Integrated National Board Dental Examination (INBDE) 2024

Integrated National

Board Dental Examination

(INBDE)

2024 Candidate Guide

IMPORTANT NOTE: COVID-19 may continue to have an impact on examination programs implemented by DTS. Candidates should

regularly monitor

ADA.org/INBDE

, to understand the potential impact of COVID-19 on Examination Program administrations.

Candidates must comply with all required test center procedures, including those pertaining to COVID-19.

You are required to read this Guide before you apply to take the examination.

At the time of application, you will be required to confirm that you have read this Guide, understood its contents, and agree to

the policies and procedures contained herein.

Changes to the Integrated National Board Dental Exam (INBDE) Program may occur after publication of this Guide. Updated PDFs will be

posted to

ADA.org/INBDE

. You will be subject to the policies and procedures currently in effect at the time of your test administration.

The Department of Testing Services (DTS) is a shared service of the American Dental Association (ADA) that

employs testing professionals and provides professional examination services in all relevant areas (e.g., test

design, content development, administration, analysis, and reporting). At the direction of the governing bodies

it supports, DTS advises on policy based on testing industry best practices and professional experience, and

implements policy for the orderly, secure, and fair administration of examination programs within its charge.

 
Integrated National Board  
Dental Examination (INBDE) 
2024 Candidate Guide 
 
 
©2024 Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations  All rights reserved.    Updated: 
04/23/2024 
INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide |  1 
 
Table of Contents 
OVERVIEW ............................................................. 2 
About this Guide  
and Examination Program .................................. 2 
Purpose of the National  
Board Examinations ........................................... 2 
Examination Fairness ......................................... 3 
Ethical Conduct .................................................. 4 
EXAMINATION CONTENT  
AND PREPARATION MATERIALS ........................ 5 
Examination Content  
and Specifications .............................................. 5 
Sample Item Formats .......................................13 
Patient Box .......................................................14 
Dental Charts ....................................................15 
Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................16 
Examination Preparation  
and Resources .................................................16 
Confidentiality of Examination Materials ..........17 
RESULTS INFORMATION ...................................18 
Scoring of Examination ....................................18 
Results Audits ...................................................19 
Results Reports ................................................19 
ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS ............................20 
Retesting Policy and Additional Eligibility 
Requirements ...................................................21 
EXAMINATION INFORMATION ...........................22 
Examination Fees .............................................22 
Eligibility Extension Requests ..........................23 
Rescheduling Fees .......................................... 23 
Administration Schedule .................................. 24 
Application Procedures .................................... 26 
Test Center Procedures .................................. 27 
Identification Policy .......................................... 27 
Reschedule or Cancel  
a Testing Appointment ..................................... 28 
No-Show Policy ............................................... 28 
Emergencies on the Day  
of a Testing Appointment ................................. 29 
Testing Problems on the Day  
of the Testing Appointment .............................. 29 
Testing Accommodations ................................ 30 
Unacceptable Forms  
of Documentation............................................. 31 
EXAMINATION REGULATIONS  
AND RULES OF CONDUCT ................................ 32 
Rules of Conduct ............................................. 32 
Privacy and Security ........................................ 34 
Examination Misconduct .................................. 35 
Irregularities and Appeals ................................ 38 
Non-Appealable Policies ................................. 39 
Arbitration Requirement ................................... 39 
Agreement to Arbitrate .................................... 39 
 
 
 
   

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 2

OVERVIEW

ABOUT THIS GUIDE AND EXAMINATION PROGRAM

This document is the official candidate guide for the Integrated National Board Dental Examination (“INBDE

” or

the “Examination”). It provides information about application and examination procedures, program policies,

examination content, test security, ramifications of rule violations, and scoring. The governing body for the INBDE

is the Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations (“JCNDE” or “Governing Body”). The INBDE is

implemented by the Department of Testing Services (“DTS”). The JCNDE is an agency of the American Dental

Association (“ADA”), while DTS is a shared service of the ADA. Examinations are administered by Prometric

(“Prometric” or “Administration Vendor”) in the United States and Canada. Collectively, the Governing Body, DTS,

and the set of activities, policies, and procedures occurring in support of this examination are referred to as the

“INBDE Program” or simply the “Examination Program.”

The Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations (JCNDE) would like to thank you for your interest in this

examination. As the agency responsible for overseeing the development and administration of this examination,

the JCNDE appreciates the time and energy you are devoting to preparation. The JCNDE takes its responsibilities

extremely seriously and works diligently to help ensure its examinations provide valid, reliable, and fair

evaluations of candidate knowledge, skills, and abilities.

PURPOSE OF THE NATIONAL BOARD EXAMINATIONS

The purpose of the National Board Examinations (NBEs) (i.e., the INBDE

, DLOSCE

, and NBDHE

) is to assist

jurisdictional boards in determining the qualifications of those who seek licensure to practice dentistry or dental

hygiene. These examinations assess important knowledge, skills, and abilities required for safe practice, and their

relevant application in a problem-solving context. Licensure boards use the information provided by the NBEs to

help protect the public health.

Acceptance of the NBEs is at the discretion of individual licensing jurisdictions. Currently, all United States

licensing jurisdictions recognize the INBDE and NBDHE; these jurisdictions include all 50 states, the District of

Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the US Virgin Islands. Please see ADA.org/dlosce for information concerning

the specific licensing jurisdictions that currently accept DLOSCE results as either full or partial fulfillment of board

clinical licensure examination requirements.

Additional information regarding licensure and licensure requirements can be found at the following links:

• Licensure Overview | American Dental Association

• Interactive Licensure Map | American Dental Association

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 3

EXAMINATION FAIRNESS

Fairness, diversity, and inclusion are values that are of critical importance to society and to health professions.

The Governing Body and DTS have devoted and continue to devote substantial time and energy to these

considerations, to comprehensively consider the relevant issues and implement examination programs that are

fair, valid, and reliable, providing candidates with the opportunity to demonstrate their knowledge, skills, and

abilities in support of accurate and valid skill measurement. Fairness efforts are rooted in professional standards

as promulgated in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing

. This document — published by the

American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, and National Council on

Measurement in Education — provides professional guidance on all aspects of testing, and specifically notes that

fairness is fundamental to validity. Fairness considerations are embedded throughout this Examination Program,

affecting every aspect of how this examination is constructed, administered, scored, and reported, appropriately

recognizing the critical importance of fairness to society, and reflecting the core values of those who work closely

and care deeply about this program.

American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, National Council on Measurement in Education. (2014)

Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. Washington, DC: Author.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 4

ETHICAL CONDUCT

Health care professionals play an important role in society by providing services that contribute to the overall

health and well-being of individuals and their communities. In light of this responsibility, such professionals must

behave ethically at all times. This obligation begins at the time of application to school and continues through the

educational process, the licensure process, and the entirety of professional practice.

Members of the dental profession voluntarily abide by the ADA Principles of Ethics and Code of Professional

Conduct in the interest of protecting patients and maintaining the trust of society. The ADA Principles of Ethics

and Code of Professional Conduct is found at this link: ADA.org/en/about-the-ada/principles-of-ethics-code-of-

professional-conduct

The purpose of this Examination Program is to provide licensure boards with information as to whether a

candidate possesses the necessary skills to safely practice at an entry-level. Accordingly, all candidates are

expected to pass the examination on their own merit without assistance and are expected to maintain

confidentiality with respect to examination content.

Applicants are expected to abide by these ethical standards and to read, understand, and comply with the

examination regulations and rules of conduct for this examination. The obligation to abide by these ethical

standards includes a commitment to honesty, truthfulness, full disclosure, accuracy, fairness, and integrity in all

matters pertaining to examinations completed now and in the future (examination applications, examination

procedures, applications for licensure, etc.).

Misconduct resulting in an irregularity in the examination process is a very serious matter. Violation of the rules of

conduct or examination regulations may result in civil liability, voiding of examination results, retest penalties, or

other appropriate penalties.

