validated and the re-injection of the

calibrator meets established acceptance criteria.

(11) For GC/MS, all mass ions for each drug must include part of the primary structure

(i.e., parent compound) of the drug molecule. The use of isotopic ions is only permitted if a full

complement of independent and unique qualifier ions useful for analyte identification are not

available.

(12) Negative specimens in a failed batch may be reported as negative for the analyte

being tested, if the nature of the failure does not prevent the identification of positive specimens.

(13) A diluted specimen may not be reported as positive, if the on-column amount of the

analyte is less than the target concentration of the batch low control.

(14) Altering instrument conditions to separate interfering peaks is permitted, when

limited to GC oven temperature and LC mobile phase gradients. All calibrators, controls, and

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affected Service member specimens must be analyzed under the new conditions and all batch

acceptance criteria must be met.

(15) An appropriate negative control or solvent blank, as described in the FTDTL’s OP

manual, will be injected prior to each positive member specimen to demonstrate that the positive

result was not impacted by the previous specimen’s injection.

(16) The FTDTL commander/commanding officer may cancel testing of Service

member specimens that fail to meet acceptance criteria twice for the same reason by calling the

result negative or invalid, but only the latter when interference is not resolved or the specimen is

depleted prior to completing testing. Rationale for these cancellations will be documented by

MFR and maintained with the specimen’s testing records.

(17) The disposal of excess urine aliquots will be documented on the CoC.

(18) All ion or transition chromatograms must meet these minimum acceptance criteria:

(a) Peak resolution for all quantifying and qualifying ions or transitions must be such

that the measurement from the shared valley to the baseline is less than 10 percent of the

measurement from the target analyte peak to the baseline.

(b) The peak asymmetry (A

) factor for all quantifying and qualifying ions or

transition must be within 0.5-2.0. The A

factor is determined by drawing a perpendicular line

from the baseline to the apex of the target drug peak. The A

factor equals B/A, where A is equal

to the width of the left half of the peak at 10 percent peak height and B is equal to the width of

the right half of the peak at 10 percent peak height.

e. At the completion of the confirmatory test, documentation will be forwarded for

appropriate forensic laboratory review.

(1) The confirmatory test is positive when all criteria in this section are met and the

specimen quantifies at or above the confirmatory cutoff concentration.

(2) The FTDTL commander/commanding officer has the right to terminate or to direct

repeat testing for any specimen, only when they have determined that the validity of the result is

forensically or scientifically questionable. Rationale for these testing actions will be documented

by MFR and maintained with the specimen’s testing records.

(3) All lots of reagents (e.g., organic solvents, pH-specific reagents and buffers,

derivatizing reagents, acids and bases, hydrolyzing reagents), solid-phase extraction cartridges,

negative urine (i.e., analyte-free), calibrators, and controls will be certified, before positive

results may be reported.

(a) Materials will be certified as free of interferences and, where applicable, will be

verified to contain the analyte(s) of interest at the stated values prior to their use.

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(b) It is permitted to certify reagents, solid-phase extraction cartridges, and other

non-control/calibrator material(s) by use in routine batches with assessment of acceptability

based on control performance.

required for positive results data.

(d) The methods for certification and acceptance criteria for these materials will be

described in the FTDTL’s OP manual.

(4) All confirmatory procedures, including those using automated liquid handling

systems and multi-well plates, must be validated prior to implementation. Method validation

will be described in the FTDTL’s OP manual and in agreement with requirements promulgated

by the AFMES. At a minimum, confirmatory method validation must include:

(a) Linearity studies to determine the LOD, limit of quantification, and limit of

linearity, which must be assessed to the point of failure.

(b) Evaluation of precision and accuracy around the cutoff.

(d) Determination of interferences from similar and related compounds; this is

required annually for non-synthetic cannabinoids, opioids, and amphetamines.

(e) Parallel studies for comparing existing to new method or technology.

(f) Annual evaluation of matrix effects for LC-based methods only.

(g) Evaluation of hydrolysis or oxidation effectiveness, as applicable, and at

physiologically-relevant concentrations delineated by the AFMES.

f. New instruments models must be validated prior to being placed into use testing Service

member specimens. Linearity determinations will be verified annually, or within each run, on

each instrument certified for a particular method. Abbreviated or targeted validation studies may

be performed, commensurate with the parameters that may be impacted by a given change to the

assay or instrumentation component. All such abbreviated validations must be in agreement with

requirements promulgated by the AFMES.

g. All documents related to method validation will be maintained in the FTDTL’s historical

data archive according to the Service’s records disposition schedule or for a minimum of 3 years.

4.13. QC AND QA PROGRAMS.

a. Each FTDTL will maintain an internal QC program that includes at least 5 percent control

samples relative to the total number of Service member specimens in the batch.

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(1) QC samples intended to ensure the operation and accuracy of the assay will be

identified as controls. Controls that are used to calibrate an instrument or establish an actual

concentration will be classified as calibrators.

(2) The FTDTL will use separate sources (i.e., manufacturers) of stock material in the

preparation of controls and calibrators. If separate sources of stock material are unavailable,

material from separate lots from the same manufacturer or two separately-prepared solutions are

acceptable. All stock material must have a certificate of analysis (COA) and drug purity

provided by the commercial vendor. The COA must be maintained on file and in accordance

with Service disposition schedules. Additionally, controls may be prepared from Service

member specimens eligible for disposal, provided the provisions in Paragraph 4.15.b. have been

met.

(3) All calibrators and controls must be certified prior to use. The FTDTL’s OP manual

will describe these certification requirements. Reagents and other testing materials must be

certified and validated in accordance with Paragraph 4.12.e.(3). However, for screening

calibrators, C/MS quantitative results from in-house testing or a vendor-provided COA may

suffice as the initial certification for each lot. Screening controls may be verified by using the

routine screening test acceptability criteria.

b. Each FTDTL will maintain a comprehensive QA program in agreement with requirements

promulgated by the AFMES and these minimum criteria:

(1) The internal QA program must independently monitor all processes associated with

accessioning, handling, testing, reviewing, reporting, and maintaining the forensic integrity of

results; this includes:

(a) Ongoing and periodic review of internal methods development.

(b) Instrument and method certification.

(d) Overall data and legal documentation review.

(e) Instrument and equipment calibrations.

(f) Performance of testing controls.

(g) Open and blind proficiency performance.

(h) Internal/external audits of testing processes according to the FTDTL’s OP

manual.

(2) The FTDTL must have an OP manual element that describes the QA program and

defines the documentation used by the FTDTL to manage the QA program. FTDTL

documentation must include the use and tracking of MFRs and NCEs, which are used for any

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occurrence that does not follow the strict guidelines of the FTDTL’s OP manual. Additionally,

QA documentation will include a monthly report or meeting minutes that:

(a) Summarizes all areas of QA oversight and monitoring.

(b) Includes the tracking of active issues until they are closed.

(3) The QAO is responsible for the overall management of the QA program. The QAO

is responsible for ensuring the classification, management, and investigation, when necessary, of

all NCEs.

(a) The QAO:

1. Organizes supporting documentation related to the NCE.

2. Publishes an MFR or report that clearly defines the issue.

3. Makes recommendations for corrective and preventive actions to the FTDTL

commander/commanding officer.

(b) For investigated NCEs, the commander/commanding officer must document, by

signature and date, the completion of their review of:

1. The NCE and all NCE supporting material.

2. QAO recommendations.

3. Corrective and preventive actions taken or to be taken.

(4) The QAO will organize and lead a monthly meeting to present all areas of quality

assurance oversight.

c. The FTDTL will participate in the AFMES QA inspection and proficiency programs. The

FTDTL OP manual will describe how the FTDTL will comply with the requirements of these

programs. After the results of the monthly open proficiency program are reported by the

AFMES, the AFMES proficiency material may be used as internal controls and reference

material.

4.14. REPORTING AND RECORDS.

a. Any specimen that fails to meet quantity or quality requirements for determination as

positive, for the initial, adjunct, or confirmatory tests, will be reported as negative or invalid.

b. All results must be reviewed and certified by at least two LCOs. Certification of results

consists of the:

(1) Review of all:

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(a) Scientific testing data and relevant supporting documentation (e.g., CoC

documents, NCEs, MFRs, submitting unit request letters, certificates of correction) to ensure

compliance with the technical procedures and CoC requirements in the FTDTL’s OP manual.

