WHICH IWC ORDER?
Classifications
DIVISION OF LABOR STANDARDS ENFORCEMENT MARCH 2013
This pamphlet is intended as a guide in determining the
classifications of businesses and occupations under the Industrial
Welfare Commission Orders.
These guidelines and classifications of employees are general in
nature and the existence of specific facts and circumstances of
the employment relationship and operations of a particular
employer may require a different determination of proper
classification that the general one set forth herein.
As new types of businesses and occupations are constantly coming
into existence, there undoubtedly are businesses and occupations
that have not been included herein. Additionally, as industry
practices and business structures evolve, circumstances may dictate
the change in classification of a particular occupation from one
wage order to another wage order.
Employers
are advised
that
while courts
may
find
this
pamphlet
to
be useful
in
determining
the classification
of business
and
occupations
under the Industrial
Welfare Commission
Orders,
courts
are not
required
to
follow
the classifications
of occupations
listed
herein
and
that
compliance with
the guidelines
suggested
herein
do
not
establish
a “safe harbor” for classifying
an
employee
within a particular wage order.
2
EXE
MPT
E
MPLOYEE
S/OCCUPATIONS 10
IWC
ORDER
COVERAGE 12
Order
1 –
MANUFAC
TURING INDUSTRY
CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS AND ACTIVITIES
UNDER
IWC
ORDE
RS 8,
13
and
14
6
SEPARATE UNITS OF MU
LTI-PURPOSE COMPANIES 5
INCIDENTAL
HOUSEKEEPING ACTIVITIES
5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
CLASSIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES: INDUSTRY OR OCCUPATION ORDER? 4
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12
Ord
er
2 –
P
ERSONAL
SERVICE
INDUSTR
Y 14
Order
3 –
CANNI
NG,
FREEZING,
AND PRESERVING INDUSTRY 14
Order
4 –
PROFESSIONAL,
TECHNICAL,
CLERICAL,
MECHANICAL
and
SIMILAR
OCCUPATIONS
15
Order
5
–
PUBLIC
HOUSEKEE
PING INDUSTRY
18
Order
6
–
LAUNDRY,
LINEN SUPPLY,
DRY CLEANING AND DYEING INDUSTRY
20
Order
7
–
MERCANTILE
INDUSTRY 21
Order
8
–
INDUSTRIES HANDLING PRODUCTS AFTER
HARVEST 22
Or
der
9
–
TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY 23
Order
10
–
AMUSEME
NT
AND RECREATION INDUSTRY
24
Order
11
–
B
ROADCASTING INDUSTRY
25
Order
12
–
MOTION PI
CTURE
INDUSTRY 26
Order
13
–
INDUSTRIES PREPARING AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTS FOR
MARKET,
on
the FARM........27
Order
14
-
AGRICULTURAL
OCCUPATIONS .............................................................................................28
Order
15
–
HOUSEHOLD OCCUPATIONS.........................................................................................................
30
Order
16
–
OCCUPATI
ONS in
the CONSTRUCTION,
DRILING,
LOGGING and
MINING INDUSTRIES....30
Order
17
–
MISCELLANEOUS EMPLOYEES
....................................................................................................33
INDEX OF BUSINESS
AND OCCUPATIONS......................................................................................................34
3
......................................................................................................
CLASSIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES: INDUSTRY OR OCCUPATION ORDER?
In order to determine
which Industrial Welfare
Commission (IWC) Order applies to an employer
or
a
business, it
is first necessary
to determine
if a
business is covered by
an industry
order.
An
industry
order (IWC
Orders 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13) regulates wages, hours and
working
conditions in specific industries.
An order is an industry
order if the title
of
the order
contains the word “industry.”
Otherwise, the order is an occupational order (IWC
Orders 4, 14,
15, 16 and 17).
Wage, hour and working
condition regulations
contained in an occupational
order only apply when a business is not covered by an industry order.
Examples of IWC Orders, industry or occupational?
1. IWC Order 1 (manufacturing industry) applies to an office assistant employed by a
company that builds automobiles because the company is covered by an industry order.
2. IWC Order 4 (an occupational order) applies to an office assistant employed in a law firm
because a law firm is not covered by an industry order.
3. IWC Order 5 (public housekeeping industry) applies to a nurse employed by a hospital
because a hospital is covered by an industry order.
4. IWC Order 4 (an occupational order) applies to a nurse employed by a doctor’s office
because a doctor’s office is not covered by an industry order.
5. IWC Order 7 (mercantile industry) applies to a bookkeeper in a retail store operation
because retail stores are covered by an industry order.
6. IWC Order 4 (an occupational order) applies to a bookkeeper in an accounting firm
because and accounting firm is not covered by an industry order.
Note: It is very important that you first determine if a business is covered by any industry order.
If not, you must look to one of the occupational orders for coverage. Please refer to the index of
businesses and occupations for examples of proper application.
A business is classified according to the main purpose of the business except in IWC Order 5
(see section below on Incidental Housekeeping Activities). Large businesses may conduct a
variety of operations and it may appear initially that different industry orders could apply.
However, when those operations are part of the main business, only one order will apply.
Example:
A business’s main purpose is operating a warehouse and incidental thereto employs a
separate sales staff to sell goods. IWC Order 9 covers this operation even though sales are
covered under IWC Order 7 because the main purpose of the business is to operate a
warehouse.
4
SEPARATE UNITS OF MULTI-PURPOSE COMPANIES
Distinct operations in multi-purpose businesses may be covered by different industry orders if
they are operated for different business purposes, and the management is separately organized at
all levels.
Example:
A retail department store (IWC Order 7) owns a restaurant (IWC Order 5) that is located on
the department store premises but is operated as a separate corporate entity. These businesses
are covered by different industry orders because they are operated for different business
purposes, and the management is separately organized at all levels.
Please note that problems in determining correct order coverage occur when businesses are of a
mixed nature. They are best resolved by making a broad assessment of the principal purpose of
the business. This does not mean auditing receipts to compare income from sales and service,
but determining the nature of the business by simple observation and common sense.
INCIDENTAL HOUSEKEEPING ACTIVITIES
IWC Order 5 does not limit coverage to businesses whose main purpose is providing meals,
housing, or maintenance services whether operated as a primary business or when incidental to
other operations in an establishment not covered by an industry order.
Examples:
IWC Order 1 covers a factory that operates a cafeteria. IWC Order 5 does not cover it.
IWC Order 5 covers a private school which is not covered by an industry order and which
provides dormitories or dining facilities.
Where
a
concessionaire
contracts to operate lodging
or
dining
facilities, IWC
Order 5 covers
the concessionaire’s business, but the rest of
the enterprise (school or
factory) is classified
otherwise.
5
CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS AND ACTIVITIES UNDER IWC ORDERS 8, 13, and 14
Agricultural occupations covered by Order 14 are related to the maintenance of soil, buildings
and machinery which constitute the basic farm facilities, and to the cultivation and handling of
farm commodities up through harvest, including field packing and transportation to the place of
first processing or distribution.
Not all employees of farm employers are covered by Order 14. If the grower has a packing or
processing operation in a permanently fixed structure or moving packing plant, the packing or
processing operations workers would fall under Wage Order 13.