Under certain circumstances, misconduct and irregularities in the examination process may be reported to

relevant licensing authorities. A candidate who acts unethically risks potential delay, denial, suspension, or

loss of licensure.

The Examination Program Governing Body, licensure boards, and the profession expect strong ethical behavior

from all candidates. The Governing Body annually publishes policies and procedures applicable to misconduct

and irregularities in the application and examination process. This information is available in later sections of this

document. The Governing Body expects all candidates to carefully read and understand this information and their

obligations as candidates for this examination.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 5

EXAMINATION CONTENT AND PREPARATION MATERIALS

EXAMINATION CONTENT AND SPECIFICATIONS

The Domain of Dentistry

The INBDE

was designed to integrate the biomedical, clinical, and behavioral sciences in its evaluation of

candidate dental cognitive skills. This integration occurs through the use of the Domain of Dentistry, which serves

as the content domain for the INBDE. The Domain of Dentistry represents the Clinical Content areas and

Foundation Knowledge areas required for the safe, independent, general practice of dentistry by entry-level

practitioners. It contains 56 Clinical Content (CC) areas and 10 Foundation Knowledge (FK) areas. Through this

approach the clinical relevance of examination content is maximized. The Domain of Dentistry serves as the key

reference for the INBDE test specifications, which indicate the percentage of items allocated to topic areas.

Clinical Content Areas

INBDE

Clinical Content areas represent the fundamental tasks that are performed by entry-level general

practitioners. These areas are grouped into three component sections: Diagnosis and Treatment Planning, Oral

Health Management, and Practice and Profession.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 6

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning includes all aspects of diagnosis, assessment, interpretation of

laboratory results, physical evaluation of structure, appearance and function, as well as background,

characteristics, circumstances, underlying conditions and psychological, social or behavioral influences to

derive an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan, as well as identify reasonable and safe treatment

alternatives for any patient. Within the Joint Commission’s Domain of Dentistry, Diagnosis and Treatment

Planning is represented by the tasks indicated below.

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING

Interpret patient information and medical data to assess and manage patients.

Identify the chief complaint and understand the contributing factors.

Perform head and neck and intraoral examinations, interpreting and evaluating the clinical findings.

Use clinical and epidemiological data to diagnose and establish a prognosis for dental abnormalities

and pathology.

Recognize the normal range of clinical findings and distinguish significant deviations that require

monitoring, treatment, or management.

Predict the most likely diagnostic result given available patient information.

Interpret diagnostic results to inform understanding of the patient’s condition.

Recognize the manifestations of systemic disease and how the disease and its management may

affect the delivery of dental care.

Recognize the interrelationship between oral health and systemic disease, and implement strategies

for improving overall health.

Select the diagnostic tools most likely to establish or confirm the diagnosis.

Collect information from diverse sources (patient, guardian, patient records, allied staff, and other

healthcare professionals) to make informed decisions.

Formulate a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment plan for patient management.

Discuss etiologies, treatment alternatives, and prognoses with patients so they are educated and can

make informed decisions concerning the management of their care.

Understand how patient attributes (e.g., gender, age, race, ethnicity, and special needs), social

background and values influence the provision of oral health care at all stages of life.

Interact and communicate with patients using psychological, social, and behavioral principles.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 7

Oral Health Management

Oral Health Management includes all aspects of patient care delivery, including provision and modification

of treatment, handling of complications, intervention outcomes assessment, and all developments that

arise in the course of managing a patient’s oral health care. Within the Joint Commission’s Domain of

Dentistry, Oral Health Management is represented by the tasks indicated below.

ORAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT

Prevent, recognize and manage medical emergencies (e.g., cardiac arrest).

Prevent, recognize and manage dental emergencies.

Recognize and manage acute pain, hemorrhage, trauma, and infection of the orofacial complex.

Prevent, diagnose and manage pain during treatment.

Prevent, diagnose and manage pulpal and periradicular diseases.

Prevent, diagnose and manage caries.

Prevent, diagnose and manage periodontal diseases.

Prevent, diagnose and manage oral mucosal and osseous diseases.

Recognize, manage and report patient abuse and neglect.

Recognize and manage substance abuse.

Select and administer or prescribe pharmacological agents in the treatment of dental patients.

Anticipate, prevent, and manage complications arising from the use of therapeutic and

pharmacological agents in patient care.

Diagnose endodontic conditions and perform endodontic procedures.

Diagnose and manage the restorative needs of edentulous and partially edentulous patients.

Restore tooth function, structure, and esthetics by replacing missing and defective tooth structure,

while promoting soft and hard tissue health.

Perform prosthetic restorations (fixed or removable) and implant procedures for edentulous and

partially edentulous patients.

Diagnose and manage oral surgical treatment needs.

Perform oral surgical procedures.

Prevent, diagnose and manage developmental or acquired occlusal problems.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 8

Prevent, diagnose and manage temporomandibular disorders.

Diagnose and manage patients requiring modification of oral tissues to optimize form, function and

esthetics.

Evaluate outcomes of comprehensive dental care.

Manage the oral esthetic needs of patients.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 9

Practice and Profession

Practice and Profession includes the understanding, implementation and monitoring of effective systems,

procedures and policies that support professional practice integrity, quality control and self or

organizational performance assessment, as well as systems, procedures and policies that enable skillful

integration of new knowledge, products and technology, and that minimize risk and enhance the quality of

care provided or improve community oral health. Within the Joint Commission’s Domain of Dentistry,

Practice and Profession is represented by the tasks indicated below.

PRACTICE AND PROFESSION

Evaluate and integrate emerging trends in health care.

Evaluate social and economic trends and adapt to accommodate their impact on oral health care.

Evaluate scientific literature and integrate new knowledge and best research outcomes with patient

values and other sources of information to make decisions about treatment.

Practice within the general dentist’s scope of competence and consult with or refer to professional

colleagues when indicated.

Evaluate and utilize available and emerging resources (e.g., laboratory and clinical resources,

information technology) to facilitate patient care, practice management, and professional

development.

Conduct practice activities in a manner that manages risk and is consistent with jurisprudence and

ethical requirements in dentistry and healthcare.

Recognize and respond to situations involving ethical and jurisprudence considerations.

Maintain patient records in accordance with jurisprudence and ethical requirements.

Conduct practice related business activities and financial operations in accordance with sound

business practices and jurisprudence (e.g., OSHA and HIPAA).

Develop a catastrophe preparedness plan for the dental practice.

Manage, coordinate and supervise the activity of allied dental health personnel.

Assess one's personal level of skills and knowledge relative to dental practice.

Adhere to standard precautions for infection control for all clinical procedures.

Use prevention, intervention, and patient education strategies to maximize oral health.

Collaborate with dental team members and other health care professionals to promote health and

manage disease in communities.

Evaluate and implement systems of oral health care management and delivery that will address the

needs of patient populations served.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 10

Apply quality assurance, assessment and improvement concepts to improve outcomes.

Communicate case design to laboratory technicians and evaluate the resultant restoration or

prosthesis.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 11

Foundation Knowledge (FK) Areas

Within the Domain of Dentistry, Foundation Knowledge (FK) Areas represent the knowledge, skills, and abilities

that are required to successfully perform tasks represented in the aforementioned Clinical Content Areas.

Knowledge in each area is applied by the dentist to aid in the prevention, diagnosis, and management of oral

disease and to promote and maintain oral health. The Domain of Dentistry Foundation Knowledge areas are as

follows:

FOUNDATION KNOWLEDGE AREAS

Molecular, biochemical, cellular, and systems-level development, structure and function

Physics and chemistry to explain normal biology and pathobiology

Physics and chemistry to explain the characteristics and use of technologies and materials

Principles of genetic, congenital and developmental diseases and conditions and their clinical features

to understand patient risk

Cellular and molecular bases of immune and non-immune host defense mechanism.

