20
Facilities
The Radiation Science & Engineering Center (RSEC)
The RSEC facilities include the Penn State Breazeale Reactor, gamma-ray irradiation facilities (in-pool
irradiator and dry irradiator), the Neutron Beam Laboratory, the Hot Cell Laboratory, the Radionuclear
Applications Laboratory, the Radiochemistry Teaching Laboratory, the Nuclear Security Education
Laboratory, the Subcritical Graphite Reactor Facility, and various radiation detection and measurement
laboratories.
TRIGA Reactor
The TRIGA reactor system at the RSEC versatile reactor operating at a power level of 1 MW with a
maximum thermal neutron flux of 2.7 x 10
13
neutrons/cm
2
-sec and can be pulsed to a peak power of 2000
MW with a maximum integrated output of 6 x 10
16
neutrons/cm
2
. The reactor core, suspended from a
movable bridge, can be positioned in the “swimming pool” to provide the most effective experimental
setup. Special equipment directly associated with the reactor includes a D
2
O thermal column, pneumatic
“rabbit” tubes, several beam ports, and a traversing experimental ridge. The reactor normally operates
one shift per day, five days a week. More information is at https://www.rsec.psu.edu/
Neutron Beam Laboratory
The Neutron Beam Laboratory (NBL) is one of the most used facilities at the RSEC. Well-collimated
beams of neutrons, thermalized by D
2
O, are passed into the NBL for use in various neutron beam
techniques. When the reactor core is placed next to the D
2
O tank and graphite reflector assembly near
the beam port locations, thermal neutron beams become available for neutron transmission and neutron
radiography measurements from two of the seven existing beam ports.
The RSEC has a facility specifically designed to measure the
10
B concentration in neutron-absorbing
materials and has been working in this field since 1998. The facility and the measurement method are
used to characterize the effectiveness of most boron-based aluminum neutron-absorbing materials used
by the nuclear industry. The neutron beam laboratory also houses a neutron imaging facility for the
inspection of materials.
Nuclear Security Education Laboratory
The primary goal of this laboratory is to provide students with hands-on experience with radiation
detection systems, sensors, devices, and source technologies. Students can become familiar with major
radiation detectors/sensors and radiation sources, understand the principles of radiation interactions with
matter, demonstrate an understanding of the principles of radiation detection and measurement, nuclear
instrumentation, detectors/sensors, field deployable devices, portal monitors, dosimeters, and
nondestructive and destructive assay methods, as well as demonstrate an ability to conduct experiments,
acquire data, and analyze and interpret the data. The following experiments are designed and included in
the course designed for the equipment in this laboratory: neutron multiplicity measurements, identifying
the differences between neutron emissions from (a, n) reactions and spontaneous fission sources by use
of neutron counting and neutron coincidence counting measurements, gamma-ray spectroscopy systems
for versatile in-situ counting (identification of unknown radionuclides with various gamma spectroscopy
systems), environmental media characterization (soil, air, water, etc.), alpha source activity
determination, special nuclear materials gamma-ray spectroscopy analysis, measurement of
235
U
enrichment and quantity of uranium in a sample, Pu/U ratio analysis, Pu isotopic composition
determination by gamma-ray spectroscopy, radiation counting of known source materials for counting
statistics, precision and accuracy, and MDA determination, determinate corrections in radiation counting
(absorption, backscatter, geometry considerations, detectors and supporting electronics), liquid
scintillator detectors for pulse shape discrimination for neutron and gamma-ray sources, and absolute
activity measurement using coincidence counting.