A. Activities under Order 13 must be performed:
1. On the farmer’s own crop
2. In a permanent structure or on a moving packing plant (lettuce, carrots, dry onions)
3. In preparation for market (i.e. distribution)
B. Order 8 applies to similar operations on the farm if they include:
1. Handling any agricultural products, other than the grower’s own after harvest or
2. Any packing of a purchased crop or
3. Cooperative warehousing, cooling, grading, sorting, packing, ginning, etc., or
4. Preparing any product for distribution except for the farmer’s own product.
Commodity
Order 14
Order 13
Almonds
Growing, spraying, knocking,
gathering, sun or solar drying in
the field
Hulling, shelling, sorting, grading,
processing, packing, all drying in a
structure including oven drying or
dehydrator drying, fumigating,
shipping
Apples
Growing, spraying, tree propping,
thinning, picking
Washing, sorting, grading, fumigating,
Packing, shipping
Apricots
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking, hand cutting, spreading,
sun or solar drying in the field
Sorting, grading, moisturizing, all
drying in a structure including oven
drying or dehydrator drying, packing,
packaging, shipping
Artichokes
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, picking, field packing
Washing, sorting, grading, trimming,
packing, shipping
Asparagus
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting, field packing
Washing, sorting, grading, trimming,
packing, shipping
Avocados
Growing, spraying, tree propping,
picking
Washing, sorting, grading, packing,
shipping
Beans (dry)
Planting, growing, weeding,
harvesting
Shelling, washing, sorting, grading,
packing, shipping, packaging
Beans (snap)
Planting, growing, weeding,
harvesting
Washing, sorting, grading, trimming,
packing, shipping
6
Broccoli
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting, field packing
Sorting, grading, trimming, packing,
shipping
Brussel Sprouts
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting, field packing
Sorting, grading, trimming, packing,
shipping
Bush Berries
Growing, tying, weeding,
harvesting, field packing
No known activities under Order 13
Cabbage
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting
Sorting, grading, trimming, packing,
shipping
Cauliflower
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting
Sorting, grading, trimming, packing,
shipping
Carrots
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting
In shed or on moving packing plaint:
washing, sorting, trimming, topping,
packing, packaging, shipping
Celery
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting
Sorting, grading, trimming, packing,
shipping
Cherries
Growing, spraying, tree propping,
picking
Sorting, grading, sizing, packing,
shipping
Corn, sweet
Planting, growing, thinning
weeding, harvesting
Sorting, grading, trimming, packing,
shipping
Cotton
Growing, thinning, chopping,
picking
Cotton gin if operated by grower on
own crop
Cucumbers
Planting, growing, thinning,
hoeing, harvesting
Washing, grading, sizing, packing,
shipping
Dates
Growing, de-thorning,
pollinating, tying down, picking,
bulk packing in the field
Sorting, grading, sizing, packing,
shipping
Eggs
All operations if no candling done
All egg room operations if candling
done
Figs
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking, sun or solar drying in the
field
Grading, sorting, packing, fumigating,
all drying in a structure including oven
drying or dehydrator drying, shipping
Flowers, cut
Planting, growing, typing, de-
budding, cutting, field grading,
bunching, (last two operations
done in fields, sun sheds, and
sheds, connected with
greenhouses)
Final grading and packing for
shipment, combining with any
purchased plant materials in preparing
for market
Garlic
Planting, growing, thinning,
weeding, hand-topping, sacking,
cracking seeds only for farmer’s
own use in replanting
Sorting, grading, packaging, packing,
shipping, preparing seeds for market
Grain
Planting, cultivating, harvesting
All drying in a structure including
oven drying or dehydrator drying,
fumigating, weighing, grading
Grapefruit
Growing, spraying, thinning,
Sorting, grading, labeling, packing,
7
picking
shipping
Grapes, table
Growing, thinning, girdling,
pruning, typing, picking, pick-
packing (field)
Sorting, trimming, packing,
fumigating, labeling, shipping
Grapes, wine
Growing, thinning, girdling,
pruning, typing, picking, pick-
packing (field)
Wine production – all activities or
Order 8 if grapes used are not grown
“on the farm”
Hay
Planting, growing, cutting,
stacking, bailing
No known activities under Order 13
Honey
Removing from hive and cone,
rendering (rendering can be last
operation in field or first
operation in shed)
Rendering, heating, bottling, labeling,
cooling, whipping, place in cartons,
packing for shipment
Hops
Planting, growing, stringing,
weaving, separating, sun or solar
drying in the field, bulk bailing
Recompressing or any processing and
packaging after bulk bailing
Lemons
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking
Sorting, grading, labeling, packing,
shipping
Lettuce
Planting, growing, hoeing,
harvesting, field packing
In shed or on moving packing plant:
sorting, trimming, packing, shipping
Melons
Planting, capping, hoeing,
picking, cutting
Sorting, sizing, labeling, packing,
shipping
Milk
Feeding and care of livestock,
milking
Cooling, separating, pasteurizing
Nectarines
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking, hand-cutting, spreading,
sun or solar field drying
Sorting, grading, moisturizing, all
drying in a structure including oven
drying or dehydrator drying, packing,
packaging, shipping
Nursery
Products
Cuttings
Planting, growing, tying, cutting,
rooting
Grading and packing, rooted cuttings
for shipment
Olives
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking
Curing, processing
Onions, dry
Growing, weeding, thinning,
harvesting, hand-topping, sacking
In shed or on moving packing plant:
sorting, trimming, (processing, if for
frozen pack), packing, packaging,
sacking, shipping
Onions, green
Growing, weeding, thinning,
harvesting
Washing, sorting, trimming, bunching,
packing, shipping
Oranges
Growing, spraying, picking
Sorting, grading, washing, labeling,
packing, shipping
Peaches
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking, hand-cutting, spreading,
sun or solar field drying
Sorting, grading, moisturizing, all
drying in a structure including oven
drying or dehydrator drying, packing,
packaging, shipping
8
Pears
Growing, spraying, tree-propping,
picking, hand-cutting, spreading,
sun or solar field drying
Sorting, grading, moisturizing, all
drying in a structure including oven
drying or dehydrator drying,
packaging, shipping
Peas
Planting, growing, hoeing,
picking, field packing
Washing, sorting, trimming, packing,
shipping
Peppers
Planting, growing, picking,
thinning, field packing
Washing, waxing, packing, shipping
Plants
Planting, growing, tying, potting
and repotting, transporting to
market
Seasonal, fancy or decorative potting
Plums
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking
Sorting, grading, packing, shipping
Pomegranates
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking
Sorting, grading, packing, labeling,
shipping
Potatoes
Planting, growing, weeding,
harvesting, sacking
Washing, sorting, sacking
Potatoes, seed
Planting, growing, weeding,
harvesting, sacking
Sorting and cutting for seed, sacking
Prunes
Growing, spraying, thinning,
picking, sun or solar field drying
Sorting, grading, moisturizing all
drying in a structure including oven
drying or dehydrator drying,
fumigating, packing, packaging,
shipping
Raisins
Growing, girdling, pruning,
harvesting, sun or solar field
drying
Sorting, grading, moisturizing, all
drying in a structure including oven
drying or dehydrator drying,
fumigating, packing, packaging,
shipping
Rice
Planting, growing, harvesting
No known activities under Order 13
Strawberries
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, picking, boxing
Sorting, grading, packing, labeling,
shipping
Strawberry
Plants
Planting, growing, weeding
Trimming, inspecting, packaging,
packing, shipping
Tangerines
Growing, spraying, picking
Washing, sorting, packing, shipping
Tomatoes
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting, field packing
Washing, sorting, packing, shipping
Tomatoes,
Canning
Sorting on harvesting machine
No known activities under Order 13
Vegetables,
Misc.
Planting, growing, weeding,
thinning, harvesting, field packing
Washing, sorting, trimming, packing,
shipping
Walnuts
Growing, spraying, knocking,
gathering, sun or solar field
drying
Hulling, shelling, sorting, processing,
packing, all drying in a structure
including oven drying or dehydrator
drying, fumigating, shipping
9
EXEMPT EMPLOYEES/OCCUPATIONS
These employees/occupations are exempt from specified sections of the Industrial Welfare
Commission Orders. They are not exempt from provisions of the Labor Code. Exempt
occupations must meet the criteria stated in Section 1, Applicability and/or Section 2,
Definitions, of the applicable IWC Orders. Each order must be reviewed carefully.
Accountants
Exempt from Sections 3-12, orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Actors, professional
ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of Orders 10, 11, and
12 are applicable; exempt from all other provisions of
Orders 10, 11, and 12
Administrative, executive,
professional employees
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Architects
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Attendants, personal
ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 15 of Order 15 are
applicable; exempt from all other provisions of Order 15
Attorneys
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Baby sitters (under 18 years, sitting
for child of employer in employer’s
home)
Exempt from Order 15
Carnival (traveling) operators (full-
time)
ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of Order 10 are
applicable; exempt from all other provisions of Order 10
Certified Public Accountants
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Dentists
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Doctors
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Engineers
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Government Employees
ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10, and 20 of all Orders are
applicable, with one exception: Irrigation District
employees are covered under the provisions of Order 14
Inside Salespersons
Exempt from Subsections 3(A), (B) and (C) of Orders 4
and 7, if earnings equal more than 1 ½ times the
minimum wage and if more than ½ of employees
compensation represents commissions
Individuals participating in a national
service program
Exempt from all Orders
Employees engaged in work that is
primarily intellectual, managerial, or
creative in nature
Exempt from Order 14 if employee exercises discretion
and independent judgment, and remuneration is not less
than two times the monthly State minimum wage for
full-time employment
Irrigators
Exempt from Subsection 3(A) or Order 14 if more than
½ of week’s working time is spent as an irrigator
Lawyers
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Nurse, student
ONLY Section 1, 2, 4, 10, and 20 of Order 5 are
applicable to student nurses of a bona fide nursing
school, exempt from all other provisions of Order 5
Minor baby sitters (under 18, sitting
Exempt from Order 15
10
for child of employer in employer’s
home
Oculists
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Operators, full-time, employed by
traveling carnivals
ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of Order 10 are
applicable; exempt from all other provisions of Order 10
Optometrists
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
Outside Salespersons
Exempt from all Orders (also Labor Code section 1171)
Parent, spouse, child or legally
adopted child of the employer
Exempt from all Orders
Personal attendants
ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 15 of Order 15 are
applicable; exempt from all other provisions of Order 15
Professional actors
ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of Orders 10, 11, and
12 are applicable; exempt from all other provisions of
Orders 10, 11, and 12
Salespersons, outside
Exempt from all Orders (also Labor Code section 1171)
Salespersons, inside
Exempt from Subsections 3(A), (B) and (C) of Orders 4
and 7, if earnings equal more than 1 ½ times the
minimum wage and if more than ½ of employees
compensation represents commissions
Sheepherders
Exempt from Sections 3, 4(A)-(D), 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, and
13 of Order 14. Entire Order is applicable to any
workweek during which a sheepherder employee is
engaged in any non-sheep herding agricultural or other
work
Students in schools of beauty culture
offering beauty care to the public for
a fee
Exempt from Order 2
Student nurses
ONLY Section 1, 2, 4, 10, and 20 of Order 5 are
applicable to student nurses of a bona fide nursing
school, exempt from all other provisions of Order 5
Teachers
Exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15, and 16
11
IWC ORDER COVERAGE
Order 1 – MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2 (H)
“Manufacturing Industry” means any industry, business, or establishment operated for the
purpose of preparing, producing, making, altering, repairing, finishing, processing,
inspecting, handling, assembling, wrapping, bottling, or packaging goods, articles, or
commodities, in whole or in part; EXCEPT when such activities are covered by Order in
the : Canning, Preserving, and Freezing Industry; Industries Handling Products After
Harvest; Industries Preparing Agricultural Products for Market, on the Farm; or Motion
Picture Industry.
Aircraft and aircraft parts, manufacturing
Apparel products, manufacturing
Assembly (any manufacturing)
Au
tomobile manufacturing
Auto-wrecking (non-retail)
Blueprinting
Book and magazine publishers
Cement
Ceramics
Coating
lumber
products
Communications equipment, manufacturing
Concrete
Copy making services
Dental laboratories
Developing, printing or editing of film (except in motion picture industry, see Order 12)
Electronic products, manufacturing
Film processing (except in motion picture industry, see Order 12)
Food
manufacture (secondary
processing)
Food processing
Baby
formulas (except canned fruits, etc., see Order 3)
Bakeries (non-retail)
Bottling (soft drinks)
Breweries
Candy
Cane sugar
refining
(of
purchased
raw
sugar
or
syrup)
Citrus by-products
Cottonseed
oil
Dehydrated soups and mixes
Ice
cream
(beyond
first processing)
Margarine
Meat
Pet foods, dry
Pizza
manufacturing
Potato and corn chip manufacturing
Preparing
fruit and
vegetables for
restaurants,
bakeries, etc.
