FEDERAL ORDER
DA-2013-18
May 09, 2013
For the Importation of Host Material of
Anoplophora chinensis, the citrus longhorned beetle, and
Anoplophora glabripennis, Asian longhorned beetle
This Federal Order is effective on May 20, 2013
I. Background:
Federal Orders are issued pursuant to the regulatory authority provided by the Plant
Protection Act (PPA) of June 20, 2000, as amended, Section 412(a), 7 U.S.C. 7712(a), which
authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to prohibit or restrict the importation, entry, exportation,
or movement in interstate commerce of any plant, plant product, biological control organism,
noxious weed, article, or means of conveyance, if the Secretary determines that the prohibition or
restriction is necessary to prevent the introduction into the United States or the dissemination of
a plant pest or noxious weed within the United States.
Anoplophora chinensis and A. glabripennis are destructive polyphagous wood boring pests and
are quarantine pests for the United States. A. chinensis is not known to occur in the United
States and attacks over 75 host genera, including economically important fruit, forest, and
ornamental plant species. A. glabripennis has already caused substantial damage in the urban
and forest environment of certain areas of Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and
Ohio, where it is under official control and eradication efforts are underway. A. glabripennis has
been eradicated from Illinois and New Jersey. Both pests pose a significant threat to many
important fruit, forest, and ornamental trees in the United States. Due to the potential for serious
plant pest injury from A. chinensis and A. glabripennis, immediate action is warranted to address
import requirements on host plants that are pathways for these two harmful plant pests. The
APHIS Administrator has determined that it is necessary to establish prohibitions and restrictions
on the importation of cut flowers and greenery and for specific plants for planting hosts of A.
chinensis and A. glabripennis.
This Federal Order (FO) revises and replaces the FO (DA-2011-18) for two harmful plant pests,
citrus longhorned beetle (CLB), Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae),
and Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), A. glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae),
previously issued on April 1, 2011. This revision of the FO removes host plants (from certain
countries) that were placed on NAPPRA (plants whose importation is not authorized pending
pest risk analysis) on May 20, 2013 in accordance with 7 CFR 319.37-2a.
The revised FO also updates the requirement for the importation of A. chinensis and A.
glabripennis host plants for planting from Canada based on the current status of A. glabripennis
in Canada and on a review of Canada’s import restrictions for these two pests. The FO also adds
Switzerland to the list of countries where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis are present and
adds one A. glabripennis host genus, Tilia spp., and three A. chinensis host genera,
Cunninghamia spp., Pterocarya spp., Tectona spp. The FO also revises the synonymy of
Toxicodendron spp. and accepts it as a separate host genus. The entry requirements for the
following host genera; Celtis, Cercidiphyllum, Cunninghamia, Koelreuteria, Pterocarya,
Tectona, Tilia, Toxicodendron, are modified and updated in this FO (See Sections VII and VIII).
For plants for planting, only specific hosts of A. chinensis and A. glabripennis from certain
countries may now be imported and only under the requirements of this FO as per Sections IV
through VIII below. The importation of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis host/country
combinations not specified in Section IV, or that does not meet the import requirements of this
FO for the specified countries, are not authorized pending a pest risk analysis.
For cut flowers and greenery, only specific hosts of A. chinensis and A. glabripennis from certain
countries may now be imported and only under the requirements of this FO as per Sections X or
XI below.