(b) Test results for each Service member specimen for consistency, whether accepted

for reporting or not, such that any disparities are addressed properly and before reporting. The

FTDTL’s OP manual will describe the requirements for consistency of results and any actions to

be taken to address inconsistencies (e.g., re-pouring initial screening test batches, re-extracting

confirmatory test batches, suspending reporting for affected specimens).

(2) Documentation of all reviews and results in the LIMS and on forensic data reports.

c. Results may be reported either by groups of specimens (i.e., by form) or by individual

specimen.

d. All discrepancies will be:

(1) Coded using the approved list in Table 1.

(2) Recorded in the LIMS so that they will be reported to the submitting unit.

e. The report to the submitting unit will only specify which specimens were positive,

negative, invalid, or not tested. No analytical information on negative specimens will be

reported to the submitting unit, unless meeting the exceptions stated in DoDI 1010.01, or when:

(1) A request for further information on the results of a negative test is made by a

Service member, or their defense counsel, for use in defending against an accusation of drug use.

(2) A Service member who is facing disciplinary or administrative proceedings based on

suspected drug use offers, or is expected to offer, as proof of innocence, prior negative urinalysis

results. The submitting unit’s legal representative may then request further information on the

reported negative results for rebuttal or impeachment purposes.

(3) As authorized by the Secretary concerned or as otherwise ordered by a competent

judicial authority.

(4) The negative result:

(a) Supports or refutes the determination of prescription drug diversion.

(b) Is necessary to interpret positive drug testing results for multi-analyte assays

(e.g., amphetamines, opioids, benzodiazepines).

electronic Prescription Review System) and the presumptive determination of the presence of

drug(s) or drug metabolite(s) may facilitate the adjudication of:

1. Other specimens shipped in the same shipping container; or

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2. Processed in the same analytical batch of specimens.

f. Negative results will be handled in accordance with the guidelines listed in this paragraph.

(1) Negative test results should be reported within 4 working days, based on monthly

average, of specimen receipt at the FTDTL. Workforce elements of the FTDTL’s COOP will be

initiated when this reporting goal is not met for 3 consecutive months.

(2) Any specimen with a valid initial screening test, adjunct screening test, or

confirmatory test that is negative for a drug will be reported as negative for that drug.

(3) Before reporting a negative test result, an FTDTL LCO will ensure that the results

have been reviewed and certified as required in Paragraphs 4.14.a.-b. of this issuance.

(4) All testing and CoC documentation for negative specimens will be maintained,

according to the respective Service’s records retention requirements or for a minimum of 1 year.

(5) The electronic LIMS database/records will be retained for a minimum of 75 years.

g. Positive results will be handled in accordance with the guidelines listed in this paragraph.

(1) Positive test results:

(a) Should be reported within 6 working days, based on monthly average, of

specimen receipt at the FTDTL. Workforce elements of the FTDTL’s COOP will be initiated

when this reporting goal is not met for 3 consecutive months.

(b) Will only be reported for specimens that are determined to be positive on the

initial screening test, the adjunct screening test, if applicable, and the confirmatory test. Prior to

reporting a specimen positive, all tests to which the specimen was subject must meet the

scientific and forensic requirements described in the FTDTL’s OP manual.

(2) Before reporting a positive test result, an FTDTL LCO will ensure that:

(a) The results have been reviewed and certified as required in Paragraph 4.14.b.of

this issuance.

(b) An LCO has verified that the information on the specimen bottle and submitted

CoC form, if any, is consistent, and that this information is accurately reflected in the LIMS.

(3) As soon as practical after LCO review, positive specimens will be placed in a secured

freezer designated for long-term storage.

(4) The submitted CoC documents, if any, for positive specimens, along with their

associated testing documents (e.g., analytical results, equipment maintenance, QC control and

calibrator certification, employee training and certification records, OP manual, QA reports,

method and instrument validation, and all other documents that may be recalled for legal

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proceedings), will be archived in a secure storage area according to the respective Service’s

records retention requirements or for a minimum of 3 years.

(5) The electronic LIMS database/records will be retained for a minimum of 75 years.

h. Invalid results obtained during routine testing (i.e., not part of specimen validity testing

(SVT), as detailed in Paragraph 7.4.) will be handled in accordance with the guidelines listed in

this paragraph. The invalid determination will:

(1) Only be used when chromatographic interference is not resolved for a given analyte

or when the volume of urine is insufficient to complete testing (i.e., depleted during the testing

process).

(2) Be reported for the affected analyte(s) or for the entire specimen, if no results were

obtained for any analyte.

(3) Not indicate an attempt to defeat the drug test; rather, it represents an indeterminate

outcome that is neither positive nor negative for a given analyte.

i. The FTDTL’s OP manual must:

(1) Adhere to all requirements of this issuance.

(2) Be maintained to allow the reconstruction of procedures that were in effect when a

given specimen was received and tested. Appropriate FTDTL OP manual maintenance includes:

(a) A “summary of changes” sheet documenting the implementation date and version

number for all changes.

(b) A documented employee notification process to record that employees have been

notified (i.e., read, understood, and will execute) of changes to policies and procedures prior to

implementation.

(d) Retention for 75 years.

j. If a specimen’s results are reported and a submitting unit or Military Service identifies that

an incorrect DoD ID was employed at the point of collection, the FTDTL may update the drug

testing result with the accurate DoD ID when the:

(1) Submitting unit’s investigation identifies the error and corrects the procedures that

resulted in the fault.

(2) Military Service for the submitting unit:

(a) Concurs with the investigative findings and actions.

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(b) Forwards a request to the respective Military Service drug testing program

manager to notify the FTDTL, LIMS team, and DMDC, if outside the current fiscal year, to

correct the record.

4.15. DISPOSITION OF SPECIMENS.

a. Negative specimens will be handled in accordance with the guidelines listed in this

paragraph.

(1) Negative specimens may be discarded after transmission of the negative report. The

negative specimen’s discard date must be documented in the LIMS.

(2) Negative specimens may be retained, without consent from the Service member, for

use in developmental work, prevalence studies, and special projects, in accordance with

Section 219.102(e) of Title 32, Code of Federal Regulations. If retained for these purposes, the

transfer of these specimens to special projects must be documented. However, after this is

completed, no further CoC documentation is required for these specimens. Specimens or

screening aliquots designated for destruction may be used for research, if all specimen identifiers

that could be used to trace a specimen back to an individual are removed or redacted.

b. Positive specimens will be handled in accordance with the guidelines listed in this

paragraph.

(1) All positive specimens will be placed in long-term secure frozen storage for a

minimum of 1 year. CoC will be maintained for all specimens in long-term storage.

(2) During this initial 1-year frozen storage period, the submitting unit, or their legal

representative, may send a written request to the FTDTL asking the FTDTL to retain the

specimen for an additional year, unless a longer time period is required. The request must

explain the reason for a longer retention period. The FTDTL will document the extended

retention period in the LIMS and notify the requestor of the new disposal date.

(3) Upon expiration of the retention period, positive specimens may be:

(a) Discarded. This discard event must be documented in the LIMS.

(b) Retained for use in developmental work, prevalence studies, control preparation,

and special projects, as long as all specimen identifiers that could be used to trace a specimen

back to an individual are removed or redacted. The transfer of these specimens to special

projects must be documented. However, after this is completed, no further CoC documentation

is required for these specimens.

(4) Specimens suspected of adulteration will be retained in accordance with Paragraph

4.15.b. These specimens will be submitted for SVT, in accordance with Paragraph 7.4. The

FTDTL will notify the submitting unit of all results that indicate a loss of integrity during the

collection process (i.e., adulterated or substituted).