Salad oil
Soft drinks,
bottling
Tortilla manufacturing
Yeast
Food products, manufacturing
12
Galvanizing
Garment manufacturing
Iron works
Laboratories, dental and optical
Lumber products
Machinery, metal products
Magazine and book publishers
Meat processing
Metal fabrication
Metal products, machinery
Microfilm services
Needle trades
Oil refining
Optical laboratories
Paper products
Photocopy services
Plastic products
Pre-fabricated housing (except on-site installation, see Order 16)
Public/private utilities, electrical only (for telephone, natural gas and water, utilities see Order 4)
Publishing
Records, tapes and compact disks (reproduction for wholesale)
Recycling processing plants that alter/transform material (for non-processing recycling centers, see Order 4)
Refineries, Oil
Refineries, sugar
Repacking bulk products
Reweaving (except by laundries/dry cleaners, see Order 6)
Rubber manufacturing
Sawmills
Sheet metal shops
Shipbuilding (except repair, see Order 9)
Shoe manufacturing and repair
Steel smelters/plants
Sugar refineries
Taxidermy
Textile products, manufacturing
Utilities, public/private, electrical only (for telephone, natural gas and water, utilities see Order 4)
Wastewater treatment facilities
13
Order 2 – PERSONAL SERVICE INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2 (J)
“Personal Service Industry” means any industry, business or establishment operated for
the purpose of rendering, directly or indirectly, any service, operation or process used or
useful in the care, cleansing or beautification of the body, skin, nails, or hair, or in the
enhancement of personal appearance or health, including but not limited to, beauty
salons, schools of beauty culture offering beauty care to the public for a fee, barber shops,
bath and massage parlors, physical conditioning, weight control salons, health clubs, and
mortuaries.
Barbershops
Bath parlors
B
eauty shops
Bo
dy building gymnasium, facility
Funeral parlors
Gymnasiums, body building
Health clubs
Massage parlors
Mortuaries
Physical conditioning
centers
Schools of beauty culture offering beauty care to the public for a fee (students are exempt)
Sun
tanning
parlors
Weight control salons
Order 3 – CANNING, FREEZING, AND PRESERVING INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(B)
“Canning, Freezing, and Preserving Industry” means any industry, business or
establishment operated for the purpose of canning soups, or of cooking, canning, curing,
freezing, pickling, salting, bottling, preserving, or otherwise processing any fruits or
vegetables, seafood, meat, poultry, or rabbit product, when the purpose of such
processing is the preservation of the product and includes all operations incidental
thereto.
Canned pet food
Canned soups, s
tews, hash, etc.
Canning: fish, fruit, meat, poultry, rabbit, vegetables
Fish
; canning, freezing
Freezing: fish, fruit, meat, poultry, rabbit, vegetables
Fruit; canning, freezing
Fruit jellies and preserves
Hash, canned
Juice concentrates
Meat: canning, freezing
Pet foods, canned
Poultry: canning, freezing
Rabbit: canning, freezing
Vegetables: canning, freezing
14
Order 4 – PROFESSIONAL, TECHNICAL, CLERICAL, MECHANICAL and SIMILAR
OCCUPATIONS
Definition, Section 2(O)
“Professional, Technical, Clerical, Mechanical and Similar Occupations” includes
professional, semiprofessional, managerial, supervisory, laboratory, research, technical,
clerical, office work, and mechanical occupations. Said occupations shall include, but not
be limited to, the following: accountants; agents; appraisers; artists; attendants; audio-
visual technicians; bookkeepers; bundlers; billposters; canvassers; carriers; cashiers;
checkers; clerks; collectors; communications and sound technicians; compilers; copy
holders; copy readers; copy writers; computer programmers and operators; demonstrators
and display representatives; dispatchers; distributors; door-keepers; drafters; elevator
operators; estimators; editors; graphic arts technicians; guards; guides; hosts; inspectors;
installers; instructors; interviewers; investigators; librarians; laboratory workers; machine
operators; mechanics; mailers; messengers; medical and dental technicians and
technologists; models; nurses; packagers; photographers; porters and cleaners; process
servers; printers; proof readers; sales persons and sales agents; secretaries; sign erectors;
sign painters; social workers; solicitors; statisticians; stenographers; teachers; telephone,
radio-telephone, telegraph and call-out operators; tellers; ticket agents; tracers; typists;
vehicle operators; x-ray technicians; their assistants and other related occupations listed
as professional, semiprofessional, technical, clerical, mechanical, and kindred
occupations.
Use of the asterisk (*) in the following list indicates Order 4, an occupational order, covers
the named and related occupations only when they are not covered by an industry order.
They type of business determines the industry order.
*Accountants
Accounting firms
Advertising agencies
*Agents
*Agronomist
Animal care services, no overnight shelter or feeding provided (see Order 5, when overnight shelter or feeding are provided)
*Appraisers
Architectural offices
*Artists
Associations, business (Chamber of Commerce, retailers’ associations, etc.)
Athletic agents
*Attendants
Attorney
offices
*Audio-visual technicians
Banks
*Billposters
Boats,
office
and
support personnel
*Bookkeeper
*Bundlers
Business Associations (Chamber of Commerce, retailers’ associations, etc.)
Business services
Cable TV
service
and
installation
*Call-out operators
*Canvassers
*Carriers
*Cashiers
15
Cemeteries
Charitable agencies
(non-profit)
*Checkers
Checkrooms
Churches
*Cleaners and
porters
*Clerks
Collection
agencies
*Collectors
Colleges, private, no
board
or lodging
Commercial fishing boats, office and support personnel
Commercial photography
(except in
motion
picture
industry,
see
Order 12)
Communications firms
*Communications technicians
*Compilers
*Computer operators, programmers
Construction, office and support personnel
Contractors, office
and
support personnel
*Copyholders
*Copyreaders
*Copywriters
Credit
agencies
Credit unions
Crop
dusting,
office
and
support personnel
Dance schools, studios
Day
care
centers,
no
board
or lodging
provided
*Demonstrators
Dental offices
*Dental technicians and technologists
Detective
agencies,
protective
and
investigative
Direct mail advertising and service
*Display
representatives
*Dispatchers
Doctors’ offices
*Drafters
*Drivers (vehicle)
Dumps/landfills
*Editors
*Elevator operators
Employment agencies
Engineering firms
*Estimators
Farm clerical and technical personnel when not covered by Order 14 or industry order
Farm
labor contractors
Finance companies
Fishing
boats (commercial)
office
and
support personnel
Geophysical exploration
*Graphic arts technicians
*Guards
*Guides
Hazardous materials cleanup and handling when contractor’s license not required (when contractor’s license
required, see Order 16)
*Horticulturist
*Hosts, hostesses
*Inspectors
*Installers when contractor’s license not required (when contractor’s license
required, see Order 16)
*Instructors
Insurance companies
Internet service providers
*Interviewers
*Investigators
Investment houses
16
Laboratories (independent research, testing, etc.)
*Laboratory
workers
Labor contractors (office and support personnel)
Labor unions
Landfills/dumps
Legal firms
*Librarians
Libraries
Loan offices
Logging,
office
and
support personnel
*Machine operator
*Mailers
*Mechanics
Medical clinics
(apart from
hospitals)
*Medical technicians and technologists
Mining,
office
and
support personnel
*Models
Nonprofit
organizations (charitable, social agencies)
*Nurses
Oculist offices
*Packagers
Painting
contractors, office
and
support personnel
*Photographers
Photography,
commercial
*Porters and cleaners
Portrait studios
*Printers
Private schools, universities, colleges, no board or lodging provided (when board or lodging are provided, see Order 5)
*Process
servers
Professional offices (architects, attorneys, doctors, dentists, engineers)
*Programmers, computer
*Proofreaders
Protective
agencies
Public/private utilities, water, natural gas, telephone (for electrical utilities, see Order 1)
Public
works, office
and
support personnel
*Radiotelephone operators
Real estate offices (brokerage
only; see
also
Order 5)
Recycling centers, non-processing
Repossession
agencies
Research and development
*Sales
agents
*Salespersons
Savings and
loan
Schools, private, no board or lodging provided (when board or lodging are provided, see Order 5)
*Secretaries
*Security guards
Security
guard
service
Shopping services
*Sign
erectors
*Sign painters
Social agencies
*Social workers
*Solicitors
*Sound technicians
*Statisticians
*Stenographers
Stock
brokerage
firms
Talent agents
Tax
Consultants
*Teachers
*Telegraph
operators
Telephone/Telegraph companies (includes cell/wireless phone service)
Telephone
answering
service
17
*Telephone operators
*Tellers
Temporary employment agencies
*Ticket agents
*Tracers
Travel agencies
*Truck drivers
*Typists
Universities, private, no board or lodging provided (when board or lodging are provided, see Order 5)
*Vehicle operators
Veterinary service, no overnight shelter or feeding provided (when overnight shelter or feeding are provided, see Order 5)
Water and oil well drilling and servicing firms, office and support personnel
*X-ray technicians
Use of the asterisk (*) in the following list indicates Order 4, an occupational order, covers
the named and related occupations only when they are not covered by an industry order.
They type of business determines the industry order.
Order 5 – PUBLIC HOUSEKEEPING INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(P)
“Public
Housekeeping
Industry”
means any
industry, business, or
establishment, which
provides meals, housing, or
maintenance, services whether operated as a primary
business
or
when incidental to other
operations in an establishment not covered by
an industry
order of the Commission, and includes, but is not limited to the following:
(1) Restaurants, nightclubs, taverns, bars, cocktail lounges, lunch counters, cafeterias,
boarding houses, clubs, and all similar establishments where food in either solid or
liquid form is prepared and served to be consumed on the premises;
(2) Catering, banquet, box lunch service, and similar establishments, which prepare food
for consumption on or off the premises;
(3) Hotel, motels, apartment houses, rooming houses, camps, clubs, trailer parks, office
or loft buildings, and similar establishments offering rental of living, business or
commercial quarters;
(4) Hospitals, sanitariums, rest homes, child nurseries, child care institutions, homes for
the aged, and similar establishments offering board or lodging in additional to
medical, surgical, nursing, convalescent, aged or child care.
