EK-RA8D1 Modbus TCP - Quick Start Guide

Application Note

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Renesas RA Family

Quick Start Guide: EK-RA8D1 Modbus TCP

Introduction

This document is a quick start guide for evaluating Modbus communication with the RA microcomputer

evaluation board.

Modbus protocol is a communication protocol developed by Modicon Inc. (Schneider Electric SA.) for

programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and its specifications are open to the public.

For details, refer to the protocol specifications (PI-MBUS-300 Rev.J).

Target Device

EK-RA8D1

Contents

1. Overview ................................................................................................................................. 2

1.1 Abbreviations/Definitions ......................................................................................................................... 2

1.2 Reference ................................................................................................................................................ 2

2. Features .................................................................................................................................. 3

3. Structure of the Sample Application ......................................................................................... 4

3.1 FSP Drivers ............................................................................................................................................. 4

3.2 Modbus Protocol Stack ........................................................................................................................... 4

3.3 ModbusDemoApplication.exe .................................................................................................................. 4

4. Operating Environment ............................................................................................................ 5

5. Board Setting and Connection ................................................................................................. 5

6. Execution of Modbus Sample Program .................................................................................... 6

7. Modbus Communication Demo with Evaluation Tool ............................................................. 10

7.1 IP Address Setting ................................................................................................................................. 10

7.2 Setting of Modbus Demo Application .................................................................................................... 11

7.2.1 Specification of Demonstration ............................................................................................................ 12

8. Appendix ............................................................................................................................... 13

8.1 Appendix A: DHCP Mode ...................................................................................................................... 13

8.2 Appendix B: User-defined Function....................................................................................................... 14

8.2.1 Register Callback Function ................................................................................................................. 14

8.2.2 Register Function Code ....................................................................................................................... 14

8.2.3 User-Defined Functions ....................................................................................................................... 14

8.3 Appendix C: Debugger configuration .................................................................................................... 16

Revision History ............................................................................................................................ 20

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1. Overview

This document is for the Modbus protocol stack that operates on the EK-RA8D1 evaluation board, and

describes the function overview, application programming interface (API), and application samples for

developing and implementing applications using the protocol stack.

This package supports the Ethernet-based Modbus TCP protocol.

This Quick Start Guide provides:

• Instructions for running the Quick Start example project.

• Instructions for importing, modifying, and building the Quick Start example project using Flexible

Software Package (FSP) and e

studio Integrated Development Environment (IDE).

• Instructions for connecting with a master and operating simple demo.

1.1 Abbreviations/Definitions

Table 1.1 Abbreviations/Definitions

Index

Abbreviations

/Definitions

Description

Internet Protocol

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

USB

Universal Serial Bus

Personal Computer

Switch

EWARM

Embedded Workbench

for ARM

LED

Light Emitting Diode

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

Wireshark

Free packet capture tool to check packets flowing on LAN

1.2 Reference

Technical information about Modbus is available through Modbus organization site, and information about

EK-RA8D1 is available through Renesas.

Table 1.2 Technical Inputs

Index

Technical Inputs

r01ds0416xx0110-ra8d1.pdf

r01uh0995xx0110-ra8d1.pdf

r20ut5205eg0100_ek-ra8d1_user_manual.pdf

Modicon Modbus Protocol Reference Guide Rev.J

Modbus Application Protocol Specification V1.1b3

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2. Features

Modbus protocol stack for EK-RA8D1 allows for quick and easy development of the Modbus TCP

applications.

Modbus function code supported by the initialization API is also specified. The following nine function codes

can be implemented in this stack.

• 1(0x01) – Read coils

• 2(0x02) – Read discrete input

• 3(0x03) – Read holding registers

• 4(0x04) – Read input registers

• 5(0x05) – Write single coil

• 6(0x06) – Write single register

• 15(0x0F) – Write multiple coils

• 16(0x10) – Write multiple registers

• 23(0x17) – Read/Write multiple registers

For more information about Modbus, refer to the following site:

http://www.modbus.org

Note: The version number may differ depending on the update. Refer to the latest manual.

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3. Structure of the Sample Application

This sample application consists of three blocks:

• FSP driver including FreeRTOS+TCP.

• Modbus protocol stack sample program using RTOS and TCP/IP stack.

• Application sample program using Modbus protocol stack.

3.1 FSP Drivers

• e2studio/ra

This directory includes the code required for the following Modbus protocol stack:

 BSP (Board support package) for EK-RA8D1

 HAL (Hardware abstraction layer) drivers

 FreeRTOS and FreeRTOS+TCP.

FreeRTOS is an open-source software for real-time operating system (RTOS) for microcontrollers.

Refer to the following link for details.

https://www.freertos.org/index.html

https://aws.amazon.com/freertos/

• e2studio/ra_gen

This directory included the code required for the following Modbus protocol stack:

 HAL (Hardware abstraction layer) drivers

• e2studio/ra_cfg

This directory included the code required for the following Modbus protocol stack.

 BSP (Board support package) for EK-RA8D1

 FreeRTOS and FreeRTOS+TCP.