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4.16. RETESTING OF SPECIMENS.

a. After receiving a positive test result, the Service member, the member’s legal

representative, the submitting unit commander, a military judge, or an attorney representing the

submitting unit, may request a retest. All requests must be forwarded through the submitting

unit or trial counsel to the FTDTL that reported the positive result. A specimen retest requires a

C/MS procedure to confirm the presence of the reported drug or drug metabolite. On retest, the

drug does not need to quantify above the DoD confirmation cutoff concentration. The retest only

requires the drug to quantify at or above the FTDTL’s established LOD for the specific C/MS

method.

b. The FTDTL commander/commanding officer has the right to direct the retesting of any

Service member specimen, only when they determine that the validity of the result is forensically

or scientifically questionable. The rationale for this retest must be documented by an MFR and

maintained with the specimen’s testing records.

c. A specimen may be:

(1) Retested at the FTDTL that confirmed and reported the positive result; or

(2) Sent to another DoD-certified FTDTL, the SFTDTL, or the AFMES for retesting.

d. If executing a retest would result in a volume less than 10 milliliters remaining for any

additional purposes, the FTDTL must obtain authorization from the respective Military Service

drug testing program manager.

e. If forwarding an aliquot of the specimen to another laboratory for retesting, the FTDTL

will document specimen handling on the submitted CoC, if any, or a supplemental CoC form. A

new CoC form will be prepared to document the handling of the aliquot and will be forwarded,

with the aliquot, to the designated FTDTL. The original specimen bottle with the remaining

urine, the submitted CoC, if any, and any supplemental CoC forms will be retained by the

FTDTL. The FTDTL will transmit a document to the receiving FTDTL that explains the testing

to be performed or will forward a copy of the requestor’s letter that contains this information.

f. A specimen may be sent to a Department of Health and Humans Services-certified

commercial laboratory for retest, if the requirements in Paragraphs 4.16.a., 4.16.d., and 4.16.e.

are met. The specimen must be retested under conditions used for federally-regulated

specimens. The request must include:

(1) The complete address of the laboratory where the specimen is to be sent along with

their point of contact.

(2) Documentation that arrangements have been made to pay for any tests.

(3) A statement relieving the FTDTL of any monetary charges associated with the

testing.

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(4) The commercial courier account number to pay for shipping the aliquot to the

designated laboratory.

g. Retest results below the LOD do not automatically indicate an original false positive

result, since analyte degradation may be concluded from an investigation. When a retest result is

below the LOD, the FTDTL will, as part of their investigation:

(1) Re-verify the result by re-confirming.

(2) Send an aliquot:

(a) For retesting at a laboratory using a different method, if possible.

(b) To a Department of Health and Human Services-certified laboratory for SVT.

4.17. SPECIMEN BOTTLE REQUESTS.

Submitting unit commanders, judges, administrative board presidents, and trial counsel may

request that the FTDTL provide the original specimen bottle for a court-martial or administrative

board.

a. Such requests will be honored if the written request contains sufficient information to

identify the specific specimen, as well as the name, mailing address, and phone number of the

point of contact.

b. The submitted CoC, if used, or supplemental CoC form will be annotated to document the

transfer of the remaining specimen urine to a new bottle and the transfer will be documented in

the LIMS, including the subsequent storage location of the new bottle.

c. The new bottle will be labeled with duplicate identifying information from the original

bottle label and an image of the original label in its entirety will be captured and stored with the

specimen’s testing records.

d. A new custody document or an affidavit will be generated to document the shipment of

the original specimen bottle to the court.

4.18. DOCUMENT AND INFORMATION REQUESTS.

a. Requests for documentation and additional information must be submitted in writing

through the submitting unit or an attorney representing the submitting unit. Requests must

include:

(1) Sufficient information to identify the specific specimen.

(2) Trial or board date, if known.

(3) The name, mailing address, and phone number of the point of contact.

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b. When a complete laboratory records packet is requested,

(1) The FTDTL will provide, at a minimum:

(a) Copies of all CoC forms for tests attempted and performed.

(b) All accepted instrument printouts that directly involved the specimen.

controls associated with the specimen.

(d) Any associated MFRs and NCEs.

(2) These packets will include a statement of business records certification. An LCO

will authenticate the packet attesting that they reviewed the documents and that the business

record certification statement is accurate. A copy of each laboratory records packet will be

maintained by the FTDTL for a minimum of 1 year.

c. The FTDTL may also provide a summary packet upon request. The summary packet will

include, at a minimum:

(1) A summary sheet that documents the tests performed.

(2) The dates of these tests.

(3) The test results.

d. The FTDTL will comply with all reasonable requests for laboratory documentation and

records. A request for laboratory records or documents generated 3 to 6 months before and after

a specimen was reported is considered reasonable. However, this time period may be extended

at the discretion of the FTDTL commander/commanding officer. A records request exceeding

this time period may be considered unreasonable and will not be granted unless specifically

directed by judicial order.

4.19. EW REQUESTS.

a. The FTDTL will:

(1) Comply with judicial orders to produce an EW.

(2) Attempt to accommodate reasonable requests for EWs in accordance with the

FTDTL OP manual.

(3) Require accounting information or travel orders, from the requesting unit, at least 10

working days in advance of the EW’s travel date or as soon as practical in order to comply with a

judicial order.

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b. Requesting commands will coordinate scheduling of expert testimony with the FTDTL.

The requesting command:

(1) Is responsible for all travel expenses (e.g., per diem, lodging, transportation) to

include a rental car or other personal, local transportation, as appropriate.

(2) Will ensure that adequate dining accommodations are available.

4.20. CUTOFF CONCENTRATIONS AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

a. The cutoff concentrations for screening and confirmatory testing are documented in

Tables 2 and 3, respectively.

(1) The DoD authorized panel of drugs may be updated by memorandum from EDFR to

include:

(a) Drug panel additions and deletions.

(b) Changes to cutoff concentrations.

(2) A specimen with forensically acceptable documentation and valid screening and

confirmation results, equal to or greater than the cutoff concentration, will be reported as positive

for that analyte.

b. When an IA kit or alternate methodology is used for an initial screening test that is

calibrated using a single analyte within a drug class, as shown in Table 2, it is acceptable to

conduct confirmatory testing on and to report positive results for all analytes of that class.

c. All FTDTL drug testing results for routine testing (i.e., substances listed in Table 3) and

associated discrepancies listed in Table 1, if any, will be downloaded to a secure, common access

card-enabled, encrypted web results portal for retrieval by authorized users.

4.21. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS.

a. System security of the FTDTL-IMS must comply with DoDI 8500.01. The FTDTL

COOP will be prepared and reviewed by the Military Service drug testing program manager or

designee pursuant to the appropriate Service regulation. The COOP must include a section that

deals with events that may affect network or LIMS operations.

b. Each specimen received by the FTDTL will be tracked within the LIMS using specific

identifiers to include the:

(1) DoD ID.

(2) LAN.

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(3) Submitting unit code.

(4) Dates of specimen receipt and results reporting.

c. The LIMS will:

(1) Maintain a forensic record (e.g., user, function, and date) of each action taken on

each individual specimen.

(2) Be capable of verifying that the DoD ID on the CoC matches the DoD ID on the

bottle.

(3) Maintain an audit trail of changes to the records, which will include the:

(a) Original information.

(b) New information.

(d) Individual who made the change.

d. LCOs who review and approve any screening or confirmatory result will be identified and

this information will be retrievable from the LIMS. Also, the LIMS will be able to verify that

these steps have been completed before results are reported, manually or electronically.

e. On a 5-year cycle, negative and cancelled specimen testing data will be purged from the

LIMS at each FTDTL. This requirement does not apply to data on the web portal, which will be

maintained for 75 years.

4.22. LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION AND EQUIPMENT.

a. Major equipment utilized for screening and confirmatory testing at the FTDTLs, including

aliquot or extract preparation, must be:

(1) Recommended by the BTAB.

(2) Authorized by the Director, ODDR.

(3) Maintained and inspected at least semi-annually by the original equipment

manufacturer (OEM) or a vendor certified by the OEM.

b. Maintenance service on major equipment must be done by OEM-trained technicians. The

OEM-trained technician must certify the conduct of services performed by signing and dating the

laboratory instrument maintenance documents.

c. Centrifuges must be certified annually and after major repair.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 4: TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP 45

d. Minor equipment (e.g., analytical balances, automated aliquotting devices, pipetting

devices, and any other equipment used to make quantitative measurements for forensic purposes)

will be certified for accuracy, at least annually. Pipettes must be certified for accuracy at the

volume(s) for which they are used and in accordance with additional guidelines promulgated by

AFMES and the manufacturer.

e. Both weights used to certify analytical balances and temperature monitoring devices must

be National Institutes of Standards and Technology certification-traceable.

f. Maintenance records, documenting all certification and repair, must be retained according

to the respective Service’s records retention requirements or for 3 years, at a minimum.

4.23. LABORATORY CERTIFICATION.

a. To be certified by the DoD, an FTDTL must:

(1) Maintain:

(a) An OP manual as well as a COOP.

(b) And document specimen and aliquot CoC from receipt to disposal.