(5) Private schools, colleges, or universities, and similar establishments which provide
board or lodging in addition to educational facilities;
(6) Establishments contracting for development, maintenance or cleaning of grounds;
maintenance or cleaning of facilities and/or quarters of commercial units and living
units; and
(7) Establishments providing veterinary or other animal care services.
Animal care services with overnight shelter or feeding (when no overnight shelter or feeding are
provided, see Order 4)
18
Animal sanctuaries/shelters with overnight shelter or feeding (when no overnight shelter or
Feeding are provided, see Order 4)
Apartment houses
Bakeries, with tables for patrons’ use
Banquet service
Bars
Boarding and care homes for the aged
Boarding houses
Box lunch services
Cafeterias
Camps, day
Camps, organized
Catering service
Childcare institutions
Child nurseries
Cleaning of facilities, grounds, commercial units, living units
Cocktail lounges
Colleges, private with board or lodging
Commissaries
Convalescent hospitals
Cookhouses in lumber camps
Day camps
Day care centers that provide board or lodging
Development of grounds
Donut shops, with tables for patrons’ use (if no tables are provided for patrons’ use, see Order 7)
Drinking places
Dude ranch
Eating-places
Farm
labor
camps
with
board
or
lodging
Fraternity houses
Homes for
the aged
Hospitals, including convalescent
Hotels
Ice cream store, with tables for patrons’ use
Janitorial service
Landscaping (except initial earth moving and cement work, see Order 16)
Loft or office buildings
Logging camps with board or lodging
Lunch counters
Lunch wagons
Maintenance of grounds, facilities, quarters of commercial units and living units
Mini-storage not connected with transportation firm (if connected with a transportation firm, see Order 9)
Motels
Nightclubs, if food or drink is served incidental to main business of offering entertainment (if
main business is serving food or drink, See Order 10)
Nurseries, child
Office and loft buildings
Organized camps
Pest control
Pre-schools
Property management
Real estate offices, if business includes property management
Restaurants
Rest homes
Sanitariums
School, private, with board or lodging
Sewer/septic cleaning
19
Sorority houses
Stables, with
bo
ard
and
care
Storage, mini, not connected with transportation firm (if connected with a transportation firm, see Order 9)
Tav
erns
Termite control
Trailer
parks
Tree service firms
Universities,
private,
with
board
or
lodging
Veterinary service that provides overnight shelter or feeding
Note: Order 5 covers all classifications of employees in an Order 5 business, such as a hospital,
whether they assist patients, clean rooms, do laundry, drive, keep books, etc. This is also true of
other industry orders.
Order 6 – LAUNDRY, LINEN SUPPLY, DRY CLEANING AND DYEING INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(H)
“Laundry, Linen Supply, Dry Cleaning and Dyeing Industry” means any industry,
business or establishment operated for the purpose of washing, ironing, cleaning,
refreshing, restoring, pressing, dyeing, storing, fumigating, mothproofing, or other
processes incidental thereto, on articles of fabrics of any kind, including but not limited to
clothing, hats, drapery, rugs, curtains, linens, household furnishings, textiles, furs, or
leather goods; and includes self-service laundries, self-service dry cleaning
establishments, and the collection, distribution, storage, sale or resale at retail or
wholesale of the foregoing services.
Carpet cleaning service, including in-home
Diaper service, if lau
ndering included (if laundered elsewhere, see Order 7)
Drapery cleaning service, including in-home
Dry clea
ning, including self-service
Dyeing plants
Laundries, including self-service
Laundromats
Linen supply, if laundering included
Rental of uniforms, if laundering/cleaning included (if laundering/cleaning not included, see Order 7)
Self-service laundries/dry cleaners
Uniform rentals, if laundering/cleaning included (if laundering/cleaning not included, see Order 7)
20
Order 7 – MERCANTILE INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(H)
“Mercantile Industry” means any industry, business, or establishment operated for the
purpose of purchasing, selling or distributing goods or commodities at wholesale or retail;
or for the purpose of renting goods or commodities.
Antique Stores, retail/wholesale
Auction houses
B
akeries, retail, if no tables f
or patrons’ use (if bakery has tables for patrons’ use, see Order 5)
Building materials, retail/wholesale
Commodity agents and brokers
Commodity rentals
Costume rental
Diaper service, if laundered elsewhere (if laundering included, see Order 6)
Donu
t shops, if no tables for patrons’ use (if shop has tables for patrons’ use, see Order 5)
Equipment rentals (except vehicles, see Order 9)
Flea markets
Florists, retail/wholesale
Gas station
s (with or without car washes or garages)
Hardware stores, retail/wholesale
Ice cr
eam stores, if no tables are provided for patrons’ use
Import-export, retail/wholesale
Irrigation systems (
sales)
Linen supply, if laundering not included (if laundering included, see Order 6)
Mail o
rder houses, retail/wholesale
Nurseries, horticultural (main purpose selling)
Optician (except manufacturer, see Order 1)
Rental of commodities and goods
Rental of equipment (except vehicles, see Order 9)
Rental of uniforms, if laundering/cleaning not included (if laundering included, see Order 6)
Retail stores
Rummage sales
Solar equipment (sales)
Telephone soliciting
Thrift shops
Uniform rentals, if laundering/cleaning not included (if laundering included, see Order 6)
Wholesale houses
Note: A
retail store operating incidentally as part of another business; such as a gift shop operated by a hotel or
hospital, is covered by the industry order applicable to the main business, i.e., the hotel or hospital (Order 5). A
retail store operating on the premises of another business where the retail store is neither owned nor operated by the
other business is covered y the industry order applicable to its type of business, which in this example, a retail store,
is Order 7. A separate establishment under a distinctly separate organization, such as a telephone equipment store
under the sales division of a telephone company, would be under Order 7, and not under Order 4, the order
applicable to the telephone company. Each such situation must be analyzed on a case-by-case basis, as it depends
upon the particular facts of the situation.
21
Order 8 – INDUSTRIES HANDLING PRODUCTS AFTER HARVEST
Definition, Section 2(H)
“Industries Handling Products After Harvest” means any industry, business or
establishment operated for the purpose of grading, sorting, cleaning, drying, cooling,
icing, dehydrating, cracking, shelling, candling, separating, slaughtering, picking,
plucking, shucking, pasteurizing, fermenting, ripening, molding, or otherwise preparing
any agricultural, horticultural, egg, poultry, meat, seafood, rabbit, or dairy product for
distribution, and includes all the operations incidental thereto.
Beet sugar mills
Citrus and d
eciduous fruit packing
Coo
peratives (farmers’) for warehousing, grading, packing, cooling, etc.
Cotton gins
Dairies (which process milk commercially)
Deciduous and citrus fruit packing
Dried f
ruit processing
Drying vegetables and fruit
Egg candling and packing
Egg
processing (washing, grading and bulk packing any eggs other than farmer’s own)
Feed mills (commercial)
Fresh vegetable and f
ruit packing
Fruit drying
Fruit (
fresh) packing
Ice cream (made from whole milk as first processing)
Meat slaughtering (commercial packing house)
Moving packing plant (operator brings rig into field, works on farmer’s crop on same basis as a commercial
packing house)
Nut hu
lling, cracking, shelling, sorting and hauling
Olive oil
Packing fresh vegetables and fruit
Packing
plant, moving
(
operator
brings
rig
into
field,
works
on
farmer’s
crop
on
same basis
as a
commercial
packing
house)
Potato
grading, sorting and bagging
Poultry
processing,
co
mmercial packing
house
Rice drying (commercial)
Saus
age making
(at point of
first processing)
Slaughtering meat (commercial packing house)
Sugar
(beet)
mills
Sugar or syrup directly from sugar cane
Vegetable
drying
Vegetables (fresh) packing
Note: A grower who processes the product of any other employer is engaged in a “commercial” operation. Most of
the operations listed here if done by the grower on his or her own crop would be under Order 13, but the grinding
and mixing of feed exclusively for the employer’s own use would be part of the care of farm animals under Order 14,
even if done mechanically in a separate building (the grower’s own “feed mill”). All beet sugar mill operations are
under Order 8, but cane sugar refining from purchased raw sugar or syrup (typical of the industry in California) is
under Order 1. The production of sugar or syrup directly from sugar cane would be under Order 8. A firm in the
business of making sausage or cold cuts from purchased cuts of meat would be manufacturing under Order 1.
22
Order 9 – TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(N)
“Transportation Industry” means any industry, business or establishment operated for the
purpose of conveying persons or property from one place to another whether by rail,
highway, air or water, and all operations and services in connection therewith; and also
includes storing or warehousing of goods or property, and the repairing, parking, rental,
maintenance, or cleaning of vehicles.
Airlines
Ambulance service
Armored car service
Boat rentals
Boats, cruise, ferry
Bus lines
Buses, tour
Car loading
Car rentals
Car washes, when not in retail business
Courier service
Cruise boats
Express and parcel delivery companies
Ferryboats
Garages, repair (except when operated by vehicle dealer or gas station, see Order 7)
Garages, storage
Garbage collectors
Limousine service
Logging trucks, commercial (for on-site logging, see Order 16)
Maintenance of vehicles, e.g., garages, car washes, etc., if not connected with gas station or vehicle dealer (if
connected with gas station or vehicle dealer, See Order 7)
Mini-storage connected with a transportation firm (if not connected with a transportation firm, see Order 5)
Moving and storage warehousing (of commodities moved)
Parcel delivery service
Parking lots
Railways
Rental of vehicles (cars, trucks, boats, ships, airplanes)
Repairs to vehicles (except when operated by vehicle dealer or gas station, see Order 7)
Ship rental
Ship repair
Stevedoring
Storage and moving warehouse (of commodities moved)
Storage garages
Taxi service, including water taxis
Tire aligning and balancing companies
Tour buses, companies
Tow companies
Transportation companies
Trucking, including commercial trucking of farm products
Truck rental
Vehicle rental, including boats and ships
Vehicle repairs (except when operated by vehicle dealer or gas station, see Order 7)
Warehousing and storage (of commodities moved)
Water taxi service
23
Note: Many kinds of industries employ people to operate and maintain vehicles and warehouses; transportation
companies under Order 9 have that as their main purpose. A hotel employee who drives a van is under Order 5; a
mechanic employed by a retail chain is under Order 7; a mini-storage facility not connected with a transportation
firm is under Order 5; the building of vehicles, including ships, is under Order 1; a farm employee who delivers farm
products to the first point of distribution is under Order 14, but a trucking company which is in the business of
trucking mostly farm products is under Order 9; employees who balance and align tires are under Order 9, if their
employer is in the business of providing that service but under Order 7 if their employer is basically in the business
of selling tires.