3.2 Modbus Protocol Stack

• e2studio/Modbus

 Modbus protocol stack and TCP/IP communication are implemented.

 Codes in this directory will create and delete tasks. User does not need to modify

codes.

• e2studio/Modbus_user

 Users can register their own implementations of Modbus function codes into Modbus protocol stack.

 Codes in this directory are examples to initialize Modbus protocol stack and register the user's

implementation of Modbus function codes by Modbus protocol stack APIs.

3.3 ModbusDemoApplication.exe

This executable file is the TCP demo server for TCP/IP communication. It can be used to run the

Modbus protocol stack demonstration.

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4. Operating Environment

The sample program covered in this manual run in the following environment.

Table 4.1 Operating Environment

Item

Description

Board

EK-RA8D1 v1.0

CPU

Cortex

-M85

Operating frequency

CPU clock (CPUCLK): 480 MHz

Operating voltage

3.3 V

Device requirements

R7FA8D1AHECBD

• Flash memory

Capacity: 2 MB

• SDRAM

Capacity: 1 MB

Integrated development environment

studio 2023-10 or later

MCU software package

FSP (Flexible Software Package) v5.1.0

Emulator

J-LINK OB

Communications protocol

Modbus TCP

Master tool

ModbusDemoApplication.exe: Modbus evaluation test program

5. Board Setting and Connection

Connect the PC to the EK-RA8D1 board as shown below.

Power is supplied by connecting a USB micro-B cable to the board.

For Modbus TCP communication, use RJ45 connector and connect to PC with LAN cable.

Figure 5. EK-RA8D1 Board Connection Configuration

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6. Execution of Modbus Sample Program

This section describes the instructions for communicating with the Modbus sample application.

Refer to section, 4 Operating Environment and section 5, Board Setting and Connection in advance to

complete tool installation and hardware connection.

1. Import the sample project after the e

studio is started by selecting File > Import > Existing Projects

into Workspace.

Check the select root directory and select r20an0737xx0100-ra8d1-modbus_tcp folder > Finish.

2. Open "cofiguration.xml" in the " EK_RA8D1_Modbus" project

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3. Generate the code with "Generate Project Content".

4. Execute the build.

At this time, confirm that there are no build errors.

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5. Download the application and run the debugger.

After connecting the board and J-Link OB, start debugging using the following procedure. In Project

Explorer view, right-click the node of project to be debugged and select Debug As > Debug

Configurations.

6. Program download.

Select Renesas GDB Hardware Debugging > EK_RA8D1_Modbus Debug_Flat, then press Debug.

Note: Debugger configuration is described in Appendix C.

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The following dialog will appear, so switch to the debug screen.

7. Program start.

Click the Resume button.

When debugging is started, the program is interrupted at main.c;

Click the Resume button again to run the program.

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7. Modbus Communication Demo with Evaluation Tool

This section uses the evaluation tool (ModbusDemoApplication.exe) to demonstrate the procedure for

checking the demo operation of the sample program.

7.1 IP Address Setting

To run the Modbus sample program, it is necessary to set the IP address of the PC to the same domain.

as the evaluation board.

1. Open the network connections list.

Control panel > Network and Sharing Center > Change adapter settings.

Double-click (or right-click) on the Local Area Connection, then select Properties.

Select TCP/IPv4 and click the Properties button.

2. Set IP-address to 192.168.1.101, and subnet mask to 255.255.255.0.

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7.2 Setting of Modbus Demo Application

1. Open ModbusDemoApplication.exe which is included in this example project package.

“Connection” is selected to TCP server and set server IP address (for example, “192.168.1.100”) and

Port No (for example, “502”).

2. When Connect button is clicked, LED blinking is started with Modbus communication.

3. By using a packet analysis tool like Wireshark, you can check the Modbus communication status as

follows.

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7.2.1 Specification of Demonstration

By communicating with PC through the Modbus TCP protocol, LED blinking is controlled dynamically.

For this control, Read Coil and Write Coil commands are used.

PC application checks the state of the switch (SW1), by using Modbus "Read_Discrete_Inputs" function

code.

According to the states of the switch, the states of the output ports, which are connected to LED,

are updated periodically.

1. When SW1 is OFF, LED1-3 flash periodically.

2. When SW1 is ON, LED1-3 light up depending on the input value of the coil value of the demo

application's I/O.

updated periodically

manual input

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8. Appendix

8.1 Appendix A: DHCP Mode

Set DHCP mode using FSP.

1. Open configuration.xml from Modbus project.

2. Click Stacks tab to open the Stacks Configuration window and select the FreeRTOS + TCP in the left

threads window. Open the properties, change Use DHCP to Enable and click Generate Project

Content button.

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8.2 Appendix B: User-defined Function

This section describes Modbus function codes. Users can register their own implementation of Modbus

function code with Modbus protocol stack.

8.2.1 Register Callback Function

Define a user-written function. This sample program uses an LED light as example.

Definition file: /Modbus_user/modbus_init.c

• Callback function corresponding to function code1 (Read coil)

 Read from the coil corresponding to the switches.