(d) Records for equipment certification, evaluation, maintenance and repair.

(e) Records for validation of all analytical methods and instruments for each analyte.

(f) An internal:

1. QC program consisting of at least 5 percent control samples, relative to the

total number of Service member specimens, in each specimen testing batch.

2. QA program to verify and document the quality and accuracy of testing results.

(g) A compliant information assurance posture to appropriately safeguard forensic

systems and data.

(2) Satisfactorily participate in:

(a) A certification round of AFMES proficiency sample analyses for each drug group

being tested.

(b) Ongoing AFMES proficiency (open and blind) programs.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

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b. After the FTDTL has completed the validation requirements in Paragraphs 4.10.a. and/or

4.12.e.(4), a request for a certification set of samples and subsequent participation in the

proficiency testing program will be made, in writing, to AFMES via the appropriate Military

Service drug testing program manager.

c. After the FTDTL has satisfied the applicable requirements and performed successfully

during certification analysis, the AFMES will submit a written request for DoD laboratory

certification to the Director, ODDR. An FTDTL may not report test results to submitting units

until certified, in writing, by the Director, ODDR. The QA inspections will assess the

performance of the FTDTL and ensure its adherence to the requirements in Paragraph 4.23.a. A

copy of each inspection report will be forwarded to the Director, ODDR.

4.24. DRUG ANALYSIS CERTIFICATION.

a. The FTDTLs will:

(1) Participate in the AFMES proficiency (open and blind) program for drug groups that

are approved by the EDFR and listed on the DoD-authorized drug panel (see Tables 2 and 3),

and for which they are certified.

(2) Ensure that at least two instruments are certified for each validated method, if

available.

b. All reference laboratories that test proficiency samples will be certified:

(1) In accordance with this issuance; or

(2) By a reputable forensic authority (e.g., the American Board of Forensic Toxicologists

or the National Laboratory Certification Program), as approved by the Director, ODDR.

c. The AFMES will prepare and send a certification set to the FTDTL.

(1) The certification set will consists of:

(a) Negative, analyte-free, urine samples.

(b) Urine containing the analyte(s) at:

1. Various concentrations surrounding the DoD cutoff.

2. Concentrations that allow for the assessment of carryover.

(2) The specific contents of the certification set are determined by the drug(s) requested

and will include five replicates for each drug concentration. In cases where the reference

laboratory group size consists of only three laboratories, the AFMES may:

(a) Direct repeat analyses on multiple days or multiple instruments; or

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

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(b) Otherwise increase the sample size.

(3) When an FTDTL is being certified for more than one drug, the certification set

samples may be formulated with multiple drugs, as necessary. The FTDTL will be instructed as

to which specimens are to be tested for which drugs.

d. The FTDTL will:

(1) Summarize the results by listing quantitative values for each sample, as determined

by confirmatory testing using all validated confirmatory methods for the analyte(s) for which

certification is sought.

(2) Indicate whether samples are positive or negative by the initial screening test.

(3) Send to the AFMES, the certification set summary sheet, along with initial screening

and confirmatory testing data. All confirmatory tracings will include RTs, peak areas, peak

heights, ions or transitions monitored, and sample identification. Repeat extractions or analyses

to bring outlier quantitative results into agreement with other samples are not permitted.

e. Quantitative criteria include:

(1) For analyte-free samples, the quantitative values determined by C/MS may not

exceed the FTDTL’s LOD, for which all ions or transitions must be present. The LOD for each

drug tested must be listed on the summary sheet provided to the AFMES.

(2) No more than one quantitative value:

(a) In the drug class, may be more than ±20 percent from the FTDTL’s mean for

each concentration with analyte evaluated.

(b) For a given analyte, may be more than ±20 percent from the group mean for each

concentration with analyte evaluated. The group mean values are derived from analyses

conducted by the AFMES DoD QA laboratory and at least one reference laboratory certified in

accordance with Paragraph 4.24.b.

f. MS analyses must meet the criteria given in Paragraph 4.12.d.

g. Continuous satisfactory participation in the AFMES proficiency (open and blind) program

is required to maintain certification. In cases where the reference laboratory group size consists

of only three laboratories, the AFMES may direct repeat analyses in accordance with Paragraph

4.24.c.(2).

(1) If an FTDTL, without prior excusal from the AFMES, does not report data for the

monthly open proficiency samples for analyte(s) from all validated confirmatory methods for

which it is certified, then all five data points will be considered incorrect.

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(2) For the AFMES open proficiency samples, the FTDTL must take action whenever

two replicates for the same analyte quantify outside ±20 percent of the monthly group mean (i.e.,

all relevant, reported results in a single month). An FTDTL reporting such results must:

(a) Document an investigation, via an NCE, assessing factors affecting precision and

any biases in accuracy.

(b) Determine whether action is warranted.

monitoring to assure that decisions were sound.

(3) For a given analyte in the AFMES open proficiency samples, an analysis is

considered unacceptable whenever two replicates in each of 2 consecutive months, or three or

more replicates in a single month, quantify outside ±20 percent of the group mean of all relevant,

reported results. When an FTDTL is not in compliance with this requirement:

(a) The AFMES will immediately contact the:

1. FTDTL.

2. Respective Military Service drug testing program manager.

3. Director, ODDR.

(b) The FTDTL must:

1. Immediately suspend the reporting of results for the relevant drug class.

2. Conduct a documented investigation via an NCE. This investigation must

determine whether any Service member specimens were affected, depending on the root cause(s)

identified or bias noted. The investigation and corrective action plan to address the root cause(s)

of the issue must be sent to the:

a. Respective Military Service drug testing program manager.

b. AFMES.

c. Director, ODDR.

corrective action plan and will recommend to the Director, ODDR, whether additional actions

are necessary (e.g., retesting of open or blind proficiency samples, or retesting of Service

member specimens). Once approved by the Director, ODDR, the FTDTL may implement the

corrective action plan.

(d) Based upon the corrective action plan, retesting results, and recommendations

from the AFMES, including any resulting from a special/directed inspection, the Director,

ODDR may direct:

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1. Decertification of the FTDTL for the drug class in question when retesting of

open proficiency samples fails to yield acceptable results (i.e., at least 4 of 5 samples within ±20

percent of the group mean for that month) or when it is determined that a Service member

specimen was incorrectly reported positive. Based upon successful completion of any corrective

actions and an AFMES-provided certification set, the Director, ODDR, will recertify the FTDTL

for the drug analysis based upon recommendations from the AFMES.

2. Resumption of results reporting, based on:

a. Successful implementation of corrective actions that yield acceptable

proficiency testing results (i.e., at least 4 of 5 samples within ±20 percent of the group mean for

that month); or

b. Other remedies to address the root cause(s) of the imprecision or accuracy

bias.

3. An on-site inspection be conducted that is:

a. Led by the AFMES, including via contract.

b. Accompanied by ongoing QA monitoring.

4. Additional requirements for personnel retraining or adoption of alternate

procedures, techniques, methods, and processes.

(4) For the AFMES’s blind proficiency samples, analyses are considered correct if

negative samples are reported negative and positive samples are reported positive. To ensure

that the number of false negative results is minimized, at least 95 percent of positive samples

received during the quarter must be correctly reported. When an FTDTL is not in compliance

with this 95 percent reporting requirement, it must follow the procedures outlined in Paragraph

4.24.g.(3), where decertification will be based on retest results that show any inability to

correctly report positive specimens as such. Single false negative results for AFMES blind

proficiency samples will be handled in accordance with Paragraph 4.25.b.(1).

(5) An FTDTL that reports a false positive on an AFMES blind proficiency sample will

be decertified by the Director, ODDR, pursuant to Paragraphs 4.25.a.-b.

4.25. FTDTL DECERTIFICATION AND RECERTIFICATION PROCESSES.

a. An FTDTL may be decertified when it:

(1) Has reported a false positive result. Errors in non-critical information associated

with a testing result (e.g., date of collection, base area code, testing premise):

1. Will not necessarily challenge the forensic integrity of drug presence reported

for a drug positive specimen.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 4: TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP 50

2. Do not constitute a false positive result.

(2) Has failed to correctly report proficiency sample results in accordance with

Paragraph 4.24.g. Administrative review of an FTDTL’s reporting procedures may be required

when the FTDTL fails to correctly report an AFMES blind positive proficiency sample result.

(3) Has been recommended by the AFMES, as a result of inspection findings.

