28 SECTION 1 THE HISTORY OF THE POLICE
research on the history of law enforcement. Detailed
study of slave patrols in specific colonies and states is
necessary as are research endeavors which assess the
applicability of various typologies in different jurisdic-
tions. Hopefully this initial effort will serve to both
inform criminal justicians and practitioners about an
important but little-known aspect of American police
history as well as encourage research on non-Northern
developments in the history of law enforcement. It has
been argued here that most histories of the develop-
ment of police have portrayed a regional bias suggest-
ing that evolution was essentially Northern and urban
in nature. In addition, existing information has covered
the initial organizational stages of policing and the
formation of modern police departments, but we are
left with the impression that little activity of historical
importance occurred between those first developments
and the eventually modern department. Lundman has
called that middle stage “transitional” policing and it is
that concept which has been used here to: 1) debunk
the portrayal of American law enforcement history as
restricted to the urban North, and 2) provide an exam-
ple of a form of policing more advanced than the con-
stable/watch type but one which was not yet modern.
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