General and disease-specific pathology to assess patient risk

The biology of microorganisms in physiology and pathology

Pharmacology

Behavioral sciences, ethics, and jurisprudence

Research methodology and analysis, and informatics tools

A detailed description and explanation of the Foundation Knowledge areas is provided on the JCNDE’s website,

in a document entitled “Foundation of Knowledge for the General Dentist” that can be accessed via

ADA.org/INBDE. This document presents the following concerning each Foundation of Knowledge area:

• Statement describing the general content associated with the area

• Examples of dental disciplines relevant to the area

• Examples of clinical dental science areas relevant to the area

• Major topics and subtopics within each area, including relevant disciplines and detailed examples

Candidates are urged to read this document to learn more about the Foundation Knowledge areas assessed by

the INBDE.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 12

Test Specifications*

Test specifications provide information concerning how many examination questions (items) are allocated to

specific areas of a content domain. The INBDE test specifications appear in the table below. These specifications

show the percentage of examination items allocated to each clinical component section and each Foundation

Knowledge Area. Additionally, the table also shows how items are allocated within each section and area.

FOUNDATION

KNOWLEDGE

AREAS

FK 1

FK 2

FK 3

FK 4

FK 5

FK 6

FK 7

FK 8

FK 9

FK 10

TOTAL

Diagnosis &

Treatment

Planning

36%

Oral Health

Management

42%

Practice and

Profession

<1%

22%

Total

12%

11%

12%

11%

10%

100%

*All values have been rounded to facilitate interpretation. Due to this rounding, marginal totals may not precisely

equal the sum of the respective cells.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 13

SAMPLE ITEM FORMATS

All INBDE items consist of a stem, which poses a problem, followed by a list of possible answers (response

options). The stem of the examination item will either be a question or the start of a sentence which will be

completed by each of the response options. Each item will have at least three and not more than five possible

responses. All of the items on the examination are multiple choice, and only one of the responses is considered to

be the correct, or best, option. Examples of INBDE item formats are provided below.

Completion items require the candidate to complete a sentence to correctly represent a concept or idea.

The sensation of touch, pain, pressure, or temperature is determined by the:

A. degree of myelinization of a nerve fiber.

B. frequency of the stimulation to a nerve fiber.

C. method of stimulation of a nerve fiber.

D. strength of the stimulation to a nerve fiber.

The best indicator for surgical intervention of a carious lesion is:

A. cavitation

B. decalcification

C. discoloration

D. a white spot lesion

Some items pose a question that communicates a problem or set of circumstances to which the

candidate must respond.

Which muscle(s) does the phrenic nerve innervate?

A. Abdominal

B. Diaphragm

C. Internal intercostal

D. Sternocleidomastoid

Which has the potential for undergoing spontaneous malignant transformation?

A. Albright’s syndrome

B. Osteogenesis imperfecta

C. Osteomalacia

D. Paget’s disease of bone

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 14

Negatively-worded questions include a word such as EXCEPT or NOT in the stem. These key words are

capitalized to alert the reader to the negative wording of the question.

Each of the following medications is used to treat cardiac arrhythmias EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A. Lidocaine

B. Phenytoin (Dilantin

)

C. Propranolol (Inderal

)

D. Quinidine

Each of the following is affected by saliva EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A. Carbohydrate breakdown

B. Dental caries

C. Oral microflora

D. Protein digestion

An acute allergic reaction is LEAST likely to occur in the:

A. bronchi

B. larynx

C. liver

D. skin

PATIENT BOX

Some questions in this examination involve a Patient Box. The Patient Box presents information available to the

dentist and dental hygienist at the time of the visit. If no information is presented in each area of the Patient Box,

assume the information is either unknown or is not available. For example, if no allergies are listed, assume the

patient has no known allergies at the time of visit. Always consider information presented in the Patient Box when

answering questions and pay close attention to all provided patient information.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 15

DENTAL CHARTS

Some cases in this test involve dental charts. Below are samples of the types of dental charts used within the test.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 16

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Commonly used acronyms and abbreviations may appear on the examination. Please refer to the Acronyms and

Abbreviations document posted at ADA.org/INBDE to review a list of acronyms and abbreviations that might

appear.

EXAMINATION PREPARATION AND RESOURCES

All examination questions are reviewed annually by a team of subject matter experts before they are used for

examination purposes. This process helps to ensure that the questions reflect the most recent research and

guidelines. For information about how and when newly emerging guidelines are incorporated into the

examination, candidates should review the document entitled Recent and Forthcoming Updates to

Examinations.

The JCNDE recommends that candidates use textbooks and lecture notes as primary sources for study.

The JCNDE does not endorse or recommend any specific texts or other teaching aids (e.g., review courses) that

are advertised as INBDE

preparation materials. However, the following resources are available to candidates at

ADA.org/INBDE as they prepare for the examination.

Practice Questions

Candidates interested in preparing for the INBDE may visit ADA.org/INBDE and download the INBDE practice

questions (PDF) that are available for use by stakeholders and communities of interest. These questions were

developed by INBDE test constructors to help introduce the INBDE approach to candidates and schools. The

JCNDE believes practice questions are best used to simply familiarize candidates with item formats. The JCNDE

does not guarantee that the information in INBDE practice questions is accurate, current, or relevant. Practice

questions may no longer be consistent with current examination specifications, content emphasis, item formatting

guidelines, and examination structure. Due to advances in dental practice and the biomedical sciences, these

materials may be outdated. Candidates are cautioned not to limit preparation for the examination to the review of

practice questions.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 17

All practice questions are the property of the JCNDE, for use by educators and students within educational

environments and for individual study. These questions are copyrighted and may not be reproduced in any

format, whether paper or electronic, without the expressed written permission of the JCNDE.

For additional information regarding this examination, please visit the following web page: ADA.org/INBDE.

Tutorial

At the beginning of the test administration session, candidates will be given an opportunity to take a brief tutorial

before attempting official test questions. The tutorial is designed to familiarize candidates with how to use the test

administration computer to navigate the examination.

Test Drive

Prometric offers a Test Drive to allow candidates to become familiar with the testing experience. In 30 minutes,

candidates can preview what they will encounter during their official test administration session, including:

• the scheduling and registration process

• the complete check-in process.

• introduction to test center staff and surroundings.

• a live 15-minute sample test (i.e., a generic test, not the INBDE) to experience the testing process.

Visit Prometric at prometric.com/test-drive for further details and pricing.

CONFIDENTIALITY OF EXAMINATION MATERIALS

Examination items represent confidential, copyrighted intellectual property. Obtaining, using, or distributing

examination questions—also referred to as examination items—is strictly prohibited, regardless of the method

employed (memorization, recording, copying, or other means). This prohibition includes the discussion,

distribution, or online posting of remembered examination questions or answers, in whole or in part.

The use or sharing of examination questions violates the examination regulations and rules of conduct of this

testing program. Such activities could provide an unfair advantage and threaten the validity and credibility of the

examination. Since all examinations are copyrighted property, these prohibited activities also violate federal

The Department of Testing Services investigates all reports of candidates’ alleged production, misuse, or

sharing of confidential examination materials, and will pursue formal action against anyone who violates

examination regulations or federal copyright law. Violations could result in the voiding of examination

results, legal action, or other appropriate penalties.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 18

RESULTS INFORMATION

SCORING OF EXAMINATION

The examinations of the JCNDE are all criterion-referenced, with the minimum passing score for each

examination determined by subject matter experts through rigorous standard-setting activities. On a periodic

basis, passing standards for each examination are separately reviewed and updated by subject matter experts

and the JCNDE itself, in order to reflect any changes in the level of knowledge, skills, and abilities required to

safely practice.

National Board Examination results are reported as either “pass” or “fail,” based on a candidate’s performance

with reference to the corresponding standard established for the Examination Program. Results are reported only

as “pass” for candidates who achieve passing scores. For remediation purposes, the JCNDE provides

performance information to candidates who have failed the examination. For the INBDE

, this information is

provided at an overall level, for the three (3) clinical content areas, and for the ten (10) foundation knowledge

areas. The determination as to whether a candidate has either passed or failed the examination is based solely

on the overall scale score (i.e., not on subarea scales). This overall scale score achieved is provided to

unsuccessful candidates in their results report. In providing INBDE results, all previous attempts on the National

Board Dental Examinations (i.e., NBDE Part I, NBDE Part II, and the INBDE) are reported. With respect to

candidates who tested prior to 2012, numerical scores for prior attempts are still reported.