(4) Fails to maintain a compliant information assurance posture.

b. When an FTDTL reports a false negative or false positive result for an AFMES blind

proficiency sample, the AFMES will contact the FTDTL, the BTAB, and the Director, ODDR.

(1) When the AFMES notifies an FTDTL that it has reported a false negative result for a

blind proficiency sample, the FTDTL will immediately sequester the sample and review the

reported testing data.

(a) If available, the FTDTL will immediately retest the sample and, if the sample

fails to test positive, send an aliquot to the AFMES for retesting.

(b) The FTDTL, via the respective Military Service drug testing program manager,

will:

1. Maintain communication with the BTAB and the Director, ODDR, on the

status of its review and investigation.

2. Report the basis of the error, corrective or preventive actions taken, and any

additional reviews conducted.

testing program manager and the AFMES who will determine whether any additional action is

warranted.

(d) The FTDTL will document the event, via an NCE, to ensure that findings and

corrective or preventive actions are tracked in a closed-loop manner.

(2) When the AFMES notifies an FTDTL that it has reported a false positive result for a

blind proficiency sample, the FTDTL will:

(a) Immediately suspend reporting results for all drugs and initiate a documented

investigation via an NCE.

(b) If available, immediately retest the sample; and, if the sample fails to test

negative, send an aliquot to the AFMES for retesting.

communication with the BTAB and the Director, ODDR, on the status of its review and

investigation. The Director, ODDR, will immediately:

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 4: TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP 51

1. Notify the EDFR of the situation.

2. Decertify the FTDTL entirely or for specific drug analyte(s), as appropriate.

(d) Report, in writing, the basis of the error and the corrective or preventive actions

taken, any additional reviews, and submit the report to the BTAB, via the respective Military

Service drug testing program manager.

1. Based upon status updates and the written report, the BTAB, in conjunction

with the Director, ODDR, will determine whether any additional action is warranted (e.g.,

retesting Service member specimens; possible on-site inspection; implementation of alternate

training, procedures, materials, methods, etc.; recertification for the affected analyte(s)).

2. When the BTAB, in consultation with the Director, ODDR believes that the

actions taken by the FTDTL are adequate, the Director, ODDR, will recertify the FTDTL for

resumption of results reporting.

c. When an FTDTL discovers that it has erroneously reported a Service member’s specimen

as positive, the FTDTL will:

(1) Immediately:

(a) Suspend reporting results for all drugs and initiate a documented investigation via

an NCE.

(b) Contact the BTAB and the Director, ODDR, via the respective Military Service

drug testing program manager. The Director, ODDR, will immediately:

1. Notify the EDFR of the situation.

2. Decertify the FTDTL entirely or for specific drug analyte(s), as appropriate.

ensure that no adverse action is or was taken against the Service member. The original, incorrect

result must be withdrawn and the correct result reported.

(2) Conduct a documented investigation of the issue via an NCE. This investigation

must include whether any other Service member specimens were affected. The corrective action

plan to address the root cause(s) of the issue must be sent to the BTAB and the Director, ODDR,

via the respective Military Service drug testing program manager. The plan will state the

cause(s) of the error and the corrective and preventive actions to be implemented.

(a) The BTAB will:

1. Review the corrective action plan and proposed remedies.

2. Recommend to the Director, ODDR, additional actions that may include the

retesting of:

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 4: TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR THE MPDATP 52

a. Open proficiency samples;

b. Blind proficiency samples; or

c. Service member specimens, as applicable.

(b) Once approved, the FTDTL may implement the corrective action plan.

from the BTAB, including those from any directed inspection, the Director, ODDR, may direct:

1. Recertification and resumption of results reporting, based on successful

implementation of corrective actions.

2. An on-site inspection, led by the AFMES, be conducted and accompanied by

ongoing QA monitoring.

3. Additional requirements for personnel retraining and adoption of alternate

procedures, techniques, methods and processes.

4. Approval to proceed with the recertification process for the affected analyte(s).

(d) When AFMES notifies the Director, ODDR, of their approval of the

recertification analysis, if conducted, the Director, ODDR, will recertify the FTDTL to resume

drug analysis and reporting.

(3) In consultation with the respective Military Service drug testing program manager,

place an MFR into the files of affected specimen records. This MFR will include:

(a) A written summary of the incident.

(b) Corrective actions taken.

(d) Copies of notifications to the affected command(s).

(e) If known, a summary of actions taken against any member whose results may

have been incorrectly reported.

d. FTDTLs must maintain an information assurance posture that safeguards forensic drug

testing systems, platforms, and databases, in accordance with the standards established by DHA

and any other applicable oversight authority. When an FTDTL is notified by DHA or the drug

testing information technology program manager that their information management systems are

non-compliant with the standards required to maintain an ongoing authority to operate, the

FTDTL must:

(1) Immediately implement risk mitigation measures, including:

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(a) Patches.

(b) Scans.

(2) Achieve and maintain a network and hardware posture that is standardized with those

required to maintain the DDRP enterprise authority to operate.

(3) Upon recommendation from the drug testing information technology program

manager and with concurrence from the BTAB, be subject to:

(a) Decertification from testing specimens; or

(b) Reporting of results, when remedies are not implemented as required.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 5: DOD BTAB 54

SECTION 5: DOD BTAB

5.1. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT.

The DoD BTAB will advise the Director, ODDR, on technical and policy issues related to the

MPDATP. Members will be active duty military members or full-time civilian employees of the

U.S. Government.

a. For technical issues, the BTAB membership will be composed of Service members and/or

full-time or permanent part-time DoD civilian employees, as follows:

(1) The Director, FORTOX, AFMES, who serves as the non-voting Board chair.

(2) The Military Service drug testing program managers.

(3) Any other non-voting subject matter experts as designated by the Board chair.

b. For policy issues, the BTAB membership will be composed of:

(1) The Director, ODDR, who serves as the non-voting Board chair.

(2) One voting representative from each the cognizant Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine

Corps, and National Guard Military components.

(3) Any other non-voting subject matter experts as designated by the Board chair.

5.2. FUNCTIONS.

The BTAB will make recommendations to the Director, ODDR, on:

a. Methodologies and new technologies for FTDTL drugs of abuse testing.

b. Procedures for evaluating changes in testing methodologies and technologies to ensure

that such changes are applicable to the DoD-certified FTDTLs.

c. External proficiency testing and QA procedures for evaluating the performance of the

DoD-certified FTDTLs.

d. Procedures for the certification, decertification, and recertification of the DoD-certified

FTDTLs.

e. The addition or deletion of testable drugs on the DoD-authorized drug panel.

f. Applied research projects to improve the effectiveness of the MPDATP.

g. Any policy issue requiring a change to this issuance to standardize or update MPDATP

processes among the Services.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 5: DOD BTAB 55

5.3. MEETINGS.

a. The BTAB will meet:

(1) Semiannually, at a minimum.

(2) As required by the Director, ODDR, or the Director, FORTOX, AFMES.

b. The Board chair is responsible for:

(1) Issuing minutes for each meeting.

(2) Forwarding the minutes with accompanying recommendations to the Director,

ODDR.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 6: PROCEDURES FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE TESTING AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSING

OF APPLICANTS AND NEW ENTRANTS TO THE MILITARY SERVICES AND THEIR RESPECTIVE

COMPONENTS 56

SECTION 6: PROCEDURES FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE TESTING AND THE

ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSING OF APPLICANTS AND NEW ENTRANTS

TO THE MILITARY SERVICES AND THEIR RESERVE COMPONENTS

6.1. TESTING PROCEDURES.

In compliance with Section 521 of Public Law 100-456, testing for drug and alcohol use and

evaluation for dependency will occur within 72 hours after the Service member’s initial entry on

active duty (IEAD) following enlistment or appointment. For Reserve Component members not

entering extended active duty, these tests will be administered no later than 72 hours after the

beginning of their first scheduled annual training or initial active duty training.

6.2. REQUIRED TESTING.

Individuals required to be tested and evaluated are:

a. Applicants and new enlisted entrants in the Military Services, including officer candidates

undergoing initial training in an enlisted status.

b. Appointees to Service Academies, who will be tested within 72 hours of reporting to an

Academy.

c. Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets and midshipmen, who will be tested

pursuant to individual Service policy and as a component of their commissioning physical

examination.

d. Other individuals to whom a commission may be offered following the completion of a

Service commissioning program (e.g., advanced training under the ROTC program).

e. Regular and Reserve officers appointed from the civilian community.

f. Prior Service applicants for enlistment in the:

(1) Active Component with a break in service of more than 6 months.