Order 10 – AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(A)
“Amusement and Recreation Industry” means any industry, business or establishment
operated for the purpose of furnishing entertainment or recreation to the public, including
but not limited to theaters, dance halls, bowling alleys, billiard parlors, skating rinks,
riding academies, race tracks, amusement parks, athletic fields, swimming pools,
gymnasiums, gold courses, tennis courts, carnivals, and wired music studios.
Academies, riding
Amusement parks
Arena/auditoriums (multipurpose)
Aqu
ariums
Athletic fields
Ballooning
Billiard parlors
Bingo parlors, games
Boating, golf, tennis, etc., clubs
Boats, charter fishing
Botanical Gardens
Bowling
alleys
Card rooms
Carnivals
Casinos
Charter
fishing
boats
Clubs; golf, tennis, boating, etc. (also see Order 5)
Dance
halls
Fishing: charter boats, party boats, recreational fishing lakes
Game rooms
Golf courses
Golf,
tennis,
boating,
etc.,
clubs
Gymnasiums, spectator or participatory sports
Ice
skating
rinks
Music festival, opera and symphony organizations
Music groups
and
orchestras
Nightclubs, entertainment is primary purpose (if food or drink is served other than incidentally, see Order 5)
Opera,
symphony
and
music festival organizations
Orchestras and other music groups
Penny
arcades
Racetracks
Racing
stables
Riding academies, stables
Rodeos
Roller skating rinks
24
Ski facilities
Ski lifts
Stables, riding academies (primarily recreational), racing
Swimming
p
ools
Symphony, music festival and opera organizations
Tennis
courts
Theaters
Theatrical companies
Wired music studios
Zoos
Note:
The gymnasiums
under
Or
der
10
are those used
primarily
for
spectator
or
participatory
sports
and
are
different from
the establishments
offering
bodybuilding
or
weight control facilities under
Order
2.
Musicians
may
be
employed
directly
by
restaurants
or
hotels
under
Order
5; by
symphony
or
opera organizations
under
Order
10; or,
in
a group
which
shares receipts,
by
a leader
who
can
hire or
fire them
and
command
more than
an
equal share of
the
fees
paid
for
the group’s
services under
Order
10.
Food
service may
be provided
incidentally
by
a firm
whose main
business
is
offering
entertainment, as in
a theater,
bowling
alley,
nightclub
or
golf
club
without affecting
the
classification
under
Order
10.
But a golf
club
with
a public dining
room
not operated
by
the golf
club
(separate
ownership
or
leased
from
the golf
club)
is
operating
a restaurant, and
the restaurant employees
are covered
under
the
provisions
of
Order
5.
Order 11 – BROADCASTING INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(B)
“Broadcasting Industry” means any industry, business or establishment operated for the
purpose of broadcasting or taping and broadcasting programs through the medium of
radio or television.
Broadcasting and taping (sound or video)
Radio broadcasting
TV broadcasting
Note: The production of motion pictures on videotapes for a purpose other than broadcasting usually falls under
Order 12 (see note following Order 12). If the company both tapes and broadcasts, as in a TV news show, the taping
is under Order 11, but if the broadcaster contracts with another firm for the production of a video tape, the taping is
an Order 12 operation. Most cable TV companies are in the business primarily for the purpose of selling and
providing a communications service and are under Order 4.
25
Order 12 – MOTION PICTURE INDUSTRY
Definition, Section 2(K)
“Motion Picture Industry” mean any industry, business or establishment operated for the
purpose of motion picture or television film production, or primarily allied with theatrical
or television, motion picture productions, including but not limited to motion pictures for
entertainment, commercial, religious or educational purposes, whether made by film,
tape, or otherwise.
Advertising films, production of
Casting bureaus, motion picture industry
Commercial motion picture production
Distribution of motion pictures to theaters or television
Educational motion pictures, production and distribution
Film, developing and printing, motion picture production
Film libraries, motion picture production
Film production, television
Films, advertising, production of
Libraries, film, motion picture production
Motion picture production, casting bureaus
Motion picture production, theatrical and non-theatrical (commercial, education, religious, etc.)
Motion picture, distribution to theaters and television
Non-theatrical motion picture production (commercial, education, religious, etc.)
Property or wardrobe rental, motion picture production
Religious motion picture production
Rental of property, wardrobe, motion picture production
Television advertising films (production)
Television film production
Theatrical motion picture production
TV advertising films (production)
TV film production
Video production companies producing tapes for industrial, training, or other purposes (but if reproducing the tapes,
see Order 1)
Wardrobe or property rental, motion picture industry
Note: A firm producing motion picture programs on videotape for corporate customers would be under Order 12,
even if it made and distributed copies; but a firm whose main business is to reproduce tapes (i.e., manufacture them)
for wholesale and retail trade would be under Order 1. If video production is incidental to the employer’s main
business (i.e., a function of the promotional office of an industrial or financial corporation) the order covering the
main business would apply.
26
Order 13 – INDUSTRIES PREPARING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS FOR
MARKET, ON THE FARM
Definition, Section 2(H)
“Industries Preparing Agricultural Products for Market, on the Farm” means any
operation performed in a permanently fixed structure or establishment on the farm or on a
moving packing plant on the farm for the purpose of preparing agricultural, horticultural,
egg, poultry, meat, seafood, rabbit, or dairy products for market when such operations are
done on the premises owned or operated by the same employer who produced the
products referred to herein and includes all operations incidental thereto.
Agricultural commodities, packing and processing, on grower’s own land and crops
Dairies (which process own products on farm)
Egg processing and pac
king for distribution (if it includes candling)
Meat slaughtering (when
done on grower’s own product)
Moving packing plant, processing grower’s own crop on grower’s own land
Nut hulling
, cracking, shelling, sorting and hauling
Packing and processing agricultural commodities on grower’s own land and crops
Packing plant (moving) pro
cessing grower’s own crop on grower’s own land
Packing shed (per
manent) processing grower’s own crop on grower’s own land
Poultry processing, when done on grower’s own product
Slaughtering meat (when done on grower’s own land and product)
Note: If th
e grower’s packing or processing operation handles the product of any other employer, even “a little for a
neighbor”, it is a commercial operation under Order 8. Conversely, almost everything done under Order 8 is an
Order 13 operation when performed only on the farm employer’s own crop or animal product, but there are rare
exceptions; rice drying, for example, is Order 14 or Order 8. If an employee is working under Order 13 and 14, the
applicable order for overtime purposes would relate to the activity in which the person was engaged at the time of the
overtime was worked.
27
Order 14 – AGRICULTURAL OCCUPATIONS
Definition, Section 2(D)
“Employed in an agricultural occupation”, means any of the following described
occupations:
(1) The preparation, care, and treatment of farm land, pipeline, or ditches, including
leveling for agricultural purposes, plowing, disking, and fertilizing the soil;
(2) The sowing and planting of any agricultural or horticultural commodity;
(3) The care of any agricultural or horticultural commodity, as used in this subdivision,
“care” includes, but is not limited to, cultivation, irrigation, weed control, thinning,
heating, pruning, or tying, fumigating, spraying, and dusting;
(4) The harvesting of any agricultural or horticultural commodity, including but not
limited to, picking, threshing, mowing, knocking off, field chopping, bunching,
baling, balling, field packing, and placing in field containers or in the vehicle in which
the commodity will be hauled, and transportation on the farm or to a place of first
processing or distribution;
(5) The assembly and storage of any agricultural or horticultural commodity, including
but not limited to, loading, road siding, banking, stacking, binding, and piling;
(6) The raising, feeding and management of livestock, fur bearing animals, poultry, fish,
mollusks, and insects, including but not limited to herding, housing, hatching,
milking, shearing, handling eggs, and extracting honey;
(7) The harvesting of fish, as defined by Section 45 of the Fish and Game Code, for
commercial sale;
(8) The conservation, improvement or maintenance of such farm and its tools and
equipment;
Agricultural workers
Agronomist
Apiary
Bee hives
Ch
emical application (on-site agriculture)
Chicken debeaking
Cowboy/Cowgirl
Crop dusting (on-site activities)
Dairies (no processing except cooling)
Egg handling (if no candling is done)
Farm laborers
Fish hatcheries
Harvesting machines, tomato and grain
28
Hatcheries, commercial
Hatcheries, fish
Hives, bee
Irr
igation districts
Irrigators
Milk tester (employed by agricultural employer)
Nurseries, horticultural (primarily a growing operation)
Oyster farms
Ranch hands
Shepherds
Tomato and grain harvesting machines
Tree farms (growing but not logging)
Trout farms, hatcheries
Wranglers
Note: Ord
er 14 occupations generally include all growing occupations up through harvesting, including field
packing, loading on trucks, and delivery by farm employees to the point of first processing or distribution (if a farmer
has a packing plant, employees who transport products to any point off the farm are under Order 13). Employees
directly engaged in the on-farm application of chemicals by a commercial agricultural service are under Order 14,
but other employees of a company which is also in the business of selling chemicals are under Order 7; if the firm
only contracts to apply the grower’s materials or facilitates obtaining chemicals only incidentally, its non-farm
employees are under the applicable occupation or industry order.