II. Countries where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis populations are present:
Afghanistan, China, Croatia, European Union, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Democratic
People's Republic of Korea, Madagascar, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Switzerland, Taiwan,
and Vietnam
III. Host plant taxa of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis:
Acacia spp., Acer spp., Aesculus spp., Albizia spp., Alnus spp., Aralia spp., Atalantia spp., Betula
spp., Broussonetia spp., Cajanus spp., Camellia spp., Carpinus spp., Carya spp., Castanea spp.,
Castanopsis spp., Casuarina spp. (= Allocasuarina spp.), Catalpa spp., Celtis spp.,
Cercidiphyllum spp., Cercis spp., Chaenomeles spp., Citrus spp., Cornus spp., Corylus spp.,
Cotoneaster spp., Crataegus spp., Cryptomeria spp., Cunninghamia spp., Cydonia spp. (=
Pseudocydonia spp.), Elaeagnus spp., Eriobotrya spp., Fagus spp., Ficus spp., Fortunella spp.,
Fraxinus spp., Grevillea spp. (= Stylurus spp.), Hedera spp., Hibiscus spp., Ilex spp., Juglans
spp., Koelreuteria spp., Lagerstroemia spp., Lindera spp., Liquidambar spp., Litchi spp.,
Maackia spp., Mallotus spp., Malus spp., Melia spp., Morus spp., Olea spp., Parrotia spp.,
Persea spp. (= Machilus spp.) , Photinia spp. (= Stranvaesia spp.), Pinus spp., Platanus spp.,
Polygonum spp. (= Reynoutria spp., = Fallopia spp.), Poncitrus spp., Populus spp., Prunus spp.,
Psidium spp., Pterocarya spp., Pyracantha spp., Pyrus spp., Quercus spp., Rhododendron spp.,
Rhus spp., Robinia spp., Rosa spp., Rubus spp., Sageretia spp., Salix spp., Sapium spp. (=
Triadica spp.), Sophora spp., Sorbus spp., Styrax spp., Tectona spp., Tilia spp., Toona spp.,
Toxicodendron spp., Ulmus spp., Vernicia spp. (= Aleurites spp.), Viburnum spp., Zanthoxylum
spp., and Ziziphus spp.
IV. Importation of plants for planting, except seed, of host genera of A. chinensis
and/or A. glabripennis from countries other than Canada (for Canada see
Section IX):
Table 1. Countries specified after each host genus below may be imported if
they meet the import requirements of Sections VII or VIII of this Federal Order
and all other requirements for importation.
1. Host genus
2. Countries that must
meet the requirements in
Section V
3. Countries that must
meet the requirements in
Section VI
Acer
Netherlands
New Zealand
Albizia
Israel
Aralia
Netherlands
Costa Rica, Guatemala
Carpinus
Netherlands
Cercis
Netherlands
Israel
Cornus
Netherlands
Corylus
Netherlands
Cotoneaster
Netherlands
Costa Rica
Fagus
Netherlands
Ficus
China, Netherlands,
Taiwan
Costa Rica, Dominican
Republic, Guatemala,
Mexico, Thailand
Hedera
Netherlands
Colombia, Costa Rica,
Guatemala, Israel, Kenya,
Mexico
Hibiscus
France
Ilex
Netherlands
Lagerstroemia
Israel
Malus
Belgium, France,
Germany, Netherlands
Pinus
Japan, Korea, Republic of
Prunus
Netherlands
Quercus
France
Rhododendron
Japan
Robinia
Netherlands
Israel
Rosa
Denmark, France,
Germany, Netherlands,
United Kingdom
Rubus
United Kingdom
Sageretia
China
Styrax
Netherlands
A. The importation of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis host genera not
specified in Table 1 above, or from countries not specified after each host above,
or that do not meet the import requirements of this FO for the specified
countries, are not authorized pending a pest risk analysis.
B. Certain A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis host genera (e.g. Acer, Hibiscus,
Malus, Pinus, Prunus, Rhododendron, Rosa, Rubus, etc) have additional
prohibitions and/or import restrictions that must be met prior to importation. All
other plants for planting import prohibitions and restrictions in 7 CFR 319 and
other FOs still apply and are not affected by this FO.
V. Import requirements for plants for planting, except seed, of host genera from
countries (other than Canada) where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis
populations are present (See Column 2 of Table 1 in Section IV):
A. Plants with stem and root collar diameter 10 mm or less are not regulated for
A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis under this FO.
B. Plants with stem and root collar diameter greater than 10 mm:
1. Artificially dwarfed plants for planting must have been grown under the
conditions of 7 CFR 319.37-5(q) throughout their life or for a period of at
least three years immediately prior to export. These plants must be
accompanied by an import permit and a phytosanitary certificate from the
country of origin with an additional declaration stating:
“The plants for planting in this shipment, including all plant parts (e.g.
rootstock, scion, etc.) were solely grown in the [insert name of exporting
country] under the conditions of Federal Order # DA-2013-18 dated May
9, 2013 and the place of production and the plants are, and have been,
found free of signs and presence of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis.”