(2) Selected Reserve with a break in service in the Selected Reserve or Active

Component of more than 6 months, who are to be tested as facilities and resources permit. The

Services will fund appropriate resources and facilities to ensure that all such applicants are

tested.

6.3. TIMING OF TESTING AND EVALUATIONS.

a. Individuals covered by Paragraphs 6.2.a. or 6.2.e. will undergo testing and be evaluated

within 72 hours after IEAD.

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b. Officers not covered by Paragraphs 6.2.b., 6.2.c., or 6.2.d. will undergo testing and be

evaluated during the officer basic courses. If an officer’s IEAD does not occur at a basic course,

alternative testing and evaluation arrangements must be made by the appointing authority.

c. Individuals covered by Paragraphs 6.2.b. or 6.2.c. will undergo testing and be evaluated

during the physical examination given to the applicants:

(1) Before appointment as cadets or midshipmen at a Service Academy; or

(2) For an ROTC scholarship.

d. Individuals covered by Paragraph 6.2.d. will undergo testing and be evaluated during the

pre-commissioning physical.

e. Individuals covered by Paragraph 6.2.f. will be tested and evaluated:

(1) In conjunction with a reentry physical, if conducted; or

(2) Within 72 hours following reentry at accession locations specified by the Military

Service concerned (e.g., first duty station).

6.4. TESTING PANEL AND PROCEDURES.

a. All urine specimens will be tested for the same panel of drugs as the military population.

These analyses will be conducted in a DoD-certified FTDTL following the testing requirements

of Section 4 of this issuance. Testing results will be obtained as soon as practicable. Testing

outside a DoD-certified FTDTL is strictly prohibited. All specimens will be:

(1) Collected under direct observation.

(2) Submitted to a DoD-certified FTDTL, in accordance with Paragraphs 4.1-4.4, using

the CoC form:

(a) DD Form 2624 (or successor).

(b) USMEPCOM Custody Form 40-8-3, “Urine Sample Custody Document,” if

collected through a MEPS,

b. All individuals covered by Paragraph 6.2, with the exception of Paragraph 6.2.f.(1), will

be tested for alcohol use using a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration-approved

breath alcohol test. A DoD-approved blood alcohol test may be used in place of a breath alcohol

test, provided forensic CoC is maintained from specimen collection through analytical results

determination. Alcohol testing is not conducted at the DoD FTDTLs.

c. Individuals covered by Paragraph 6.2 will be medically evaluated for dependency using

the appropriate medical and psychiatric criteria.

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OF APPLICANTS AND NEW ENTRANTS TO THE MILITARY SERVICES AND THEIR RESPECTIVE

COMPONENTS 58

6.5. SEPARATION FOR DRUG OR ALCOHOL DEPENDENCY DURING

ACCESSION.

a. Voided Enlistment or Appointment.

The enlistment or appointment of any person determined to have a drug (non-tobacco) or

alcohol substance use disorder at the time of such enlistment or appointment will be voided as a

release from custody or control of the Military Service, in accordance with DoDIs 1332.14 and

1332.30. A person whose enlistment or appointment is voided will be referred to a civilian

treatment facility.

b. Enlisted Members.

The basis for discharge of enlisted members, pursuant to the policies established by this

issuance, will normally be erroneous enlistment (uncharacterized), in accordance with DoDI

1332.14. The Military Services are not precluded, in appropriate cases, from taking appropriate

disciplinary action against a member or processing a member for discharge, with or without a

characterization, under an alternative basis. The counseling requirement in DoDI 1332.14 for

separation based on entry-level performance and conduct is waived for the purposes of discharge

resulting from initial entry drug and alcohol testing pursuant to this issuance.

(1) Enlisted personnel:

(a) Who refuse to consent to drug or alcohol testing or evaluation during IEAD will

be discharged.

(b) Confirmed positive:

1. For any drug on the testing panel, who do not possess a valid prescription to

account for the positive drug test result, will be:

a. Discharged in accordance with regulations of the Military Service

concerned.

b. Permanently disqualified from military service unless the Secretary of the

Military Department concerned grants a waiver following an individual assessment of the

particular case.

2. At or above a 0.05 percent blood alcohol level, who are not alcohol dependent,

will be discharged unless the Secretary of the Military Department concerned grants a waiver

following an individual assessment of the particular case.

(2) During national emergencies when conscription is authorized, the Secretaries of the

Military Departments may retain inductees who test positive for drugs or alcohol if deemed

appropriate considering all relevant factors at the time.

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c. Officer Policy.

(1) Applications for appointments as cadets or midshipmen will be disapproved if the

applicant refuses to consent to drug or alcohol testing or evaluation during IEAD.

(2) ROTC members will be dis-enrolled, in accordance with DoD Instruction 1215.08, if

they refuse to consent to testing or evaluation, are diagnosed with a drug dependency, or test

positive, unless the member possesses a valid prescription to account for the positive drug test

result. Positive drug test results or refusal to consent to testing or evaluation may be treated as

evidence of misconduct for purposes of recoupment or ordering to active duty in an enlisted

status. During national emergencies when conscription is authorized, the Secretaries of the

Military Departments may retain cadets and midshipmen who test positive and who receive a

waiver, if deemed appropriate considering all relevant factors at the time.

(3) Officers who test positive after appointment, who do not possess a valid prescription

to account for the positive drug test result, or who refuse to consent to testing or evaluation, will

be given an honorable discharge or general discharge under honorable conditions, unless the

separating authority determines, pursuant to applicable Service regulations, that a discharge

under other than honorable conditions is more appropriate based upon other misconduct.

Positive drug test results or refusal to consent to testing or evaluation may be treated as evidence

of misconduct for purposes of recoupment or ordering to active duty in an enlisted status,

pursuant to applicable Service regulations.

(4) Individuals covered under Paragraphs 6.5.b.(1)(b) and 6.5.b.(2) who are confirmed

positive at or above a 0.05 percent blood alcohol level and who do not have an alcohol use

disorder, will be denied appointment or discharged, as appropriate, unless the Secretary of the

Military Department concerned grants a waiver following an individual assessment of the

particular case.

d. Notification of Discharge.

Members separated as a result of testing positive under new entrant drug or alcohol testing

must be properly identified during screening of applicants by the MEPS and recruitment centers,

in the event the member applies for reentry, or entry to another Service or Component.

Therefore, within 2 duty days following separation, the separation authority will furnish the

DMDC with:

(1) The individual’s:

(a) Name;

(b) DoD ID; or

(2) Other appropriate data.

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OF APPLICANTS AND NEW ENTRANTS TO THE MILITARY SERVICES AND THEIR RESPECTIVE

COMPONENTS 60

6.6. QUALIFICATION AND DISQUALIFICATION.

a. Applicants for military service participating in drug or alcohol testing, including such

testing at MEPS, must test negative for drugs and alcohol prior to entering active duty, the

Reserve Component, or the National Guard. A positive drug test constitutes use.

b. When applicants test positive for alcohol, the disqualification periods detailed in this

paragraph apply.

(1) Disqualification Period, First Positive Alcohol Test.

Applicants testing positive for the first time for alcohol are not eligible for military

service for a period of 45 days from the date of test administration (i.e., collection date).

Applicants may, at Service discretion, return for subsequent testing and MEPS processing, if

appropriate, on the 46th day following the date of the first positive test administration. In such

cases, applicants must have documentation from a MEPS-directed medical provider (preferably a

behavioral health provider) indicating that the individual does not meet criteria for an alcohol use

disorder.

(2) Disqualification Period, Second Positive Alcohol Test.

Applicants testing positive on a second test are not eligible for military service for a

period of 24 months (730 days) from the test administration date (i.e., collection date) of the

second positive test. Applicants may, at Service discretion, return for subsequent testing and

MEPS processing, if appropriate, on the 731st day following the administration date of the

second positive test.

(3) Disqualification Period, Third Positive Alcohol Test.

Applicants testing positive on a third alcohol test will be permanently disqualified for

military service.

(4) Combined Use of Alcohol and Drugs.

The Military Services may implement more restrictive standards of applicant

qualification and disqualification for use of alcohol or drugs. If an applicant tests positive for:

(a) Both alcohol and drugs on the same processing day (i.e., date of test), this will be

counted as one positive test.