While examination results are reported as “pass” or “fail,” the underlying mechanism for determining the “pass/fail”

result involves computation of a quantitative scale score that is subsequently evaluated against a minimum

passing scale score (i.e., the standard). Using scale scores, it is possible to meaningfully compare the

performance of one applicant with the performance of all applicants. Scale scores range from 49 to 99, with a

score of 75 representing the minimum passing score. Scale scores are not raw scores (i.e., the number of

questions answered correctly). A scale score of 74 does NOT mean that a candidate would have passed the

examination if they had answered one more question correctly. When standards are updated a corresponding

modification is made to the scoring scale, so that a scale score of 75 continues to reflect the minimum passing

score.

Many different forms of the examination are available for administration, so that from a test security perspective

candidates do not all see the same set of questions when they take the examination. Each examination form in

turn includes questions that enable the Examination Program to place different forms of the exam on a common

measurement scale, thereby adjusting the forms for any minor differences in difficulty. Because of this

adjustment, applicant results and scores have the same meaning, regardless of the particular examination form

that was administered.

INBDE scores are calculated based on responses provided by candidates in conjunction with the known

characteristics of administered questions. These characteristics include question difficulty, the quality of the

question, and the question’s susceptibility to guessing. Candidates are not penalized for guessing. However, in

estimating a candidate’s skill level, examination scoring routines do psychometrically take into account the

aforementioned three characteristics to provide a more precise estimate of candidate skills. The program employs

sophisticated psychometric analyses to accurately and fairly evaluate candidate skills.

Some questions on the examination are experimental and are not scored. The data collected on unscored

questions is used to determine whether the question is appropriate for use in future test construction. Unscored

questions look the same to candidates as scored questions.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 19

RESULTS AUDITS

As a routine part of quality assurance procedures, results are audited before they are distributed. Candidates can

also request to have their examination results audited or checked for accuracy an additional time, beyond that

indicated above. To request this second audit, login to your account and follow the audit request instructions.

Additional fees will apply (see the Examination Fees section of this Guide). Results audits require approximately

four to six weeks to complete and must be requested within 30 days of the reporting date indicated on the official

report of results.

RESULTS REPORTS

Examination results are typically available approximately three to four weeks after the examination date. Results

can be viewed online by signing into your DENTPIN account.

By signing their application, candidates educated by accredited programs (either currently enrolled or who have

graduated within the last five years) give express permission for their results to be shared with the program dean

and the dean’s designee(s).

Results are provided to others if permission is granted in the form of a results report request from the candidate,

or if such delivery is consistent with or required by JCNDE policy.

If misconduct has occurred concerning a past administration, at the discretion of the JCNDE results reports may

contain information concerning the incident (see Examination Regulations and Rules of Conduct).

After receiving their results report, candidates may request that additional reports be sent to other entities.

Fees are nonrefundable and nontransferable.

Results report requests can be made by signing into your DENTPIN account (ADA.org/DENTPIN) and going to

the ‘Requests’ tab. DTS will provide a history of results to dental and dental hygiene boards and any additional

reports be sent to other entities. Candidates must confirm the accuracy of these requests.

Scores cannot be voided at the request of a candidate after completing any part of the examination.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 20

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

The JCNDE does not discriminate based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, age, disability, sexual

orientation, or marital status.

Eligibility requirements differ based on factors such as the candidate’s educational background (e.g., educated by

a program accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) vs. not) and current stage of education

(e.g., current vs. former student). Additionally, unless otherwise indicated, policies that apply to candidates

educated by CODA accredited programs also apply to candidates educated by programs accredited by the

Commission on Dental Accreditation of Canada (CDAC) who are seeking licensure in the US. This occurs through

a reciprocal agreement. Candidates must qualify for examination through one of the following provisions:

Education through CODA Accredited Programs:

Current Student – CODA Accredited Program

A current student in a CODA accredited program is eligible for examination when the dean (or their

designee) provides confirmation that the student is prepared in all applicable disciplines.

Former Student – CODA Accredited Program

A former student who has completed courses in preparation for this examination — but is no longer

enrolled in the same program — is eligible for examination only if admitted or “conditionally admitted” to

another CODA accredited program in the applicable area of study. “Conditionally admitted” is defined as

admission contingent upon successful completion of this examination. Verification must be in the form of

a letter from the dean of the CODA-accredited program.

Dentist – Graduate of CODA Accredited Program

A dentist who is an active, life, or retired member of the American Dental Association at the time of

application is eligible for examination without further documentation. An affiliate member or nonmember

must submit a copy of their diploma or provide other appropriate verification of their degree.

Education through Programs Not Accredited by CODA

General Provisions

ALL candidates educated by non-CODA-accredited dental programs must have their educational degree

confirmed through Educational Credential Evaluators Inc. (ECE). ECE prepares reports providing

confirmation of candidate educational degrees earned in other countries. When requesting an ECE

report, candidates should request that a copy of the report be sent electronically from ECE to the Joint

Commission on National Dental Examinations.

Current Student – Non-CODA-Accredited Program

A current student attending a non-CODA-accredited program must adhere to the General Provisions

indicated above. Additionally, these students must have their status confirmed by their educational

program, through the completion of the Certification of Eligibility Form. Completed certification forms must

be sent by the educational program and must include both the seal of the university and the signature of

the dean or registrar.

Dentist – Graduate of a Non-CODA-Accredited Program

Candidates in this category must adhere to the General Provisions indicated above.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 21

INBDE

RETESTING POLICY AND ADDITIONAL ELIGIBILITY CONSIDERATIONS

With respect to candidates from accredited institutions, dental deans determine candidate eligibility to participate

in the INBDE Program. Subsequent to submitting a corresponding application, candidates will receive

confirmation of their eligibility to complete the INBDE, via an eligibility email from the Department of Testing

Services.

The INBDE retest policy is as follows:

• Candidates who have passed the INBDE may not retake the examination unless required by a dental

board or relevant regulatory agency.

• Candidates who have not passed may apply for re-examination. An examination attempt is defined as

any examination administration where the candidate has been seated at a computer at a test center, and

electronically agreed to the confidentiality statement presented at the beginning of the examination.

Providing this agreement starts the examination.

• Under the JCNDE’s 5 Years/5 Attempts Eligibility Rule, candidates must pass the examination within a)

five years of their first attempt or b) five examination attempts, whichever comes first. Subsequent to the

fifth year or fifth attempt, candidates may test once every 12 months after their most recent examination

attempt.

• Candidates must wait a minimum of 60 days between each unsuccessful INBDE attempt, with a

maximum of four (4) such administrations permitted during any one-year period of time. The preceding

restrictions are not subject to appeal.

• INBDE attempts are independent of any prior NBDE attempts, with respect to the aforementioned Five

Years/Five Attempts Eligibility Rule. Candidates who have previously failed five times or more on the

NBDE Part I and/or Part II will also have five years/five attempts on the INBDE.

• In reporting INBDE results, all attempts on the National Board Dental Examinations (i.e., NBDE Part I,

NBDE Part II, and the INBDE) will also be reported.

• Candidates are encouraged to seek formal remediation before re-examination.

See the Eligibility Requirements section of this Guide for additional information concerning candidate eligibility to

take the INBDE.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 22

EXAMINATION INFORMATION

EXAMINATION FEES

Fees are non-refundable and non-transferable. All fees are in U.S. dollars.

FEE TYPE

DESCRIPTION

FEE AMOUNT

Examination Fee

This fee includes official results reporting to the candidate, three

licensing jurisdictions (provided result report requests are requested at

the time of application), and the candidate’s dental program (CODA

accredited program).

$845

Processing Fee

for International

Candidates

This processing fee applies to candidates who are students or

graduates of a dental program that is not in the United States or

Canada.

$350

Results Report Fee

(optional)

This fee covers a single results report for a recipient NOT selected at

the time of application.