If during a workday/workweek an employee is working under both Order 13 and 14, the
applicable order for overtime purposes would relate to the activity in which the person was
engaged at the time the overtime was worked.
If the nature of the farm is the growing of timber, including Christmas trees, for commercial
purposes and the harvesting requires a timber operator’s license pursuant to California Public
Resources Code §§4571, 4586, the logging is covered under Order 16.
29
Order 15 – HOUSEHOLD OCCUPATIONS
Definition, Section 2(I)
“Household Occupations” means all services related to the care of persons or
maintenance of a private household or its premises by an employee of a private
householder. Said occupations shall include, but not be limited to, the following: butlers,
chauffeurs, companions, cooks, day workers, gardeners, graduate nurses, grooms, house
cleaners, housekeepers, maids, practical nurses, tutors, valets, and other similar
occupations.
Persons employed in such occupations by any employer other than the private householder are
covered by some other order.
Note: Personal attendants are only covered by Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 15 or Order 15. A personal attendant
includes babysitters and means “any person employed by a private householder or by any third party employer
recognized in the health care industry to work in a private household, to supervise, feed, or dress a child or person
who by reason of advanced age, physical disability or mental deficiency needs supervision. The status of “personal
attendant” shall not apply when no significant amount of work other than the foregoing is required. The phrase “no
significant amount of work other than the foregoing” in the definition means not more than twenty percent (20%) of
the work time. Usually, such “other work” involves housekeeping duties such as making beds, preparing meals,
washing clothes, and other similar services. It should be noted that practical nurses and companions are explicitly
covered by Order 15 and may not be exempted as personal attendants even though many of their duties are the same.
Any worker who regularly gives medication or takes temperatures or pulse or respiratory rate, regardless of the
amount of time such duties take, falls within some classification of nurse, licensed or unlicensed.
Order 16 - OCCUPATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION, DRILLING, LOGGING AND
MINING INDUSTRIES
Definition, Section 2(C)
“Construction occupations” mean all job classifications associated with construction,
including, but not limited to, work involving alteration, demolition, building, excavation,
renovation, remodeling, maintenance, improvement and repair work by the California
Business and Professions Code, Division 3, Chapter 9, §§7025 et seq., and any other
similar, or related occupations or trades.
Bricklayers/tenders
Carpenters
Carpet installers
Cement m
asons
Drywall installer/finisher
Electricians
Flag
person
Framers
Glaziers
Hazardou
s material cleanup and handling (when contractor’s license required)
Hod carriers
Iron
workers
Laborers, construction
30
Landscape installers
Marble/granite/slate installer/finisher (natural or synthetic)
Mechanics (equipment)
Operating en
gineers
Painters
Plasterers
Plumbers
Roofers
Sheet metal workers
Slurry
seal workers
Steel erectors
Stonemason
and
tenders
Surveyors
Teamsters
(when
working
on-site)
Telecommunication workers
Tile setters
and
finishers
Welders
Order 16 covers the preceding listed crafts when the worker is participating in on-site
construction activities. However, there may be situations where a worker is covered under
another industry order if he or she is involved in fabrication (manufacturing industry).
Definition, Section 2(E)
“Drilling occupations” mean all job classifications associated with the exploration or
extraction of oil, gas, or water resources work, including but not limited to, the
installation, establishment, reworking, maintenance or repair of wells and pumps by
boring, drilling, excavating, casting, cementing and cleaning for the extraction or
conveyance of fluids such as water, steam, gases, or petroleum.
Derrickman (Derrick person)
Driller
Electrician
Field mec
hanic
Floor hand – motorman
Floor hand (roughneck)
Lubeman (Lube person)
Mechanic
Operator
Pipe racker
Reservoir engineer
Reliability specialist
Rig op
erator (sometimes referred to as “head well puller”)
Rig supervisor
Roughneck (Floor hand)
Tool-pusher
Welder
W
ell puller
Definition, Section 2(K)
“Logging occupations” mean any work for which a timber operator’s license is required
pursuant to California Public Resources Code §§4571, 4586, including the cutting or
31
removal, or both, of timber or other solid wood forest products, including Christmas trees
from timerlands for commercial purposes, together with all the work that is incidental
thereto, including but not limited to, construction and maintenance of roads, fuel breaks,
firebreaks, stream crossings, landings, skid trails, beds for the falling of trees, and fire
hazard abatement.
Choker setters
Equipment operators
Fallers
Forester
Sk
idders
Water
truck
drivers
Definition, Section 2(L)
“Mining occupations” mean miners, and other associated and related occupations (not
covered by Labor Code Section et seq.) required to engage in excavation or
operations above or below ground including work in mines, quarries, or open pits used
for the purposes of exploration or extraction of non-metallic minerals and ores, coal, and
building materials, such as stone, gravel and rock, or other materials intended for
manufacture or sale, whether paid on a time, piece rate, commission, or other basis.
Batch plant laborer
Blaster
Bull gang mucker
Cable
tender
Change houseman
Chemical grout operator
Cherry picker operator
Chuck tender
Coal worker
Dredge operator
Driller
Dump person
Flume maker
Grout gun operator
Grout mix operator
Grout pump operator
Jackleg miner
Jumbo person
Kemper
Miner
Nozzle person
Nipper
Pneumatic vibrator operator
Pot tender
Powderman
Primer
person
Raiser/Setter
Rodders
(concrete crew)
Sandblaster
Shotcrete operator
Spiral runner
32
Spreaders (concrete crew)
Stone grinder
Swamper (Brakeman and Switchman on tunnel work)
Timber per
son
Tool person
Track person
Tunnel concrete finisher
Tunnel materials handler
Order 17 – MISCELLANEOUS EMPLOYEES
Applicability of Order.
Section 1(A) Any industry or occupation not previously covered by, and all employees not
specifically exempted in, the Commission’s Wage Orders in effect in 1997, or otherwise
exempted by law, are covered by this order.
Currently the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement has not identified any occupations that
meet the definition of “miscellaneous employees” in Industrial Welfare Commission Order 17-
2001.
33
i
INDEX OF BUSINESSES AND OCCUPATIONS
-A-
Academies, Riding
*
Accountants
†
Accountants (CPAs) – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Accounting firms
†
Actors, professional – ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of Orders 11 and 12 are
applicable; exempt from all other provisions of Orders 11 and 12)
Advertising agencies
Advertising films, production of
*
Agents
††
Agricultural commodities, packing and processing
Aircraft and aircraft parts, manufacturing
Airlines
Ambulance service
Amusement parks
Animal care services (no overnight shelter or feeding
Animal care services (with overnight shelter or feeding)
Apartment houses
††
Apiary
Apparel products, manufacturing
Applying chemicals (on-site agriculture)
*
Appraisers
†
Architects – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Architectural offices
Armored car services
*
Artists
Assembly (any manufacturing)
Associations, business (homeowners, retailers associations, Chamber of Commerce, etc.
Athletic agents
Athletic fields
*
Attendants
†
Attendants, personal – Exempt from Order 15
Attorney offices
†
Attorneys – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Auctioneers
*
Audio-visual technicians
Automobile manufacturing
Auto wrecking (non-retail)
-B-
Baby formulas (except canned fruit, etc., see Order 3)
†
Baby sitters (under 18 years, sitting for child of employer in employer’s home) except
from Order 15
Bakeries (non-retail)
Bakeries, retail (no tables for customers)
Bakeries, with tables for patrons’ use
Ballooning
Banks
Banquet service
Barber shops
Bars
Batch Plant Laborer (mining)
Bath parlors
Beauty shops
Bee hives
Beet sugar mills
Billiard parlors
*
Billposters
34
Bingo parlors, games
Blaster (mining
Blueprinting
Boarding and care homes for the aged or infirm
Boarding houses
Boating, golf, tennis, etc. clubs (see also Order 5)
Boat rental
Boats, charter fishing
Boats, commercial fishing, office and support personnel
Boats, commercial fishing, on-site activities
Boats, commercial passenger fishing (crew member)
Boats, cruise, ferry
Body building gymnasium, facility
Book and magazine publishers
*
Bookkeepers
Bottling soft drinks
Bowling alleys
Box lunch service
Breweries
Bricklayer/tender (construction)
Broadcasting and taping (sound or video)
Broadcasting, radio or TV
Building materials, retail or wholesale
Bull gang mucker (mining)
*
Bundlers
Bureaus, casting, motion picture industry
Business associations (homeowners, retailers associations, Chamber of Commerce, etc.)
Business services
Bus lines
Buses, tour
-C-
Cabletender (mining)
Cable TV service and installation
Cafeterias
Call offices (for laundry/dry cleaning pickup)
*
Call out operators
Camps, day
Camps, organized
Candy, (food processing)
Cane sugar refining (of purchased raw sugar or syrup)
Canned pet food
Canned soup, stews, hash, etc.
Canned fish, fruit, meat, poultry, rabbit, vegetables
*
Canvassers
Card rooms
Car loading
Carnivals
†
Carnival (traveling) operators (full-time) ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of Order 10 are
applicable; exempt from all other provisions of Order 10
Carpenter (construction)
Carpet cleaning service, including in-home
Carpet installers (construction)
Car rentals
*
Carriers
Car washes (when not in retail business)
*
Cashiers
Casinos
Casting bureaus (motion picture industry)
Catering service
35
Cement (ready mix)
Cement masons (construction)
Cemeteries
Ceramics
†
Certified public accountants – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Changehouseman (mining)
Charitable agencies (non-profit)
Charter fishing boats
*
Checkers
Checkrooms
Chemical applications (on-site agriculture)
Chemical grout operator (mining)
Cherry picker operator
Chicken debeaking
Child care institutions
Child nurseries
Choker setters (logging)
Chuck tender (mining)
Churches
††
Citrus and deciduous fruit packing
Citrus by-products (food processing)
*
Cleaners and porters
Cleaning of facilities, grounds, commercial units, living units
*
Clerks
Clubs (golf, etc.) operating public eating facilities
Clubs: golf, tennis, boating, etc. (also see Order 5)
Clubs offering rental of living, business or commercial quarters
Clubs preparing and serving food, solid or liquid, consumed on premises
Coal worker (mining)
Coating lumber products
Cocktail lounges
Collection agencies
*
Collectors
Colleges, private, no boarding or lodging
Colleges, private, with boarding or lodging
Commercial fishing boats, office and support personnel
Commercial fishing boats, on-site activities
Commercial passenger fishing boats (crew member)
Commercial motion picture production
Commercial photography (except in motion picture industry, see Order 12)
Commodity agents and brokers
Commodity rentals
Communication equipment manufacturing
Communication firms
*
Communication technicians
*
Compilers
*
Computer operators, programmers
Concrete (ready-mix)
Construction, office and support personnel
Construction, on-site activities
Contractors, office and support personnel
Contractors, on-site activities
Convalescent hospitals
Cook houses in lumber camps (if part of lumber company operation)
Cook houses in lumber camps (if separate employer)
Cook traveling with farm workers
Cooperatives (farmers’) for warehousing, grading, packing, etc.