(b) Alcohol on 1 day and positive for drugs on a subsequent day, or vice versa, this

will be counted as two positive tests.

c. When applicants test positive for any drug on the testing panel, the disqualification

periods detailed in this paragraph apply.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 6: PROCEDURES FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE TESTING AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSING

OF APPLICANTS AND NEW ENTRANTS TO THE MILITARY SERVICES AND THEIR RESPECTIVE

COMPONENTS 61

(1) Disqualification Period, First Positive Drug Test.

Applicants testing positive for the first time for any drug on the testing panel are not

eligible for military service for a period of 90 days from the date of test administration (i.e.,

collection date). Applicants may, at Service discretion, return for subsequent testing and MEPS

processing, if appropriate, on the 91st day following the date of the first positive test

administration. In such cases, a MEPS-directed medical provider, at their discretion and based

upon their level of suspicion of substance misuse, may refer the applicant for psychiatric or

behavioral health consultation to document that the individual does not meet criteria for a

substance use disorder.

(2) Disqualification Period, Second Positive Drug Test.

Applicants testing positive for any drug on the testing panel on a second test are

permanently disqualified for military service.

d. Applicants testing positive for a combination of testable drugs or alcohol are processed in

accordance with this paragraph.

(1) An applicant testing positive for:

(a) A combination of drugs on one specimen will be counted as one positive test and

processed pursuant to the drug positive standard in Paragraph 6.6.c.(1).

(b) Alcohol or drugs on one specimen, at any time, and who subsequently tests

positive for drugs will be permanently disqualified from military service.

positive for alcohol will be processed pursuant to Paragraph 6.6.b.(2).

(2) If the applicant provides a third positive specimen for alcohol, the applicant will be

permanently disqualified for military service pursuant to Paragraph 6.6.b.(3).

e. The Military Services may implement more restrictive standards of applicant qualification

and disqualification.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 7: SPECIAL DRUG TESTING 62

SECTION 7: SPECIAL DRUG TESTING

7.1. SPECIAL DRUG TESTING.

a. Offenses under the Uniform Code of Military Justice include the wrongful use of:

(1) Anabolic steroids, as specified in the Designer Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2014

and subsequent amendments.

(2) Controlled substances regulated in Sections 802 and 812 of Title 21, United States

Code.

(3) Other products (e.g., inhalants, cleaning agents, or other substances) taken into or

applied to the human body for reasons:

(a) Outside of their intended purpose; or

(b) That degrade security, military fitness, readiness, and good order and discipline.

(4) Prescription drugs and over-the-counter medications by Military Service members.

b. In addition to anabolic steroids, performance-enhancing drugs explicitly listed in Classes

S1, S2, and S4 of the World Anti-Doping Code Prohibited List, including all updates and

amendments by the World Anti-Doping Agency, will be reported to submitting units because

these substances are often used:

(1) In conjunction with anabolic steroids as part of on-off use cycles; or

(2) To suppress unwanted side effects.

c. Commanders must be:

(1) Aware of the potential harm that abuse and misuse of drugs and other substances

have on the health, well-being, safety, and morale of the:

(a) Individual Service member.

(b) Entire unit.

(2) Attuned to incidents of drug and substance misuse not covered by testing conducted

within the MPDATP. Special testing is available for many of these substances; and requests for

such testing requires coordination with:

(a) Legal authority to establish an appropriate collection premise, in accordance with

DoDI 1010.01.

(b) The Military Service drug testing program managers.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 7: SPECIAL DRUG TESTING 63

7.2. STEROID, ANABOLIC STEROIDS, AND PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING DRUG

TESTING.

a. Steroid and performance-enhancing drug testing will only be conducted at a DoD-

approved laboratory (e.g., a reputable laboratory recommended by the Director, ODDR).

b. Steroid testing is considered when substantial indications exist to suspect wrongful steroid

use pursuant to a probable cause, command-directed, or medical basis. Random testing or unit

sweeps for steroid misuse is not authorized.

c. Prior to the submission of specimen(s) for steroid testing, a written, signed request must

be submitted to the Military Service personnel DDRP manager or Military Service designee

describing the basis for submission. Failure to coordinate prior to submission may result in:

(1) The specimen(s) not being tested; or

(2) A delay in the submission of the specimen(s) to the contract steroid testing

laboratory.

d. Specimens submitted only for steroid testing must contain a minimum of 60 milliliters of

urine and must be collected using the same CoC, observation, and security procedures described

in this issuance for routine drug testing specimens. However, these specimens must not be

placed in the same shipping container with other specimens being submitted for routine drug

testing to the Military Service FTDTL.

e. If routine drug testing is requested in addition to steroid testing on a single individual, two

separate specimen bottle submissions are required. A minimum of 60 milliliters must be

collected for steroid testing; and a separate specimen, containing a minimum of 30 milliliters,

must be collected for routine drug testing. Separate CoC documentation must be completed for

each specimen collected from the individual. The two specimen bottles and CoC documentation

for the single individual:

(1) May be submitted in the same shipping container.

(2) Must not be comingled with other specimen bottles submitted for testing.

7.3. OTHER SPECIAL TESTING REQUESTS.

a. Special testing will only be conducted at:

(1) A DoD-approved laboratory (i.e., a reputable laboratory recommended by the

Director, ODDR and with the approval of the Military Service drug testing program manager); or

(2) FORTOX, AFMES.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 7: SPECIAL DRUG TESTING 64

b. Testing for drugs, chemicals, compounds, or their metabolites other than those routinely

tested pursuant to this issuance (i.e., those listed in Tables 2 and 3) may be requested with prior

consultation with the:

(1) Respective legal authority.

(2) FTDTL Commander/commanding officer.

(3) Military Service drug testing program manager.

(4) Military Service personnel DDRP manager.

(5) Director, FORTOX.

c. Service member specimens:

(1) Will be collected and transported under the same policy requirements of Paragraphs

4.3 and 4.4.

(2) May be directly submitted, or aliquots may be forwarded by the FTDTL, to the DoD-

approved laboratory or the AFMES. The recipient laboratory must:

(a) Have demonstrated expertise in conducting urine drug testing and use certified

and validated reference standards in their analyses.

(b) Employ two independent methodologies, based on different scientific principles,

to report results for specimens. If two independent methodologies are not available, positive

results reporting using only DoD-approved separation techniques with MS detection is

permitted; however, duplicate analyses must be completed with distinct aliquots for each

analysis.

d. Since administrative cutoff concentrations are not established for drugs other than those in

Tables 2 and 3, the DoD–approved laboratory or the AFMES may report a specimen as positive

when the concentration of the drug or metabolite exceeds the laboratory-determined limit of

quantification.

e. When submitting specimens to FORTOX, AFMES:

(1) Consultation with legal authority to establish an appropriate collection premise, in

accordance with DoDI 1010.01, is recommended. Specific guidance regarding approval and

specimen collection requirements for special drug testing is published on the AFMES Forensic

Toxicology Website at https://health.mil/afmes.

(2) Failure to coordinate with the FTDTL or the Director, FORTOX, prior to specimen

submission(s) may result in the specimen(s) not being tested or a delay in testing. Specimens

may be collected using the AFMES Toxicology submission form—AFMES Form 18, “Forensic

Toxicology Analysis Request”—located at on their website. Specimen(s), with prior

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

SECTION 7: SPECIAL DRUG TESTING 65

coordination for special drug testing and their accompanying CoC form, can be mailed directly

to the FORTOX at the address provided on their website.

7.4. SVT.

SVT:

a. May be requested by a:

(1) Trial judge;

(2) Staff judge advocate;

(3) Medical review officer;

(4) Unit commander;

(5) Military Service personnel DDRP manager; or

(6) FTDTL commander/commanding officer.

b. Includes pH, specific gravity, general oxidant, and creatinine testing, the results of which

may be used:

(1) To identify substitution, validity, adulteration; or

(2) If a drug positive is residual from the previous positive result or represents new drug

use.

c. Requests should be coordinated through the respective FTDTL. FTDTL Fort Meade:

(1) Is certified to perform SVT under Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug

Testing Programs.

(2) Will perform SVT on Military Service member specimens, upon request.

7.5. OVER-THE-COUNTER SUPPLEMENT TESTING.

When legal or command authority deems it necessary to test a supplement for the suspected

presence of a controlled substance, reputable laboratories recommended by the Director, ODDR,

must be used. All such testing will be at the Service member’s expense. A pristine, unopened

portion of the supplement must be obtained:

a. At the Service member’s expense.

b. From the same lot as that suspected of contamination.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

GLOSSARY 66

GLOSSARY

G.1. ACRONYMS.