$50 per report

Results Audit Fee

(optional)

DTS is willing to audit a candidate’s results if the request is received

within 30 days of the reporting date on the official results report.

$65

INBDE Certificate

Candidates can order a full-size (8.5’x11”) National Board Certificate

with optional frame. To purchase, candidates must log in with their

DENTPIN

DENTPIN.

Eligibility Extension

Fee

Candidates can extend their eligibility period for a fee. The extension is

for 45 days and is available once per application.

$135

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 23

ELIGIBILITY EXTENSION REQUESTS

Candidates may request a 45-day extension (weekends and holidays included) to their eligibility window by

logging into their DENTPIN

account at ADA.org/education/manage-your-dentpin.

Candidates may request only one extension per application and cannot have a currently scheduled examination

appointment. Any candidate with a currently scheduled appointment must cancel that appointment before

proceeding with an extension request; failure to do so will result in the extension request being denied. The

eligibility extension request does not supersede any other rules regarding a candidate’s eligibility.

Candidates interested in a 45-day extension must pay a corresponding fee. This fee must be paid at the time the

extension request is submitted. This fee is non-refundable and non-transferable.

Please Note:

Once DTS processes a candidate’s application, that candidate is eligible to test for a six-month period, unless

other considerations — including retest rules and program requirements—limit the eligibility period to a shorter

timeframe. Candidates are encouraged to consider their test administration date carefully, as any last minute

requested changes (e.g., for medical reasons, personal reasons, or due to a missed testing appointment) may not

be approved.

RESCHEDULING FEES

Candidates may reschedule testing appointments for a fee, and with appropriate notice given. The rescheduled

date must fall within the authorized eligibility period. Rescheduling fees are subject to change. Sales tax may

apply to cancellation and rescheduling fees.

NUMBER OF DAYS PRIOR TO TESTING APPOINTMENT

RESCHEDULING FEE

30 or more business days*

$40

5 – 29 business days*

$70

1 – 4 business days*

$150

*Saturdays and Sundays are NOT business days

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 24

ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE

The following table provides the INBDE

™

administration schedule. The total administration time is twelve hours

and 30 minutes, including the optional tutorial, scheduled breaks, and post-examination survey. Administrations

occur over two days. The second administration day must occur within seven (7) days of the first day of

administration (i.e., administration does not need to occur over two consecutive days). Both administration days

must occur at the same test center. If a candidate does not test on two days within a 7-day period and at the

same test center, they will be required to retest at their own expense.

Integrated National Board Dental Examination Schedule

DAY 1

SECTIONS

CONTENT

MINUTES

Tutorial (optional)

Section 1

100 standalone items

105

Scheduled Break 1 (optional)

Section 2

100 standalone items

105

Scheduled Break 2 (optional)

Section 3

100 standalone items

105

Scheduled Break 3 (optional)

Section 4

60 items (cases)

105

Day One Total Time

8 hours 15 minutes

DAY 2

SECTIONS

CONTENT

MINUTES

Tutorial (optional)

Section 5

70 items (cases)

105

Scheduled Break (optional)

Section 6

70 items (cases)

105

Post-Exam Survey (optional)

Day Two Total Time

4 hours 15 minutes

Total Time

12 hours 30 minutes

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 25

Taking a break at any time other than a Scheduled Break is considered an Unscheduled Break. During

Unscheduled Breaks candidates may NOT access personal belongings or prohibited items, study, refer to notes

or texts, use a telephone, eat food, drink beverages, or leave the test center. Locker access during an

unscheduled break is strictly prohibited.

Violation of this policy may result in penalties that include, but are not limited to, the voiding of your examination

results and enforcement of an additional mandatory wait period before retesting.

IMPORTANT NOTE: COVID-19 continues to have an impact on examination programs implemented by DTS.

Candidates testing in 2024 should regularly monitor the DTS COVID-19 update document, posted on the

Examination Program website, for its potential impact on the Examination Program.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 26

APPLICATION PROCEDURES

Before applying to take this examination, candidates must first obtain a Dental Personal Identification Number

(DENTPIN

). Register for a new DENTPIN or retrieve an existing DENTPIN at ADA.org/DENTPIN.

The DENTPIN is a unique personal identifier used by U.S. dental education system and standardized testing

programs, such as the Dental Admission Test, Advanced Dental Admission Test, and the Admission Test for

Dental Hygiene — as well as application service programs such as the American Dental Education Association

(ADEA) Postdoctoral Application Support Service (ADEA PASS), the ADEA Associated American Dental Schools

Application Service (ADEA AADSAS), the Texas Medical & Dental Schools Application Service (TMDSAS), the

ADEA Centralized Application for Advanced Placement for International Dentists (ADEA CAAPID), and the ADEA

Dental Hygiene Centralized Application Service (ADEA DHCAS). In each case, the DENTPIN is used to uniquely

identify individuals, and for the confidential and secure reporting, transmission, and tracking of test scores and

academic data.

Once a DENTPIN is obtained, candidates can submit an application through the Examination Program website. A

new application and fee must be submitted before each testing attempt. A submitted application will be processed

only if the candidate meets all eligibility requirements for testing. Application processing takes place Monday

through Friday during standard US business hours.

After the DTS processes a candidate’s application, that candidate is eligible to test for a six-month period, unless

other considerationsꟷincluding retest rules and requirementsꟷlimit the eligibility period to a shorter timeframe.

If a candidate does not take the exam during their eligibility window the application fee is forfeited and the

candidate will need to submit a new application and payment in order to sit for the exam.

During the application and testing process, candidates will be required to provide their legal name, DENTPIN

address, date of birth, and other requested information to allow proper identification by the testing program. ALL

submitted information must be accurate. When including a middle name, candidates must use either their full

middle name or their middle initial. If it is determined that a candidate deliberately falsified personal information in

the DENTPIN system, examination application, or at the test center, scores will be voided and all schools will be

notified. Possible repercussions associated with deliberate falsification include a required two-year waiting period

before taking the examination again, or a complete banning from the Examination Program and any other

examination program implemented by DTS.

If the name on a candidate’s application fails to EXACTLY match the name appearing on IDs brought to the

Administration Vendor test center, the candidate will NOT be permitted to test. As a result, the testing

appointment and application fee will be forfeited and the candidate will be required to submit a new application

and fee before taking the examination.

Candidates are responsible for identifying any changes and corrections to their application (such as name, birth

date, etc.) and submitting corresponding requested updates at least two weeks prior to their testing appointment.

These changes require completing a “DENTPIN

Request Form” which is available at ADA.org/DENTPIN. All

changes and corrections must be emailed to d[email protected] along with the candidate’s DENTPIN (if known)

and any appropriate supporting documentation, such as a marriage certificate or court documents. Updates made

to contact information (address, email address, etc.) using the “Update Your DENTPIN” page at

ADA.org/DENTPIN will NOT automatically update existing test applications and score report requests. Candidates

are responsible for identifying any corrections or omissions and must notify the testing program separately via

email at dentpin@ada.org.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 27

Candidates are encouraged to consider their choice of testing appointment date carefully, as any last-minute

requested changes (e.g., for medical reasons, personal reasons, or due to a missed testing appointment) may not

be approved.

TEST CENTER PROCEDURES

The Administration Vendor will electronically capture the identity of each candidate biometrically (e.g., through

photograph, fingerprint, or palm vein scan) before candidates can proceed with testing. Candidates must consent

to these procedures before they are permitted to test. Electronic capture of biometric data allows for a more

efficient return to testing after breaks. Biometric and other identifying information will be retained by the

Administration Vendor and will be utilized for identity verification at potential future test administrations (e.g.,

retesting).

Administration Vendor staff will visually inspect eyeglasses and hair accessories as part of check-in procedures.

Staff may also use an electronic detection wand to scan for electronic devices. Jewelry, except for wedding and

engagement rings, is prohibited. Updates to security protocol at check-in may change with little to no advance

warning. Candidates can view the current check-in procedures at the Administration Vendor’s website.