*
Copy holders
Copy making service
*
Copy readers
36
*
Copy writers
††
Cotton gins
Cotton seed oil (food processing)
Courier service
Credit agencies
Credit unions
Crop dusting, office and support personnel
Crop dusting, on-site activities
Cruise boats
-D-
Dairies (no processing except cooling)
Dairies (which process milk commercially)
Dairies (which process own products on the farm)
Dance halls
Dance schools, studios
Day camps
Day care centers (no board or lodging)
Day care centers (with board or lodging)
††
Deciduous and citrus fruit packing
Dehydrated soups and mixes (food processing)
*
Demonstrators
Dental laboratories
Dental offices
*
Dental technicians and technologists
†
Dentists – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Derrickman (Derrick person) (drilling)
Detective agencies, protective and investigative
Developing, printing or editing of film (except motion picture industry, see Order 12)
Development of grounds
Diaper service (if laundered elsewhere)
Diaper service (if laundering included)
Direct mail advertising and service
*
Display representatives
*
Dispatchers
Distribution of motion pictures to theaters or television
†
Doctors/medical offices – exempt from Section 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Doctors offices
Donut shops (no tables for patrons’ use)
Donut shops (with tables for patrons’ use)
*
Drafters
Drapery cleaning service, including in-home
Dredge operator (mining)
††
Dried fruit processing
Driller (drilling and mining)
Drinking places
*
Drivers (vehicle)
Drug stores
Dry cleaning (including self-serve)
††
Drying fruits or vegetables
Drywall installer/finisher (construction)
Dude or guest ranch
Dump person (mining)
Dumps/landfill
Dyeing plants
-E-
Eating places
*
Editors
Education motion pictures, production and distribution
37
††
Eggs
Electrician (construction)
Electronic productions, manufacturing
*
Elevator operators
Employment agencies
Engineering firms
†
Engineers – exempt from Section 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Equipment operators (construction and logging)
Equipment rentals (except vehicles, see Order 9)
*
Estimators
Express and parcel delivery
-F-
Fallers (logging)
Farm labor camps (with board or lodging)
Farm labor contractor (if employer of farm workers)
Farm labor contractor, office and support personnel
Feed mills, commercial
Ferry boats
Field mechanic (construction and drilling)
Film, developing and printing, motion picture industry
Film, libraries, motion picture industry
Film processing (except motion picture industry)
Film production television and motion pictures
Films, advertising, production of
Finance companies
Fish: freezing, canning
Fish hatcheries
Fishing boats (charter)
Fishing boats (commercial), office and support personnel
Fishing boats (commercial), on-site activities
Fishing boats (charter, commercial passenger, party, recreational fishing lakes)
Flag person (traffic control – construction)
Flea markets
Floor hand – motorman (drilling)
Floor hand (roughneck – drilling)
Florists, retail/wholesale
Flume maker (mining)
Food manufacturing (secondary processing)
Food processing
Baby formulas (except canned fruits etc., see Order 3)
Bakeries (non-retail)
Bottling (soft drink)
Breweries
Candy
Cane sugar refining (of purchased raw sugar or syrup)
Citrus by-products
Cotton seed oil
Dehydrated soups and mixes
Ice cream (beyond first processing)
Margarine
Meat
Pet foods, dry
Pizza manufacturing
Potato and corn chip manufacturing
Preparing fruit and vegetables for restaurants, bakeries, etc.
Salad oil
Soft drinks, bottling
Tortilla manufacturing
Yeast
38
Food Products, manufacturing
Forester (logging)
Framer (construction)
Fraternity houses
Fresh vegetables and fruit packing
Freezing: fish, fruit, meat, poultry, rabbit, vegetables
Fruit and vegetables, preparing for restaurant, bakeries, etc.
†
Fruit drying
††
Fruit (fresh) packing
Fruit: freezing, canning
Fruit jellies and preserves
Funeral parlors
-G-
Galvanizing
Game rooms
Garages, repair (except when operated by vehicle dealer or gas stations (Order 7)
Garages, storage
Garbage collectors
Garment manufacturing
Gas Stations (with or without car washes or garages)
Geophysical exploration
Glazier (construction)
Golf courses
Golf, tennis, boating, etc., clubs (also see Order 5)
Grain and tomato harvesting machines
*
Graphic art technicians
Grout gun operator (mining)
Grout mix operator (mining)
Grout pump operator (mining)
*
Guards
Guest or dude ranch
*
Guides
Gymnasium, body building
Gymnasium, spectator or participatory sports
-H-
Harvesting machines, tomato and grain
Hash, canned
Hatcheries, commercial
Hatcheries, fish
Hazardous material “HAZMAT” cleanup and handling (if no contractor’s license
required), or Order 16 if on construction site (contractor’s license required)
Health clubs
Hives, bee
Hod carrier (construction)
Homes for the aged or infirm
††
Honey
Hospitals, including convalescent
*
Hosts, hostesses
Hotels
-I-
Ice cream (beyond first processing)
††
Ice cream (made from whole milk as first processing)
Ice cream stores (no tables for patrons’ use)
Ice cream stores (with tables for patrons’ use)
Ice skating rinks
Import/export, retail/wholesale
†
Inside salespersons – except from Subsections 3(A), 3(B) and 3(C), or Orders 4 and 7 if
39
wages equal more than 1 ½ times the minimum wage and if more the ½ of employee’s
compensation represents commissions
*
Inspectors
*
Installers, if no license required (if license required, see Order 16)
*
Instructors
Insurance companies
Internet service provider (ISP)
*
Interviewers
*
Investigators
Investment houses
Iron worker
Irrigation districts
Irrigation systems (sales)
Irrigators – except from Subsection 3(A) if more than ½ of week spent as irrigator
-J-
Jackleg Miner (mining)
Janitorial service
Juice concentrates
Jumbo person (mining)
-K-
Kemper (mining)
-L-
Laboratories, dental and optical
Laboratories (independent research, development and testing, etc.
*
Laboratories workers
Labor contractors (for farm labor, see Order 14, for construction, see Order 16)
Labor unions
Laborer (construction)
Landscape installer (initial and construction sites)
Landscaping (except initial earth moving and cement work, see Order 16)
Landfill/dumps
Laundries, including self-service
Laundromats
†
Lawyers – exempt from Section 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Legal firms
*
Librarians
Libraries
Libraries, film, motion picture industry
Limousine service
Linen supply (if laundering included)
Linen supply (no laundering included)
Loan offices
Locker clubs
Loft or office buildings
Logging camps (with board or lodging)
Logging, office and support personnel
Logging, on-site activities
Logging trucks (not associated with actual logging operations)
Logging truck drivers (associated with on-site logging operations)
Lube man (Lube person)
Lumber products, manufacturing
Lumber trucks (not on-site logging trucks)
Lunch counters
40
-M-
*
Machine operator (for construction, logging, mining or drilling machinery see Order 16)
Machinery, metal products
Magazine and book publishers
*
Mailers
Mail order houses, retail/wholesale
Maintenance, repair, improvement of building (contractor’s license required)
Maintenance of grounds, facilities, quarters of commercial units and living units (no
contractor’s license required)
Maintenance of vehicles (garages, car washes, etc.)(if connected with gas station or
vehicle dealer see Order 7)
Marble/granite/slate installer/finisher (natural or synthetic) (construction)
Margarine (food processing)
Massage parlors
Meat: freezing, canning
Meat processing
†
Meat slaughtering
*
Mechanics
Mechanic, equipment (on-site construction and logging)
Medical clinics (apart from hospitals)
*
Medical technicians and technologists
Metal products, machinery
Microfilm service
Milk testing
Miner
Mining, office and support personnel
Mining, on-site activity
Mini-storage (if connected with transportation firm, see Order 9)
†
Minor baby sitter (under age 18) sitting for a minor child of the employer in the
employer’s home, exempt from Order 15
*
Models
Mortuaries
Motels
Motion picture production, casting bureaus
Motion picture production, theatrical and non-theatrical (commercial, educational,
religious, etc.)
Motion pictures, distribution to theaters and television
Motorman (floor hand) (drilling)
Moving and storage warehousing (of commodities moved)
††
Moving packing plant
Music festival, opera and symphony organizations
Music groups and orchestras
-N-
National service organizations (CCC, Americorps, etc.); exempt from all Orders (Labor
Code Section 1171)
Needle trades
Newspaper publishers
Night clubs (food and drink are served)
Night clubs (entertainment is primary purpose)
Nipper (mining)
Non-profit organizations (charitable, churches, social agencies)
Non-theatrical motion picture production (commercial, educational, religious, etc.)