ACRONYM

MEANING

AFMES

Armed Forces Medical Examiner System

asymmetry factor

BTAB

Biochemical Testing Advisory Board

C/MS

chromatography/mass spectrometry

COA

certificate of analysis

CoC

chain of custody

COOP

continuity of operations plan

DDRP

Drug Demand Reduction Program

DHA

Defense Health Agency

DMDC

Defense Manpower Data Center

DoDI

DoD instruction

DoD ID

DoD identification number

EDFR

Executive Director, Force Resiliency

expert witness

FORTOX

Division of Forensic Toxicology

FTDTL

forensic toxicology drug testing laboratory

gas chromatography

immunoassay

IEAD

initial entry on active duty

IMS

information management system

internal standard

LAN

laboratory accession number

liquid chromatography

LCO

laboratory certifying official

LIMS

laboratory information management system

LOD

limit of detection

MEPS

Military Entrance Processing Station

MFR

memorandum for record

MPDATP

Military Personnel Drug Abuse Testing Program

MRP

medical review process

mass spectrometry

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

GLOSSARY 67

ACRONYM

MEANING

MS/MS

tandem mass spectrometry

NCE

non-conforming event

NG/ML

nanogram/milliliter

ODDR

Office of Drug Demand Reduction

OEM

original equipment manufacturer

operating procedures

PhD

Doctor of Philosophy

quality assurance

QAO

quality assurance officer

quality control

ROTC

Reserve Officer Training Corps

retention time

SFTDTL

special forensic toxicology drug testing laboratory

SSN

social security number

SVS

system verification sample

SVT

specimen validity testing

SYCAN

synthetic cannabinoid

USD(P&R)

Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness

USMEPCOM

United States Military Entrance Processing Command

G.2. DEFINITIONS.

Unless otherwise noted, these terms and their definitions are for the purpose of this issuance.

TERM

DEFINITION

adulterated

When reported as part of specimen validity testing, a urine specimen

to which a substance has been added to alter the normal physiological

composition of urine. This determination is based on measurement

of a non-physiological pH and/or the presence of substances that are

not normal constituents of urine or substances that are normal

constituents of urine but are at non-physiologically-relevant

concentrations.

aliquot

A portion of a specimen used in drug analysis.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

GLOSSARY 68

TERM

DEFINITION

analyte

A drug or drug metabolite for which a specimen or sample is being

analyzed or tested.

approved bottles

National Stock Number 6640-01-681-3575.

autotune

An adjustment of MS conditions that ensures the ability of the MS to

accurately measure ion mass resolution.

batch

A set of specimens consisting of calibrator(s), open and blind

controls, and actual Service member specimens. A certification batch

consists of calibrator(s) and controls only.

certification set

A series of samples prepared by the AFMES for purposes of

certifying an FTDTL to conduct testing and reporting of selected

drugs.

controls

Samples prepared to exact specifications and analyzed to ensure the

reliable performance of an analytical procedure. Controls include:

blind control. A positive or negative control, included in a batch,

where the location and composition is unknown to the technician

involved in the analytical procedure.

calibrator. A control used to establish a standard or reference

concentration, such as the cutoff, in an analytical procedure.

negative control. A control that is absent the analyte(s) of

interest in an analytical procedure.

open control. A positive or negative control, included in a batch,

where the location and composition is known to the technician

involved in the analytical procedure.

positive control. A control that contains the analyte(s) at a

concentration above the cutoff.

cutoff

The decision point that determines whether a specimen is negative or

positive and is specified as a concentration value. A specimen is

deemed positive if the concentration of analyte is equal to or greater

than the cutoff.

discrepancy

A deviation in the proper collection and/or submission of a specimen

or accompanying documentation to an FTDTL.

error in reporting

A report issued by an FTDTL in which there is an inconsistency in

non-critical member identity information between the FTDTL report

and DD Form 2624 (e.g., error in date of collection, base area code,

testing premise).

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

GLOSSARY 69

TERM

DEFINITION

false negative

An erroneous negative reporting of a specimen when analyte is

actually present in the specimen.

false positive

A specimen reported positive for an analyte that was subsequently

found to be negative for that analyte (i.e., not present or below the

LOD).

forensic

A term used to denote a set of accepted procedural and reporting

standards that adhere to scientific and legal requirements for

evidentiary purposes in court proceedings.

IEAD

The member’s first period of full-time duty in an active Military

Service following enlistment or appointment.

invalid

When reported from routine testing, the laboratory was unable to

finalize confirmatory testing, due to either chromatographic

interference or depletion of the specimen during the course of testing.

When reported as part of specimen validity testing, this refers to a

situation that prevents the laboratory from completing testing or

obtaining a valid drug test result, due to an unidentified adulterant, an

unidentified interfering substance, an abnormal physical

characteristic, or the presence of a routine physiological substance at

an abnormal concentration.

limit of

quantification

The lowest analyte concentration that can be accurately and precisely

measured.

LOD

The lowest analyte concentration that can identify the presence of a

drug or its metabolite.

metabolite

A compound that is excreted in the urine whenever the parent drug is

modified by processes within the human body.

Military Services

Refers to the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force,

Coast Guard, and the Active, Guard, and Reserve Components.

non-conforming

event

An occurrence that is outside the normal FTDTL business processes,

as delineated in the OP manual.

non-testable

discrepancy

A discrepancy that prohibits testing of the specimen by an FTDTL.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

GLOSSARY 70

TERM

DEFINITION

on-off cycles

Steroids are often used in patterns that involve taking varied doses of

steroids over a period of time. The variation in steroid use can

include increasing, substituting, overlapping, and decreasing doses.

opioids

A class of natural or synthetic narcotic analgesics.

presumptive positive

A specimen that tests positive above a pre-determined concentration

in the initial screening test but has not been confirmed by C/MS

analysis.

proficiency test

samples

Samples submitted to an FTDTL by the AFMES for purposes of

assessing the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of testing

conducted at the FTDTL.

The amount of time that an analyte is retained on a chromatographic

column during a C/MS analytical procedure.

specimen

A urine sample collected from a Military Service member and

submitted to an FTDTL for analysis.

steroid

Defined in the Designer Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2014, and

subsequent amendments.

substituted

When reported as part of specimen validity testing, a result indicating

that another substance has been submitted for testing in place of the

Service member’s urine. This result is based on measurements of

endogenous substances that are outside of the physiologically-

relevant ranges for human urine.

summary packet

An abbreviated laboratory record.

testable discrepancy

A discrepancy that does not preclude testing of the specimen by an

FTDTL.

unadulterated

specimen

A urine specimen that has not been tampered with or intentionally

altered from its normal physiological composition.

validation

A process of performing multiple tests designed to verify that an

analytical system (i.e., instrument or procedure) is suitable for its

intended purpose and is capable of providing scientifically accurate

and precise analytical data. Method validation includes, but is not

limited to, evaluation of linearity, precision (i.e., reproducibility),

accuracy, interference, specificity, and carryover.

DoDI 1010.16, June 15, 2020

REFERENCES 71

REFERENCES

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 32, “National Defense”

Designer Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2014

DoD Directive 5124.02, “Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness (USD(P&R)),

June 23, 2008

DoD Instruction 1010.01, “Military Personnel Drug Abuse Testing Program (MPDATP),”

September 13, 2012, as amended

DoD Instruction 1215.08, “Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) Programs,”

January 19, 2017, as amended

DoD Instruction 1332.14, “Enlisted Administrative Separations,” January 27, 2014, as amended

DoD Instruction 1332.30, “Commissioned Officer Administrative Separations,” May 11, 2018,

as amended

DoD Instruction 5154.30, “Armed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES) Operations,”

December 29, 2015, as amended

DoD Instruction 8500.01, “Cybersecurity,” March 14, 2014, as amended

Federal Register, Volume 82, “Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing

Programs,” October 1, 2017, pages 7920-7970

Public Law 100-456, Section 521, “National Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989,”

September 29, 1988

United States Code, Title 21, “Food and Drugs”

United States Postal Service, Publication 52 “Hazardous, Restricted, and Perishable Mail,”

current edition

World Anti-Doping Code Prohibited List 2019, Classes S0 to S5, pages 2-5