Administration Vendor staff will observe candidates at all times during the testing appointment; this observation

will include staff walking through the secure testing room, as well as video recording of the candidate’s

examination session. Administration Vendor staff are required to report behavior that might represent a violation

of rules and regulations.

Administration Vendor staff are not authorized to answer questions from candidates regarding examination

content, examination software, specific examination program policies, and scoring.

IDENTIFICATION POLICY

When you arrive at the administration vendor test center to take your examination, two original, current (not

expired) forms of identification (ID)ꟷone primary and one secondaryꟷwill be required. An expired ID WILL NOT

be accepted, even if that ID is accompanied by temporary identification or documentation that a new, valid ID has

been requested.

The primary ID must be a government-issued ID with your photograph, name, and signature. Examples of

acceptable primary IDs include, but are not limited to a driver’s license, passport, or passport card. All IDs, with

the exception of passports, must be in English.

The secondary ID must contain your name and signature. Examples of secondary IDs include, but are not limited

to debit cards, library cards, or a credit card.

Only physical forms of IDs will be accepted by test center staff. Digital or paper copies of IDs will not be accepted.

WARNING! Your DENTPIN record (which is the name on your application) must match your IDs exactly or

you will be denied admission to testing and forfeit your testing/application fee.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 28

RESCHEDULE OR CANCEL A TESTING APPOINTMENT

To reschedule or cancel a testing appointment, candidates must either use the scheduling tools on the

Administration Vendor website or contact the Administration Vendor using the contact information provided on the

Administration Vendor website. This must be done in advance of the testing appointment. Additional fees apply

and must be paid directly to the Administration Vendor (see the Examination Fees section of this Guide). Local

test centers where candidates complete their examination cannot schedule, reschedule, or cancel your

appointment. Appointments must be canceled or rescheduled by the business day prior to the scheduled test, and

at least 24 hours in advance of the scheduled appointment. Candidates will receive a confirmation notice when

rescheduling their testing appointment; please retain a copy of this notice.

NO-SHOW POLICY

Candidates who do not appear for a scheduled testing appointment and do not cancel or reschedule their

appointment by the required time in advance of the test date will forfeit all testing fees, be required to submit a

new application, and must pay the fee to schedule a new appointment.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 29

EMERGENCIES ON THE DAY OF A TESTING APPOINTMENT

If an emergency occurs on the day of a testing appointment that prevents a candidate from sitting for their

examination, a written request for relief must be submitted to DTS. This request should include applicable

documentation and be sent to testingprob[email protected] within five business days of the scheduled appointment.

Examples of emergencies and applicable documentation include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Sudden illness on the examination day. Provide a doctor’s note or hospital records confirming that you

were treated on the day of the examination.

• Death of a member of the family on the examination day. Provide a copy of an obituary, prayer card,

funeral service program, or death certificate confirming that the relative passed away or services were

held on the day of the examination.

Testing appointments affected by emergencies occurring prior to the day of the scheduled appointment should be

handled through the Administration Vendor’s rescheduling and cancellation process indicated previously.

TESTING PROBLEMS ON THE DAY OF THE TESTING APPOINTMENT

If a candidate encounters a problem during their examination, the administration should not be resumed until the

issue has been documented and resolved by the test center administrator. If a candidate continues to have issues

with their testing experience after having requested such assistance, they should again alert test center staff and

request that staff resolve the issue. If the issue persists, the candidate should immediately discontinue testing.

Candidates who continue to test despite the presence of continued, significant issues waive their right to appeal

for a remedy on the basis of those encountered issues. Concerns not resolved at the time of testing must be

submitted in writing within five business days of the testing appointment to testing[email protected].

Candidates must contact testingproblems@ada.org directly, and state the specific relief being requested. Upon

receipt of directly communicated information, DTS will conduct an investigation and notify the candidate of the

outcome. Candidates with documented, unresolved testing issues could be offered the courtesy of a retest within

30 days. If the candidate accepts the retest courtesy, the retest will replace the results of the initial test, and the

initial test results will be voided. Candidates who continue to test despite severe issues — and particularly those

who continue to test, wait for their results to be released, and call DTS afterwards upon receipt of a poor score —

are unlikely to obtain the remedy they seek.

Test center incident reports submitted on behalf of the candidate — and comments submitted by the candidate

via post examination surveys — are considered indirect communication to DTS. These indirect communications

may be considered by DTS as part of its general quality assurance procedures but would not result in specific

relief for the candidate.

Examination results cannot be canceled or adjusted under any circumstances.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 30

TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS

The Examination Program provides reasonable and appropriate testing accommodations in accordance with the

Americans with Disabilities Act. These accommodations occur for individuals with documented disabilities or

medical conditions who demonstrate a need for accommodation, request an accommodation prior to testing, and

who are approved by the Examination Program to receive accommodations based on the information submitted.

Testing accommodations are offered to those with a qualified disability or a medical condition in order to offer

equal access to testing. Candidates must request testing accommodations with each application, but—for

subsequent administrations—will not be required to submit additional documentation covering the same disability

or condition.

Information concerning specific accommodations provided will not be shared outside of DTS, the test center, and

the Examination Program, and will not be indicated on examination results.

In considering a request from a candidate with a disability, the Examination Program is guided by a focus on

validity. Testing accommodations are provided so all candidates have the opportunity to demonstrate their

knowledge and skills, as opposed to having the measurement of their knowledge and skills inappropriately reflect

a disability.

To determine whether candidates qualify for accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Actꟷor as a

result of a current medical conditionꟷthe Examination Program requires a complete evaluation of the candidate

as well as a completed and signed Testing Accommodations Request. A health care professional appropriately

qualified to evaluate the disability or medical condition must conduct the evaluation. For more information on

accommodations and an explanation of how to request testing accommodations consult the Testing

Accommodations Request of the Examination Program website (see the section entitled “Apply to Take ...” the

Examination).

If you have a documented disability recognized under the Americans with Disabilities Act and require testing

accommodations, you must submit the following three documents prior to testing:

1. A completed testing application

2. The Testing Accommodations Request Form through your DENTPIN account

3. Documentation to support the testing accommodation request.

You may submit your testing accommodation request in one of the following ways.

Before applying to test

• You may submit your testing accommodation request prior to submitting your examination application.

The Examination Program will review your request, and if approved, the Examination Program will add

the approved testing accommodation to your record after you complete your examination application.

• To submit a testing accommodation request before applying to test, please sign into your DENTPIN

account and click “Submit Request” from the top ribbon menu. From the dropdown menu, select

“Accommodations Request”.

• Fill out and submit the Testing Accommodation Request Form. This will include a file uploader for

attaching the required supporting documentation. Requested testing accommodations should align with

the identified functional limitation, so that the adjustment to the testing procedure is compliant with federal

guidelines.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 31

While applying to test

• During the application submission process, select “Yes” when asked “Are you requesting testing

accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Act?”.

• Fill out the Testing Accommodation Request in the examination application, which will appear after the

payment page. This will include a file uploader for attaching supporting documentation. Requested testing

accommodations should align with the identified functional limitation, so that the adjustment to the testing

procedure is compliant with federal guidelines.

Candidates can schedule a testing appointment AFTER testing accommodation requests have been

approved. Testing accommodations cannot be added to a previously scheduled testing appointment. If

candidates schedule testing appointments before testing accommodations are approved, candidates will

be required to cancel the appointment and pay a rescheduling fee. Candidates requesting

accommodations must receive their eligibility email with approved accommodations before scheduling a

testing appointment.

UNACCEPTABLE FORMS OF DOCUMENTATION

Please do not submit the documents indicated below. They will not be accepted.

• Handwritten letters from health care professionals

• Handwritten patient records or notes from patient charts

• Diagnoses on prescription pads

• Self-evaluations

• Research articles

• Original documents (submit copies only)

• Previous correspondence to the Examination Program (DTS maintains copies of all correspondence)

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 32

EXAMINATION REGULATIONS AND RULES OF CONDUCT

RULES OF CONDUCT

Rules have been established that govern the administration of this examination to ensure results accurately

reflect candidates’ skills. Examination regulations and rules of conduct help preserve the integrity of the

examination process and provide standardized examination administration conditions that yield valid and reliable

results.