Nozzle person (mining)
Nurseries, child
Nurseries, Horticultural (main purpose selling)
Nurseries, Horticultural (primarily a growing operation)
*
Nurses
†
Nurse, student; exempt from Order 5 if student of bona fide nursing school
††
Nut cracking, shelling, sorting and hauling
41
-O-
Oculist offices
†
Oculists – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Office and loft buildings
Oil refining
Oil and water well drilling and servicing firms, office and support personnel
Oil and water well drilling and servicing firms, on-site activities
††
Olive oil
Opera, symphony and music festival organization
Operating engineer (construction)
Operator (drilling and mining occupations)
*
Operators, computer
†
Operators, full-time, employed by traveling carnivals; ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of
Order 10 are applicable; exempt from all other provisions of Order 10
Optical laboratories
Optician (except manufacturer, see Order 1)
Optometrist office
†
Optometrists – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Orchestras and other music groups
Organized camps
†
Outside salespersons; exempt from all orders (Labor Code Section 1171)
Oyster farms
-P-
*
Packers
††
Packing and processing agricultural commodities
††
Packing fresh vegetables and fruit
††
Packing plant or shed, moving or permanent
Painter (construction)
Painting contractors, office and support personnel
Painting contractors, on-site activities
Paper products
Parcel delivery service
Parking lots
Penny arcades
†
Personal attendants covered by Order 15 are employed by a private householder or by any
third party employer recognized in the health care industry to work in a private household,
and ONLY Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 15 or Order 15 apply
Personal attendants covered by Order 5 are employed by a nonprofit organization, and are
exempt from Section 3 of Order 5
Pest control
Pet foods, canned
Pet foods, dry (food processing)
Pharmacies
†
*
Pharmacists
Photocopy services
Photographers
Photography, commercial
Photostatting services
Physical conditioning centers
Pipe racker (drilling)
Pizza manufacturing
Pizza parlors (with tables for patrons’ use)
Pizza parlors (pick-up and delivery only; no tables for patrons’ use)
Plasterer (construction)
Plastic products
Plumber (construction)
Plumbing, installation
Plumbing, maintenance
42
Pneumatic vibrator operator (mining)
*
Porters and cleaners
Portrait studios
Pot tender (mining)
Potato and corm chip manufacturing
††
Potato grading, sorting and bagging
Poultry: freezing and canning
††
Poultry processing
Powderman (mining)
Primer person (mining)
*
Printers
*
Process servers
Production of motion pictures, theatrical and non-theatrical (commercial, educational,
religious, etc.)
Production of TV advertising films
†
Professional actors; Only Sections 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 of Orders 11 and 12 are applicable;
exempt from all other provisions of Orders 11 and 12
Professional offices (architects, attorneys, doctors, dentists, engineers, etc.)
*
Programmers, computer
*
Proof readers
Property management
Property or wardrobe rental, motion picture production
Protective agencies
Public utilities, electrical (for telephone, natural gas and water utilities, see Order 4)
Public works, office and support personnel
Public works, on-site activity
Publishers, books, magazines and newspapers
-R-
Rabbit: freezing, canning
Race tracks
Racing stables
Radio broadcasting
*
Radio telephone operators
Railways
Raiser/Setter (mining)
Real estate offices (brokerage only; also see Order 5)
Real estate offices, if business includes property management
Records and tapes (reproduction; retail/wholesale)
Recycling center (processing plants altering/transforming material)
Recycling center, nonprocessing
Reliability Specialist (drilling occupations)
Refineries, oil
Refineries, sugar
Religious motion picture production
Rentals [See Below]
Rental of commodities and goods
Rental of equipment
Rental of property or wardrobe, motion picture industry
Rental of uniforms (no laundering/cleaning)
Rental of uniforms (with laundering/cleaning)
Rental of vehicles (cars, trucks, boats, ships, airplanes)
Repacking bulk products
Repairs to vehicles (if operated by vehicle dealer or gas station, see Order 7)
*
Research and development
Resorts that provide meals or lodging (if resort does not provide meals or lodging, see
Order 10)
Reservoir engineer (drilling occupations)
Restaurants
Rest homes
43
Retail stores
Retirement homes
Reweaving (if done by laundries/dry cleaners, see Order 6)
††
Rice drying (commercial)
Riding academies, stables
Rig operator (sometimes referred to as “head well puller”) (drilling)
Rig supervisor (drilling)
Rinks, ice and roller skating
Rodders (concrete crew – mining)
Roller skating rinks
Roofer (construction)
Rooming houses
Roughneck (floor hand; drilling)
Rubber manufacturing
Rummage sales
-S-
Salad oil manufacturing
*
Sales agents
*
Salespersons
†
Salespersons, outside (exempt from all orders (Labor Code Section 1171))
†
Salespersons, inside – exempt from Sections 3(A), 3(B) and 3(C) of Orders 4 and 7 if
wages equal more than 1 ½ times the minimum wage and if more than ½ of employees
compensation represents commissions
Sandblaster (mining)
Sanitariums
††
Sausage making (at point of first processing)
Savings and loan
Sawmills
Schools, private (not boarding)
Schools, private (with board or lodging)
*
Secretaries
*
Security guards
Security guard service
Self-service laundries/dry cleaners
Sewer cleaning
†
Sheepherders; exempt from Sections 3, 4 (A)-(D), 5, 6, 9, 11-13 of Order 14. Entire Order
is applicable to any workweek during which a sheepherder employee is engaged in any
non-shepherding work.
Sheet metal shops
Sheet metal, on-site installation (construction)
Sheet metal worker (construction)
Shipbuilding (except repair, see Order 9)
Ship rental
Ship repair
Shoe manufacturing and repair
Shopping services
Shotcrete operator (mining)
Skating rinks
Ski facilities that do not provide meals or lodging (if facility provides meals or lodging,
see Order 5)
Ski lifts
Skidders (logging)
*
Sign erectors
*
Sign painters
††
Slaughtering meat
Slurry seal worker (construction)
Social agencies
*
Social workers
Soft drinks, bottling
44
Solar equipment (sales)
Soliciting, telephone
*
Solicitors
Sorority houses
*
Sound technician
Soups, canned
Spiral runner (mining)
Spreaders (concrete crew; mining)
Stables, racing
Stables, riding academies (primarily recreational)
Stables, with boarding and care
*
Statisticians
Steel worker (erector) (construction)
*
Stenographers
Stevedoring
Stews, canned
Stock brokerage firms
Stone grinder (mining)
Stone mason/tender (natural and synthetic) (construction)
Storage and moving warehouse (of commodities moved)
Storage garages
Storage, mini (not connected to transportation firm [Order 9])
†
Student nurses; exempt from Order 5 if student of bona fide nursing school
††
Sugar (beet) mills
††
Sugar or syrup directly from sugar cane
Sugar refineries
Sun tanning parlors
Surveyors (construction)
Swamper (Brakeman and Switchman on tunnel work; mining)
Swimming pool, construction
Swimming pools
Symphony, music festival and opera organizations
-T-
Talent agents
Tanning (sun) parlors
Taping and broadcasting (sound or video)
Taverns
Tax consultants
Taxidermy
*
Teachers
†
Teachers – exempt from Sections 3-12, Orders 1-13, 15 and 16
Teamster (construction)
Telecommunication installation worker
Telegraph and telephone companies
*
Telegraph operators
Telephone and telegraph companies
Telephone answering service
*
Telephone operators
Telephone soliciting
Television advertising firms (production)
Television broadcasting
Television film production
*
Tellers
Tennis courts
Termite control
Textile products, manufacturing
Theaters
Theatrical companies
Theatrical motion picture production
45
Thrift shops
*
Ticket agents
Tile setter/finisher (construction)
Timber person (mining)
Tire alignment and balancing companies (when not part of a tire sales company [Order 7])
Tomato and grain harvesting machines
Tool person (mining)
Tool-pusher (drilling)
Tortilla manufacturing
Tour buses
Tour companies
*
Tracers
Track person (mining)
Trailer parks
Transfer stations (garbage, sorting out hazardous materials and recyclable items)
Transportation companies
Travel agencies
Tree farms (growing; not logging)
Tree service firms
Trout farms, hatcheries
*
Truck drivers, transportation (excluding log truck drivers associated with on-site logging
operations, see Order 16)
*
Truck drivers engaged in on-site logging operations
Trucking (including commercial trucking of farm products)
Truck rentals
Tunnel concrete finisher (mining)
Tunnel materials handler (mining)
TV advertising films (production)
TV broadcasting
TV film production
*
Typists
-U-
Uniform rentals (if laundered/cleaned elsewhere)
Uniform rental (if laundered/cleaned included)
Universities, private (no board or lodging)
Universities, private (with board or lodging)
Utilities, public, telephone, natural gas and water (for electrical utilities, see Order 1)
-V-
††
Vegetable drying
Vegetables and fruit, preparing for restaurants, bakeries, etc.
Vegetables: freezing, canning
††
Vegetables (fresh) packing
*
Vehicle operators (if involved in the construction, logging, mining or drilling industries,
see Order 16)
Vehicle rental, including boats, aircraft and ships
Repairs to vehicles (except when operated by vehicle dealer or gas station, see Order 7)
Veterinary service (no overnight shelter or feeding)
Veterinary service (with overnight shelter or feeding)
Video production companies producing (but not reproducing) tapes for industrial, training
or other purposes. If reproducing, see Order 1
-W-X-Y-Z-
Wardrobe or property rental, motion picture industry
Warehousing and storage (of commodities moved)
Waste water treatment facilities
Water and oil well drilling and servicing firms, office and support personnel
Water and oil well drilling and servicing firms, on-site activities
Water taxi service
46
Water truck driver (construction)
*
Weather forecaster
Weight control salons
Welder (iron or steel worker in construction occupations)
Welder (drilling occupations)
Well puller (drilling occupations)
Wholesale houses
Wired music studios
Winery (mixed grapes)
Winery (on the farm)
*
X-ray technicians
Yeast (food processing)
⃰ Named and related occupations are covered by occupational order only when they are not covered by an industry order.
They type of business determines the industry code.
†
Exempt occupations must meet the
criteria stated
in
Section
1,
Applicability
and/or Section
2,
Definitions, of
the
applicable
IWC Order
††
Also
see
Notes
following
Order 8
(page
22),
Order 13
(page
27) and
Order 14
(page
28)
47