• Callback function corresponding to function code5 (Write single coil)

 Write to the coil corresponding to the LED.

8.2.2 Register Function Code

Definition file: /Modbus_user/modbus_func.c

Define the function to be registered in call back function.

8.2.3 User-Defined Functions

User-defined functions are defined in the Modbus_user/modbus_user.c

Use the user-defined Read/Write function to process each function.

The corresponding Read/Write function and its table of each address of Coil / Discrete Input /

Holding register / Input register are prepared.

【Read Coils

】

address

access

0001

LED1, g_coils_area

0002

LED2, g_coils_area

0003

LED3, g_coils_area

0004

g_coils_area

0005

g_coils_area

0006

g_coils_area

0007

g_coils_area

0008

g_coils_area

【Write_Single_Coils

】

address

access

0001

LED1, g_coils_area

0002

LED2, g_coils_area

0003

LED3, g_coils_area

0004

g_coils_area

0005

g_coils_area

0006

g_coils_area

0007

g_coils_area

0008

g_coils_area

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【Read_Discrete_Inputs

】

address

access

1001

S1,g_discrete_input_area

1002

g_discrete_input_area

1003

g_discrete_input_area

1004

g_discrete_input_area

1005

g_discrete_input_area

1006

g_discrete_input_area

1007

g_discrete_input_area

1008

g_discrete_input_area

1009

g_discrete_input_area

10010

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

10011

g_discrete_input_area

10012

g_discrete_input_area

【Read_Discrete_Inputs

】

address

access

3001

g_input_reg_area

3002

g_input_reg_area

3003

g_input_reg_area

3004

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

3005

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

3006

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

3007

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

3008

g_input_reg_area

【READ_HOLDING_REGISTERS

】

address

access

4001

g_holding_reg_area

4002

g_holding_reg_area

4003

g_holding_reg_area

4004

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

4005

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

4006

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

4007

g_holding_reg_area

【WRITE_SINGLE_REGISTER

】

address

access

4001

g_holding_reg_area

4002

g_holding_reg_area

4003

g_holding_reg_area

4004

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

4005

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

4006

ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS

4007

g_holding_reg_area

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8.3 Appendix C: Debugger configuration

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Revision History

Rev.

Date

Description

Page

Summary

1.00

Dec.11.23

First version

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Unit Products

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products covered by this document, refer to the relevant sections of the document as well as any technical updates that have been issued for the products.

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A strong electrical field, when exposed to a CMOS device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and ultimately degrade the device operation. Steps

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devices must not be touched with bare hands. Similar precautions must be taken for printed circuit boards with mounted semiconductor devices.

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The state of the product is undefined at the time when power is supplied. The states of internal circuits in the LSI are indeterminate and the states of

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level at which resetting is specified.

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Do not input signals or an I/O pull-up power supply while the device is powered off. The current injection that results from input of such a signal or I/O

pull-up power supply may cause malfunction and the abnormal current that passes in the device at this time may cause degradation of internal

elements. Follow the guideline for input signal during power-off state as described in your product documentation.

4. Handling of unused pins

Handle unused pins in accordance with the directions given under handling of unused pins in the manual. The input pins of CMOS products are

generally in the high-impedance state. In operation with an unused pin in the open-circuit state, extra electromagnetic noise is induced in the vicinity of

the LSI, an associated shoot-through current flows internally, and malfunctions occur due to the false recognition of the pin state as an input signal

become possible.

5. Clock signals

After applying a reset, only release the reset line after the operating clock signal becomes stable. When switching the clock signal during program

execution, wait until the target clock signal is stabilized. When the clock signal is generated with an external resonator or from an external oscillator

during a reset, ensure that the reset line is only released after full stabilization of the clock signal. Additionally, when switching to a clock signal

produced with an external resonator or by an external oscillator while program execution is in progress, wait until the target clock signal is stable.

6. Voltage application waveform at input pin

Waveform distortion due to input noise or a reflected wave may cause malfunction. If the input of the CMOS device stays in the area between V

(Max.) and V

(Min.) due to noise, for example, the device may malfunction. Take care to prevent chattering noise from entering the device when the

input level is fixed, and also in the transition period when the input level passes through the area between V

(Max.) and V

(Min.).

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Access to reserved addresses is prohibited. The reserved addresses are provided for possible future expansion of functions. Do not access these

addresses as the correct operation of the LSI is not guaranteed.

8. Differences between products

Before changing from one product to another, for example to a product with a different part number, confirm that the change will not lead to problems.

The characteristics of a microprocessing unit or microcontroller unit products in the same group but having a different part number might differ in terms

of internal memory capacity, layout pattern, and other factors, which can affect the ranges of electrical characteristics, such as characteristic values,

operating margins, immunity to noise, and amount of radiated noise. When changing to a product with a different part number, implement a system-

evaluation test for the given product.

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and Cortex

are registered trademarks of Arm Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the EU and/or elsewhere.

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・Additionally all product names and service names in this document are a trademark or a registered trademark

which belongs to the respective owners. a trademark or a registered trademark which belongs to the respective

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