The Examination Program bears no responsibility for inaccurate information or inappropriate permissions received

from test center administrators. It is your personal responsibility to understand and comply with the Examination

Regulations indicated in this guide. If a candidate’s conduct is determined to violate the terms set forth in this

Guide, the Examination Program will act to strictly enforce its policies and procedures.

Accessing official examination content prior to testing, breaching the confidentiality of examination content, or any

attempt to subvert the examination process represent violations of test regulations. Conduct occurring before,

during, or after testing that violates the examination regulations and rules of conduct could result in invalidation of

examination results and other penalties.

Candidates must be truthful in completing the application and must abide by all instructions regarding examination

conduct. Failure to comply with the examination regulations and rules of conduct could result in a determination of

the presence of an irregularity, and examination results could consequently be voided. If results are voided as a

result of an irregularity, candidates could be prohibited from testing for a specified time period or, in egregious

cases, from retesting at all. Additionally, candidates could face civil or criminal prosecution.

By applying for the examination, candidates agree to abide by the following Rules of Conduct:

1. The candidate certifies that they are registering for this examination for the purpose indicated in the

Examination Purpose section of this Candidate Guide. The examination may not be taken on behalf of

anyone else or for any reason other than for the purpose indicated. Candidates may not take the

examination to practice or to obtain an advance review of the content

2. Candidates are not allowed to complete an examination for any reason other than that indicated by the

Examination Purpose. If available information suggests a previously eligible candidate might be

completing an examination for other purposes, the Examination Program may revoke the candidate’s

eligibility, and the candidate could be required to re-establish eligibility to take the examination.

3. Candidates will not give, receive, or obtain any form of unauthorized assistance prior to the examination,

during the examination (e.g., in the testing room or when on a break), or subsequent to the examination.

4. Candidates will maintain the confidentiality of examination content at all times. Candidates will not

reproduce or attempt to reproduce examination materials through memorization, recording, copying, or

other means. Candidates will not provide information concerning examination content that might affect the

examination’s ability to accurately assess candidates’ skills, or that might provide unfair advantage to

other candidates. For example, Candidates will neither make use of nor participate in the sharing or

distribution of information regarding examination content or answers (via electronic means or otherwise).

5. Candidates will not bring any unauthorized materials, as listed in the Examination Misconduct section of

this Guide, into the secure testing area. All unauthorized materials must be placed in an assigned locker

and may not be accessed during testing.

6. Candidates will not remove information about the exam (written, printed, recorded, or other) from the test

center.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 33

7. Candidates will comply with Administration Vendor test center policies and procedures and will not create

a disturbance in the test center.

8. Candidates will not tamper with the computer testing equipment and facilities.

9. Candidates will cooperate fully with any investigations involving testing irregularities and agree to have

their examination analyzed to detect aberrancies.

10. This Examination is a secure examination protected by U.S. copyright laws. Any unauthorized disclosure

of the examination’s content could result in civil liability, criminal penalties, voiding of examination results,

or other appropriate penalties.

Test content (in whole or in part) is prohibited from being disclosed before, during, or after the test to anyone,

including but not limited to: family, friends, classmates, colleagues, or test preparation organizations. This applies

to any content disclosed through discussions, emails, in writing, online (e.g., blogs, social media, websites), or

otherwise.

Candidates who receive unreleased test items should immediately contact DTS at [email protected], and

should NOT review the materials they have received. Candidates who have been found to be in possession of

such information—or to have participated in the distribution of this information—may have their examination

results voided. Penalties might be imposed subsequent to discovery and investigation of the original incident,

which could occur years after the incident itself.

Candidates are encouraged to report any activities where information about examination questions is disclosed,

so that DTS can investigate and take any necessary action. Report such activity to DTS at testsecurity@ada.org.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 34

PRIVACY AND SECURITY

The Examination Program will maintain the privacy and security of candidates’ personal information using industry

standard methods. DTS will collect and retain personal information to serve candidate needs, administer the

examination, fulfill Examination Program responsibilities (e.g., to maintain the integrity of the test and detect and

prevent unlawful activity), and fulfill legal requirements. Examination results shall be retained indefinitely, along

with testing records and candidates’ personal information.

Before the examination is administered, candidates will be required to provide a written release concerning the

collection of their biometric information. Biometrics are collected by the Administration Vendor for purposes of

verifying identity and detecting and preventing unlawful activity; the data is stored securely by the Administration

Vendor.

As applicable and in accordance with the purpose of the Examination Program, examination results will be

released or reported to state boards, education programs, or other entities upon written candidate authorization or

designation by electronic means through the electronic application or score report request form. Examination

results may be released or reported in the absence of such authorization when policies indicate that such

notification is appropriate (e.g., notification of state boards concerning an irregularity). Examination results may be

released to education programs to enable those programs to understand student outcomes. For research and

policymaking purposes, examination results may be released — with personally identifying information removed

— to individuals or entities that the Examination Program deems legitimately interested. Information regarding

privacy policies is made available to all candidates and the public.

The ADA provides technical support for the Examination Program and uses data security procedures to protect

the integrity of personal and exam information. Security safeguards include administrative, technical, and physical

safeguards over data and data processing systems. For information on policies relating to your use of the ADA

website, please refer to the Privacy Notice and Terms of Use available at ADA.org.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 35

EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT

The Examination Program strives to report results that accurately reflect the skills and performance of each

candidate. The standards and procedures for administering each examination are intended to provide candidates

with a reasonable opportunity to demonstrate their skills, and to facilitate accurate evaluation of those skills.

The Examination Program reserves the right to withhold, void, or invalidate any result when, in the Examination

Program’s judgment, it is reasonable to question the validity of the result. Reasons for withholding, voiding, or

invalidating results, or for imposing other appropriate penalties, could include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Unusual answer patterns

• Atypical score increases from one examination attempt to another

• Discrepancy in, or falsification of, a candidate’s identification

• Information indicating that a candidate has engaged in misconduct or a violation of the examination

regulations, rules of conduct, or test center procedures

• Sharing remembered exam questions or answers. This includes sharing through social media platforms,

online discussion forums, or other means

• Taking an examination on behalf of another individual, or having another individual take an examination

on your behalf

• Falsification of application information or supporting documents

• Falsification of a candidate’s results or results report

• Inconsistent performance on different sections of the exam from one examination attempt to another

• Improper access to secure exam content

• Evidence is available concerning the presence of an examination administration irregularity

• Any other information indicating the results might not be valid.

When examination results are voided or invalidated, the candidate is notified in writing. This notice includes

information about the decision and the procedure for appeal. Results will remain voided until an appeal process

has been completed, or the time for appeal has expired.

When previously reported results are voided, the score report recipient will be notified in writing that the result has

been voided.

If it is determined a candidate has engaged in irregular behavior, information regarding this determination

becomes a part of the candidate’s record. At its sole discretion, the Examination Program may elect to send a

summary report documenting the incident to legitimately interested parties. This would include all parties to whom

a candidate has instructed results be sent (both currently and in the future).

In situations where an irregularity has occurred, individuals who are involved or implicated with respect to the

occurrence of the irregularity, or who are reasonably believed to have witnessed the irregularity, could be asked

to provide information concerning the irregularity.

The Examination Program reserves the right to pursue other remedies, including prosecution of anyone

whose conduct unlawfully undermines the security of the examination or the integrity of the examination

process.

INBDE 2024 Candidate Guide | 36

No personal items are permitted in the secure testing area. Any personal belongings brought to the test center

must be stored in a designated locker; storage is limited. Personal belongings may be inspected. Notes or any

materials accessed during the examination or on an unscheduled break could be confiscated. Accessing personal

belongings or a locker during an unscheduled break violates the examination regulations. Test administrators are

NOT authorized to provide permission to candidates to access personal belongings or lockers during an

unscheduled break.