2. Plants for planting that are not artificially dwarfed will be allowed entry
if they have been produced in an APHIS approved pest free area (PFA), pest
free place of production (PFPP), or pest free production site (PFPS)
established under the ISPM Standards. The NPPO of the exporting country
may be required to enter into a trust fund agreement with the United States to
pay the costs incurred by APHIS for approval and monitoring of the pest free
area. The plants must have been grown in a PFA, PFPP or PFPS throughout
their life or for a period of at least three years immediately prior to export.
The approval process of PFA, PFPP or PFPS for individual countries must be
initiated by the exporting country by submitting information to APHIS
describing the official control measures implemented against these pests.
Official control measures include, but are not limited to, systems approaches,
surveys, movement control of host material, and surveillance. These plants
for planting from an APHIS approved PFA, PFPP, or PFPS must be
accompanied by an import permit and a phytosanitary certificate from the
country of origin with an additional declaration stating:
“The plants for planting in this shipment, including all plant parts (e.g.
rootstock, scion, etc.) were solely grown in [name of PFA, PFPP, PFPS],
an APHIS approved [PFA, PFPP, PFPS] in the exporting country, and
the place of production and the plants are, and have been, found free of
signs and presence of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis through twice
yearly surveys conducted during activity of these beetles.”
C. All other plants for planting import prohibitions and restrictions in 7 CFR 319
and other FOs still apply and are not affected by this FO.
D. Destructive sampling of plants over 10 mm in diameter may be required at the
port of entry for all host material from all countries. Shipments will be denied
entry if any life stage of these two pests or any signs of the presence of wood
borers that could be these species are found.
VI. Import requirements for plants for planting, except seed, of host genera from
countries (other than Canada) where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis
populations are NOT present (See Column 3 of Table 1 in Section IV):
A. Plants with stem and root collar diameter 10 mm or less are not regulated for
A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis under this FO.
B. Plants with stem and root collar diameter greater than 10 mm:
1. Artificially dwarfed plants for planting must have been grown under the
conditions of 7 CFR 319.37-5(q) throughout their life or for a period of at
least three years immediately prior to export. These plants must be
accompanied by an import permit and a phytosanitary certificate from the
country of origin with an additional declaration stating:
“The plants for planting in this shipment, including all plant parts (e.g.
rootstock, scion, etc.) were solely grown in the [insert name of exporting
country] under the conditions of Federal Order # DA-2013-18 dated May
9, 2013 and the place of production and the plants are, and have been,
found free of signs and presence of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis.”
2. Plants for planting that are not artificially dwarfed can only be imported
into the United States if upon arrival at the first port of entry, they are
accompanied by an import permit and a phytosanitary certificate from the
country of origin, with an additional declaration stating:
“The plants for planting in this shipment, including all plant parts (e.g.
rootstock, scion, etc.) were solely grown in the [name of exporting
country] and A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis are not known to occur
in the [name of exporting country].”
C. All other plants for planting import prohibitions and restrictions in 7 CFR 319
and other FOs still apply and are not affected by this FO.
D. Destructive sampling of plants over 10 mm in diameter may be required at the
port of entry for all host material from all countries. Shipments will be denied
entry if any life stage of these two pests or any signs of the presence of wood
borers that could be these species are found.
VII. The importation of the following plants for planting genera, excluding seed,
that are hosts of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis, is not authorized pending
pest risk analysis from all countries:
Cunninghamia, Koelreuteria, Pterocarya, Tectona
VIII. The importation of the following plants for planting genera, excluding seed,
that are hosts of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis is not authorized pending
pest risk analysis from all countries, except Canada:
Celtis, Cercidiphyllum, Tilia, Toxicodendron
IX. Import requirements for plants for planting, except seed, of host genera of A.
chinensis and/or A. glabripennis from Canada:
A. Plants for planting of host genera (See Section III, except those hosts listed
in Section VII) of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis from Canada are
enterable into the United States if the plants were imported into Canada before
the effective date of this FO and they meet the definition of “from” Canada in 7
CFR 319.37-1. No additional declaration on the phytosanitary certificate (PC) is
necessary.