Items that are prohibited from the secure testing area include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Books, notes, study materials, scratch paper, tissues, and markers

• Personal earplugs and headphones NOT previously approved by the Administration Vendor. Headphones

NOT provided by the Administration Vendor.

• Dental instruments, models, or materials

• Slide rules, paper, calculating devices, rulers, and other measuring devices (except those items approved

in advance under testing accommodations)

• Electronic devices such as cell phones, recording devices, iPods, tablets, and headsets

• Tote bags, purses, wallets, backpacks, and briefcases

• Highlighters, pens, erasers, pencils, dictionaries, and translators

• Food, candy, gum, and beverages (except those items approved in advance under testing

accommodations)

• Outerwear, such as coats, jackets, gloves, or head coverings (religious attire is allowed)

• Good luck charms, statues, religious or spiritual items, and similar objects

• Watches (digital, analog, or smart) or timing devices (a timer is provided on the computer screen during

the examination)

• Magnifying devices

• Jewelry (except for wedding and engagement rings)

The test center will provide two note boards (without graph lines) and two low-odor fine tip markers during the

examination. Used note boards will be replaced by test center staff upon request. Scratch paper, pencils, and

markers not furnished by the testing center are prohibited. You are not guaranteed to receive graph lines on your

provided materials.

Candidates may not write on the note boards before the test begins or during scheduled breaks. The note boards

should not be folded, bent, distorted, or modified in any manner. Markers cannot be used any surface other than

the note boards. Candidates may not touch the monitor during the examination. All items provided must be

returned to the test administrator before leaving the test center. Test center note boards will not be stored for

multiple day examination use. Any notes taken will be surrendered at the end of each testing day and erased.

Candidates may not engage in conversation with others during testing or while on an unscheduled break.

Discussing the examination is strictly prohibited.

Test center administrators will report the activity of candidates who take unscheduled breaks.

During an unscheduled break, candidates may NOT access personal belongings or prohibited items,

study or refer to notes or texts, use a telephone, eat or drink any food or beverages from lockers, or leave

the test center. Test administrators are NOT authorized to provide permission to engage in these

activities.

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Although the examination is administered under strict supervision and security, examination irregularities can

sometimes occur. Examination results could be voided based upon a breach of examination security, invalid

examination conditions, or candidate violations of the examination regulations, rules of conduct, or test center

procedures. If irregularities are detected during the examination, or evidence of irregular behavior is disclosed

when the examination is scored or afterward, those involved will have their examination results voided and face

appropriate penalties.

Failure to comply with examination regulations, rules of conduct, and test center procedures could result

in a determination of the presence of an irregularity, and examination results could be withheld, canceled,

considered invalid, or another appropriate penalty could be imposed. Candidates might also be directed

to leave the test center before the examination is completed. If results are withheld or invalidated, or

other penalties are proposed or imposed as the result of an irregularity, candidates could be prohibited

from testing and other appropriate penalties could be imposed.

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IRREGULARITIES AND APPEALS

An irregularity is defined as a situation in which there could be a question about the validity of examination results

in accurately reflecting the ability and skills of a candidate.

For example, such questions could be raised when:

• there is communication between candidates during the testing session.

• unauthorized assistance occurs.

• candidates have inappropriate access to examination content (e.g., remembered questions or answers

are shared by email, online posting, or other means).

• conduct prohibited by the examination regulations, rules of conduct, or test center procedures occurs, or

examination administration disruptions are present, including natural disasters and other emergencies.

When an irregularity is identified, results for the candidate(s) involved will be voided pending resolution of the

corresponding appeal(s). If an appeal is denied or no appeal is filed, the results of the candidate(s) involved could

remain voided and/or other appropriate remedies imposed.

Rule violations and/or irregularities occurring in one Examination Program implemented by DTS may result in

penalties that impact a candidate’s ability to test in another Examination Program implemented by DTS.

Candidates whose results are subject to being voided are notified by written correspondence and provided with a

copy of the Limited Right of Appeal for Examination Candidates. Appeals must be submitted in writing within

30 days of notification of the irregularity. Appeals must be submitted in writing within 30 days of

notification of the irregularity. Appeals must clearly state the specific relief being requested and include

corresponding arguments, evidence, and documentation in support of the request.

The candidate will be notified of the appeal decision within 60 days after receipt of the appeal.

When considering an appeal, the Examination Program strives to ensure that examination results accurately

reflect candidates’ skills, and that the appealing candidate has an opportunity equal to, but not greater than, the

opportunity provided to other candidates.

Results will be voided when there is a reasonable and good faith basis to do so. If it is determined that voiding

results is not warranted under the circumstances, the results will be released.

Candidates should be aware that irregularities—other than natural disasters and emergencies beyond the control

of the candidate—are considered to be a serious breach of the examination process.

The Examination Program strives to handle irregularities and their investigation in a confidential, professional, fair,

and objective manner.

Candidates should be aware that reports of irregularities may have consequences beyond the voiding of results or

the imposition of other appropriate penalties.

• Information regarding the irregularities may be brought to the attention of school authorities, regulatory

agencies, or other entities, by other sources.

• Additional information concerning a candidate may surface within the context of an investigation into an

irregularity.

Candidates are encouraged to report suspicious activity or observations of violations of the examination

regulations to DTS at [email protected].

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NON-APPEALABLE POLICIES

The JCNDE considers certain policies to be non-appealable. This includes, but is not limited to, the following:

• The 60-day wait period between administrations.

• Testing more than four (4) times in a 12-month period.

• The nullification of a test result or reimbursement of a paid administration due to complaints about test

questions or accompanying stimulus materials (e.g., an image).

• Exceptions to the educational degree confirmation policy (i.e., for candidates educated by non-CODA

accredited programs).

• The outcome of an audited test result.

• An adjustment or modification to a test score.

ARBITRATION REQUIREMENT

Arbitration has become an increasingly common way to resolve legal differences. Generally speaking, the

advantages of arbitration over traditional lawsuits are that arbitration is less expensive and issues are resolved in

less time. If a candidate wishes to pursue a dispute that has not been resolved by the appeal process mentioned

above and detailed in the Limited Right of Appeal for Examination Candidates, the candidate must use the

procedure described in the following Agreement to Arbitrate.

AGREEMENT TO ARBITRATE

1. In the event that any legal dispute arises between you and the Examination Program, in connection with

your participation in this Examination Program, where that dispute is not resolved by the appeals process

detailed in this Guide and elsewhere, you agree that the exclusive means for resolving the dispute shall

be Binding Arbitration as described by the terms of this Agreement. This means that you waive the rights

you may have to resolve the dispute in a court of law, or by any other means that might otherwise be

available to you.

2. The American Dental Association (“ADA”) agrees to be similarly bound except that the ADA reserves its

full rights to pursue injunctive and other appropriate relief in any state or federal court in cases of unfair

competition or violations of, or threats to violate, any intellectual property rights of the ADA. With respect

to any action filed by the ADA pursuant to this paragraph 2, you consent to submit to the jurisdiction of the

state or federal court in which the ADA seeks relief.

3. Arbitration proceedings initiated pursuant to this Agreement to Arbitrate shall be conducted in accordance

with the then current Consumer Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitrator’s

award shall be binding and may be entered as a judgment in any court of competent jurisdiction.

Information about the American Arbitration Association, its rules, and its forms are available from the

American Arbitration Association website, www.adr.org.

4. In the event of Arbitration, and except to the extent the Consumer Arbitration Rules provide otherwise, the

parties shall bear their own costs and attorneys’ fees associated with the Arbitration proceedings, unless

the arbitrator directs one of the parties to pay the other’s costs, or attorneys’ fees, or both.

5. To the fullest extent permitted by law, no Arbitration brought pursuant to this Agreement shall be joined to

any Arbitration involving any other party whether through “Class Arbitration” proceedings or otherwise.

6. This Agreement is part of the application to take this examination. Your assent to be bound by it is a

requirement for taking the examination, but you can only sit for the examination if you also fulfill all other

conditions imposed by the Examination Program.