All other plants for planting import prohibitions and restrictions in 7 CFR 319
and other FOs still apply and are not affected by this FO.
B. Plants for planting of host genera imported into Canada from a third
country, after the effective date of this FO, must meet the following
requirements before becoming enterable into the US:
1. Only those hosts from countries as specified in Section IV, Table 1, Column
3 would be eligible hosts for importation, provided that the plants meet all
other requirements under the definition of “from” Canada in 7 CFR 319.37-1.
No additional declaration on the phytosanitary certificate (PC) is necessary.
All other plants for planting import prohibitions and restrictions in 7 CFR
319 and other FOs still apply and are not affected by this FO.
2. Those hosts from countries as specified in Section IV, Table 1, Column 3
that do not meet the definition of “from” Canada in 7 CFR 319.37-1 may be
re-exported to the United States if the original PC from the exporting country
contains the appropriate additional declaration required in either Canadian
Directive D-11-01 or in this FO for importation of host genera from countries
where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis are not present. The additional
declaration required by D-11-01 is considered equivalent to that which is
required by this FO.
All other plants for planting import prohibitions and restrictions in 7 CFR
319 and other FOs still apply and are not affected by this FO.
3. All other host-country combinations imported into Canada are not authorized
for importation into the United States from Canada.
X. Import requirements for cut flowers and greenery of host genera (See Section
III) of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis from countries (See Section II) where
A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis populations are present:
A. Cut flowers and greenery 10mm or less in diameter are not regulated for A.
chinensis and/or A. glabripennis under this FO.
B. Cut flowers and greenery greater than 10 mm in diameter are prohibited
entry into the United States from countries where A. chinensis and/or A.
glabripennis populations are present (See Section II for countries where these
pests are present).
C. Certain A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis host genera (e.g. Acacia, Acer,
Aesculus, Alnus, Castanea, Chaenomeles, Cotoneaster, Cydonia, Fraxinus,
Hibiscus, Ilex, Malus, Pimus, Prunus, Pyrus, Salix, Viburnum, etc) and any host
genera within the family Rutaceae (e.g. Atalantia, Citrus, Fortunella, Poncirus,
etc.) are already more strictly regulated for other pests in the Code of Federal
Regulations or other Federal Orders, or have additional specific prohibitions
and/or import restrictions that must be met prior to importation.
XI. Import requirements for cut flowers and greenery of host genera (See Section
III) of A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis from a country where A. chinensis
and/or A. glabripennis populations are not present (See Section II for countries
where these pests are present):
A. Cut flowers and greenery 10mm or less in diameter are not regulated from
any country for A. chinensis or A. glabripennis under this FO.
B. Cut flowers and greenery greater than 10 mm in diameter are enterable into
the United States from a country where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis
populations are not present provided that they were grown and harvested in the
exporting country where either of these two pests are not present (See Section II
for countries where these pests are present).
C. Cut flowers and greenery greater than 10 mm in diameter are enterable into
the United States from a country where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis
populations are not present if they are imported into the exporting country from a
country where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis populations are not present
(See Section II for countries where these pests are present).
D. Cut flowers and greenery greater than 10 mm in diameter are prohibited
entry into the United States from any country when they are imported into the
exporting country from a country where A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis
populations are present (See Section II for countries where these pests are
present).
E. Certain A. chinensis and/or A. glabripennis host genera (e.g. Acacia, Acer,
Aesculus, Alnus, Castanea, Chaenomeles, Cotoneaster, Cydonia, Fraxinus,
Hibiscus, Ilex, Malus, Pinus, Prunus, Pyrus, Salix, Viburnum, etc) and any host
genera within the family Rutaceae (e.g. Atalantia, Citrus, Fortunella, Poncirus,
etc.) are already more strictly regulated for other pests in the Code of Federal
Regulations or other Federal Orders, or have additional specific prohibitions
and/or import restrictions that must be met prior to importation.
This Federal Order is effective on May 20, 2013.
